Endocrinology and disorders : open access最新文献_第8页

Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children and Adult Patients with Hypopituitarism: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management 儿童和成人垂体功能减退患者生长激素缺乏：诊断和治疗中的挑战

Endocrinology and disorders : open access Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.31579/2640-1045/004

M. Hosseinlou

引用次数: 0

Adrenal Gland Tumor: Current Approaches and Future Directions of Pheochromocytoma. 肾上腺肿瘤：嗜铬细胞瘤的当前治疗方法和未来发展方向。

Endocrinology and disorders : open access Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.31579/2640-1045/097

Y. Narsimha Reddy

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Management Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy: Preconception, and the postpartum complications 妊娠期甲状腺疾病的管理:孕前和产后并发症

Endocrinology and disorders : open access Pub Date : 2017-12-05 DOI: 10.31579/2640-1045/012

R. F. Gross man

{"title":"Management Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy: Preconception, and the postpartum complications","authors":"R. F. Gross man","doi":"10.31579/2640-1045/012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2640-1045/012","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy has a profound impact on the thyroid gland and thyroid function since the thyroid may encounter changes to hormones and size during pregnancy. The diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum is complex but knowledge regarding the interaction between the thyroids and pregnancy/the postpartum period is advancing at a rapid pace. For women known to have hypothyroidism, an increase in thyroxine dose by 20–40% when pregnancy is confirmed usually ensures they remain euthyroid. Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is recommended if the woman has antithyroid antibodies. Treatment of hyperthyroidism, unless it is related to human chorionic gonadotrophin, involves propylthiouracil in the first trimester. Carbimazole may be used in the second trimester. Thyroid function tests are checked every month and every two weeks following a change in dose. Women with a current or a past history of Graves’ disease who have thyrotropin receptor antibodies require early specialist referral as there is a 1–5% risk of fetal hyperthyroidism. Women with thyroid disorders in pregnancy should be followed up by their GP in the postpartum period. Postpartum thyroiditis may present months after delivery.","PeriodicalId":72909,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and disorders : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48773273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Activity of Metformin in Treatment of Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A double Blind Placebo-Controlled Study 二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征胰岛素敏感性的降糖活性临床评价:一项双盲安慰剂对照研究

Endocrinology and disorders : open access Pub Date : 2017-12-05 DOI: 10.31579/2640-1045/011

Eric Casarini

{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Activity of Metformin in Treatment of Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A double Blind Placebo-Controlled Study","authors":"Eric Casarini","doi":"10.31579/2640-1045/011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2640-1045/011","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinological disorder affecting 4–12% of women and also the most controversial. Metformin was logically introduced to establish the extent to which hyperinsulinaemia influences the pathogenesis of the condition. Early studies were very encouraging. Randomized controlled studies and several metaanalyses have changed the picture and put the drug that was once heralded as magic in a much contracted place. Metformin is one of the longest established oral insulin sensitising agents. For decades its use was restricted to management of type 2 diabetes. However, in the past two decades, its properties as an insulin sensitising agent have been explored in relation to its applicability for women with PCOS. Metformin is an effective ovulation induction agent for non-obese women with PCOS and offers some advantages over other first line treatments for anovulatory infertility such as clomiphene. For clomiphene-resistant women, metformin alone or in combination with clomiphene is an effective next step. Women with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilisation should be offered metformin to reduce their risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Limited evidence suggests that metformin may be a suitable alternative to the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) for treating hyperandrogenic symptoms of PCOS including hirsutism and acne. More research is required to define whether metformin has a role in improving long term health outcomes for women with PCOS, including the prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and endometrial cancer.","PeriodicalId":72909,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and disorders : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45117661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric Endocrinology: Global Spread of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Neonatal and Permanent Treatment Using Sulfonylurea Drug Regimen Glibenclamide 儿科内分泌学:新生儿2型糖尿病的全球传播和使用磺脲类药物方案格列本脲的永久性治疗

Endocrinology and disorders : open access Pub Date : 2017-08-10 DOI: 10.31579/2640-1045/007

F. Elnady

引用次数: 0

Classification of Neuroendocrine Tumors: Consensus Guidelines for the Management and Treatment 神经内分泌肿瘤的分类:管理和治疗的共识指南

Endocrinology and disorders : open access Pub Date : 2017-08-10 DOI: 10.31579/2640-1045/094

Sonallah Ibrahim

引用次数: 0