Advances in Environmental Research最新文献_第10页

Heat sensitivity on physiological and biochemical traits in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ) 鹰嘴豆生理生化性状的热敏性

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-12-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.307

Amit Jain

{"title":"Heat sensitivity on physiological and biochemical traits in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum )","authors":"Amit Jain","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.307","url":null,"abstract":"Four chickpea cultivars viz. kabuli (Pusa 1088 and Pusa 1053) and desi (Pusa 1103 and Pusa 547) differing in sensitivity to high temperature conditions were analyzed in earthern pot (30 cm) at different stages of growth and development in the year of 2010 and 2011. Pusa-1053 (kabuli type) showed maximum photosynthetic rate and least by Pusa-547 (desi type), whereas maximum cell membrane thermostability were recorded in Pusa-1103 and minimum in Pusa-1088. Among the treatments, the plants grown under elevated temperature conditions had produced 13.01% more significant data in comparison to plants grown under continuous natural conditions. Stomatal conductance were reduced 44.25% under elevated temperature conditions than natural conditions, whereas 35.56%, when plants grown under initially natural conditions upto 30DAS, then 30-60DAS elevated temperature and finally shifted to natural conditions till harvest. In case of Pusa-1103, stomatal conductance was maximum as compared to rest of 2.7% from Pusa-1053, 8.9% from Pusa-1088, and 10.3% in Pusa-547 throughout the study. Plants grown under continuous elevated temperature conditions had produced 15.30% and 15.32% more significant membrane thermostability index in comparison to continuous natural conditions at vegetative stage and 19.40% and 18.44% at flowering stage, while the better response was recorded at pod formation stage. Pusa-1053 had given 2.8% more membrane thermostability index than Pusa-1088 and Pusa-1103 had given 1.6% more membrane thermostability index than Pusa-547 in the present study. The membrane disruption caused by high temperature may alter water ion and inorganic solutes movement, photosynthesis and respiration. Thus, thermostability of the cell membrane depends on the degree of the electrolyte leakage.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"01 1","pages":"307-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88897800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Life cycle assessment (LCA) of roof-waterproofing systems for reinforced concrete building 钢筋混凝土建筑屋面防水系统生命周期评价(LCA

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-12-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.367

Sukwon Ji, D. Kyung, Woojin Lee

{"title":"Life cycle assessment (LCA) of roof-waterproofing systems for reinforced concrete building","authors":"Sukwon Ji, D. Kyung, Woojin Lee","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.367","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated a life cycle assessment (LCA) of six roof-waterproofing systems [asphalt (C1), synthetic polymer-based sheet (C2), improved asphalt (C3), liquid applied membrane (C4), Metal sheet with asphalt sheet (N1), and liquid applied membrane with asphalt sheet (N2)]for reinforced concrete building using an architectural model. To acquire accurate and realistic LCA results, minimum units of material compositions for life cycle inventory and real data for compositions of waterproofing materials were used. Considering only materials and energy demands for waterproofing systems per square meter, higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could be generated in the order of C1 > N2 > C4 > N1 > C2 > C3 during construction phase. However, the order was changed to C1 > C4 > C3 > N2 > N1 > C2, when the actual architecture model was applied to the roof based on each specifications. When an entire life cycle including construction, maintenance, and deconstruction were considered, the amount of GHG emission was in the order of C4 > C1 > C3 > N2 > C2 > N1. Consequently, N1 was the most environmental-friendly waterproofing system producing the lowest GHG emission. GHG emissions from maintenance phase accounted for 71.4%~78.3% among whole life cycle.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"145 1","pages":"367-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86562494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Optimization of Cu, Hg and Cd removal by Enterobacter cloacae by ferric ammonium citrate precipitation 柠檬酸铁铵沉淀法对阴沟肠杆菌去除Cu、Hg和Cd的优化

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-12-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.283

Rashmi Singh, D. Tipre, S. Dave

引用次数: 0

Chemical coagulation and sonolysis for total aromatic amines removal from anaerobically pre-treated textile wastewater: A comparative study 化学混凝和超声波法去除厌氧预处理纺织废水中总芳香胺的比较研究

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-12-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.293

