European journal for the history of medicine and health最新文献_第8页

Florence Nightingale and Responsibility for Healthcare in the Home 弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔和家庭医疗责任

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10012

Richard Bates, J. Memel

引用次数: 2

Louise Cilliers, Roman North Africa: Environment, Society and Medical Contribution Louise Cilliers，罗马北非:环境，社会和医学贡献

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210009

C. F. Salazar

引用次数: 2

How Ethics Travels: The International Development of Research Ethics Committees in the Late Twentieth Century 伦理如何传播:研究伦理委员会在20世纪后期的国际发展

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210001

N. Jacobs, Helena Tinnerholm Ljungberg

引用次数: 0

Bettina Hitzer, Krebs Fühlen: Eine Emotionsgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts 感到热，患上癌症20世纪的一个情感故事。世纪

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210002

C. Timmermann

引用次数: 0

Maud Ternon, Juger les fous au Moyen Âge dans les tribunaux royaux en France, XIVe-XVe siècles 莫德·特农，《中世纪法国皇家法庭上的傻瓜审判》，14 - 15世纪

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210008

Hélène Leuwers, Justin Rivest

引用次数: 0

Magdalena Ptaszyńska and Radosław Ptaszyński, Skalpel’68: Kampania antysemicka w środowisku szczecińskich lekarzy

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210003

Joanna Nieznanowska

引用次数: 0

Amir Teicher, Social Mendelism: Genetics and the Politics of Race in Germany, 1900–1948 《社会孟德尔主义:遗传学与德国种族政治，1900-1948》

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210007

Bernd Gausemeier

引用次数: 3

Christian Sammer, Gesunde Menschen machen: Die deutsch-deutsche Geschichte der Gesundheitsaufklärung 我是杰克逊博士请问你是谁

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20210006

P. Pfütsch

引用次数: 0

Dealing with Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials: The ussr in the Global Context 处理临床试验中的伦理问题:全球背景下的苏联

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10010

P. Vasilyev, A. Petrenko, V. Tayukina

{"title":"Dealing with Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials: The ussr in the Global Context","authors":"P. Vasilyev, A. Petrenko, V. Tayukina","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper discusses several ethical issues related to clinical trials within the Soviet system of drug development and testing, which reflected larger ideological principles of healthcare organization in the ussr, with its focus on eradicating market elements from drug development. The centralized state-controlled system was thought to combat such drawbacks of free-market drug development as high prices and aggressive advertising; also to discourage the duplication of research by numerous independent actors that was perceived to be common in capitalist countries. Another significant ethical issue was the Soviet emphasis on the unity of scientific research and clinical treatment. Their strict separation, introduced to support normative standards defined by the U.S. pharmaceutical drug testing system, was rejected in the ussr where knowledge of new treatment options came from treatment practice, not laboratory-like experimental conditions of randomized controlled double-blind trials. The Soviet design was closer to so-called ‘pragmatic trials’ that focus on solving ‘real-life’ problems in clinical practice. Not all ethical problems were successfully addressed in the Soviet model, where there were always significant gaps between neatly postulated theory and messy clinical practice. The unity of scientific research and clinical practice was difficult to achieve. Archival research shows potential ethical issues related to geographic disparities in carrying out clinical trials, and the importance of personal and informal connections in the Soviet model.","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74788585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Institutionalization of Research Ethics Committees in Germany – International Integration or in the Shadow of Nuremberg? 德国研究伦理委员会的制度化——国际融合还是纽伦堡的阴影?

European journal for the history of medicine and health Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10011

M. Krischel

{"title":"The Institutionalization of Research Ethics Committees in Germany – International Integration or in the Shadow of Nuremberg?","authors":"M. Krischel","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Although already established in West Germany since the 1970s, with the introduction of research ethics committees (rec s) into the Tokyo revision of the Declaration of Helsinki, they gained in importance. From 1985, a duty to consult rec s in human subject research was written into West German physicians’ codes of conduct. In East Germany (“Deutsche Demokratische Republik”, ddr), a central rec was set up in 1981 within the ddr Ministry of Health, and after German reunification, a duty to consult rec s was introduced in the federal Medical Products Act (Arzneimittelgesetz). Since 2001, European regulations were incorporated into national laws which applied in Germany as in other member states. Regarding the institution and legal history of rec s in Germany, this contribution seeks to answer three questions: (1) Were rec s developed in response to a specifically German experience of medical crimes and the abuse of human research subjects, or were they part of an internationalization of medical research ethics and international integration of German research? (2) Was the setting up of rec s in Germany a more top-down, centralized process or a more bottom-up, grassroots undertaking, and what does this tell us about the status that biomedical researchers gave to the ethics of human subject research in that period? And (3) who has traditionally held authority over human subject research in Germany and who holds it today?","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76716398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3