A. Verma, P. Bhunia, R. R. Dash

{"title":"Chemical coagulation and sonolysis for total aromatic amines removal from anaerobically pre-treated textile wastewater: A comparative study","authors":"A. Verma, P. Bhunia, R. R. Dash","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.4.293","url":null,"abstract":"The present study primarily focuses on the evaluation of the comparative effect of chemical coagulation and ultrasonication for elimination of aromatic amines (AAs) present in anaerobically pretreated textile wastewater containing different types of dyes including azo dyes. Color and COD reduction was also monitored at the optimized conditions. The production of AAs was measured spectrophotometrically in the form of total aromatic amines (TAAs) and also verified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) selectively. A composite coagulant, magnesium chloride (MC) aided with aluminium chlorohydrate (ACH) in an equal ratio (MC + ACH) was utilized during the coagulation process, which yielded 31% of TAAs removal along with 85% of color and 52% of COD reduction. At optimized power (200 W) and sonication time (5 h), an appreciable TAAs degradation efficiency (85%) was observed along with 51% color reduction and 62% COD removal using ultrasonication. The chromatographic data indicate that sulphanilic acid and benzidine types of aromatic amines were produced after the reductive cleavage of utilized textile dyes, which were effectively mineralized after ultrasonication. The degradation followed the first order kinetics with a correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.89 and a first-order kinetic constant (k) of 0.0073 min -1 .","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"293-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79402637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Phytotoxic effects of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (Leguminosae) 汞对小檗种子萌发和幼苗生长的植物毒性影响Benth。(豆科)

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-09-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.207

M. Athar, M. Iqbal, M. Shafiq

{"title":"Phytotoxic effects of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. (Leguminosae)","authors":"M. Athar, M. Iqbal, M. Shafiq","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.207","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the phytotoxic effect of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth of an important arid legume tree Albizia lebbeck. The seeds germination and seedling growth performance of A. lebbeck responded differently to mercuric chloride treatment (1 mM, 3 mM, 5 mM and 7 mM) as compared to control. Seed germination of A. lebbeck was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM. Root growth of A. lebbeck was not significantly affected by mercury treatment at 1 mM, and 3 mM. Shoot and root length of A. lebbeck were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by 5 mM concentration of mercury treatment. Increase in concentration of mercury treatment at 5 mM and 7 mM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seedling dry weight of A. lebbeck. The treatment of mercury at 1 mM decreased high percentage of seed germination (22%), seedling length (10%), root length (21.85%) and seedling dry weight (9%). Highest decrease in seed germination (51%), seedling (34%), root length (48%) and seedling dry weight (41%) of A. lebbeck occurred at 7 mM mercury treatment. A. lebbeck showed high percentage of tolerance (78.14%) to mercury at 1 mM. However, 7 mM concentration of mercury produced lowest percentage of tolerance (51.65%) in A. lebbeck. The seed germination potential and seedling vigor index (SVI) clearly decreased with the higher level of mercury. Plantation of A. lebbeck in mercury-polluted area will help in reducing the burden of mercury pollution. A. lebbeck can serve better in coordinating in land management programs in metal contaminated areas. The identification of the toxic concentration of metals and tolerance indices of A. lebbeck would also be helpful for the establishment of air quality standard.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84586597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Influence of sludge solids content on sludge dewaterability using bioleaching 污泥固体含量对生物浸出污泥脱水性能的影响

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-09-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.199

J. Wong, Jun Zhou, Lixiang Zhou, Mayur B. Kurade, A. Selvam

{"title":"Influence of sludge solids content on sludge dewaterability using bioleaching","authors":"J. Wong, Jun Zhou, Lixiang Zhou, Mayur B. Kurade, A. Selvam","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.199","url":null,"abstract":"Dewatering is an extremely important step in wastewater treatment process to reduce the final sludge volume in order to minimize the cost of sludge transportation and disposal. In the present study, the effect of different sludge solids content (1, 2 and 3.8%) on the dewaterability of anaerobically digested sludge using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and A. thiooxidans was studied. The rate of pH reduction was higher during initial process in the sludge having low solids content, but after 48 h of bioleaching, similar pH of below 3 was observed in all the treatments with different solids content. Bio-oxidation rate of Fe was initially higher in sludge with low solids content, but complete oxidation was observed within 60 h in all the three treatments. Compared to the control, specific resistance to filtration was reduced by 75, 78 and 80% in the sludge with a solids content of 1, 2 and 3.8% respectively, showing improvement in dewaterability with an increase in sludge solids content. Sludge effluent quality and sludge settling rate were also improved in treatments with higher solids content after the bioleaching process.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"114 1","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80707703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Equilibrium and kinetic studies for the removal of cationic dye using banana pith 香蕉髓脱除阳离子染料的平衡及动力学研究

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-09-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.217

A. El-Maghraby, N. Taha

{"title":"Equilibrium and kinetic studies for the removal of cationic dye using banana pith","authors":"A. El-Maghraby, N. Taha","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.217","url":null,"abstract":". The large quantity of green cull bananas has the potential of being used industrially and, thereby, to improve banana economics and eliminate the large environmental problem presented by banana waste. Wastewaters from textile, cosmetics, printing, dying, food colouring, and paper-making industries are polluted by dyes. The adsorption of basic dye by waste banana pith was investigated by varying dye concentrations, adsorbent dose, particle size and agitation rate. The adsorption capacity was found to be maximum value of removal by using 0.1 g of sorbent with particle size 1mm at mixing speed 200 rpm for initial concentration 25 mg/l to reach value of approximate 89%. The Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich adsorption models were used for mathematical description of the adsorption equilibrium and it was found that experimental data fitted very well to these models except Langmuir model. Adsorption of dye was applied on (pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order kinetics), and the experimental data was more fitted to pseudo second order. The results of this study showed that banana pith could be employed as effective and low-cost materials for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"217-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91089526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Activation of persulfate by UV and Fe 2+ for the defluorination of perfluorooctanoic acid UV和fe2 +活化过硫酸盐对全氟辛酸脱氟的影响

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-09-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.185

Zhou Song, Heqing Tang, Nan Wang, Xiaobo Wang, Lihua Zhu

{"title":"Activation of persulfate by UV and Fe 2+ for the defluorination of perfluorooctanoic acid","authors":"Zhou Song, Heqing Tang, Nan Wang, Xiaobo Wang, Lihua Zhu","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.185","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient defluorination of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was achieved by integrating UV irradiation and Fe 2+ activation of persulfate (S2O8 2- ). It was found that the UV-Fe 2+ , Fe 2+ -S2O8 2- , and UV-S2O8 2- processes caused defluorination efficiency of 6.4%, 1.6% and 23.2% for PFOA at pH 5.0 within 5 h, respectively, but a combined system of UV-Fe 2+ -S2O8 2- dramatically promoted the defluorination efficiency up to 63.3%. The beneficial synergistic behavior between Fe 2+ -S2O8 2- and UV-S2O8 2- was demonstrated to be dependent on Fe 2+ dosage, initial S2O8 2- concentration, and solution pH. The decomposition of PFOA resulted in generation of shorter-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), formic acid and fluoride ions. The generated PFCAs intermediates could be further defluorinated by adding supplementary Fe 2+ and, S2O8 2- and re-adjusting solution pH in later reaction stage. The much enhanced PFOA defluorination in the UV-Fe 2+ -S2O8 2- system was attributed to the fact that the simultaneous employment of UV light and Fe 2+ not only greatly enhanced the activation of S2O8 2- to form strong oxidizing sulfate radicals (SO4 •- ), but also provided an additional decarboxylation pathway caused by electron transfer from PFOA to in situ generated Fe 3+ .","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84290887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Modelling and packed bed column studies on adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions by a mixture of ground burnt patties and red soil 模拟和填充床柱研究了用焦土和红土的混合物吸附去除水溶液中的磷酸盐

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.231

P. Rout, R. R. Dash, P. Bhunia

{"title":"Modelling and packed bed column studies on adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions by a mixture of ground burnt patties and red soil","authors":"P. Rout, R. R. Dash, P. Bhunia","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.3.231","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examines the phosphate adsorption potential and behavior of mixture of Ground Burnt Patties (GBP), a solid waste generated from cooking fuel used in earthen stoves and Red Soil (RS), a natural substance in fixed bed column mode operation. The characterization of adsorbent was done by Proton Induced X- ray Emission (PIXE), and Proton Induced γ- ray Emission (PIGE) methods. The FTIR spectroscopy of spent adsorbent reveals the presence of absorbance peak at 1127 cm -1 which appears due to P = O stretching, thus confirming phosphate adsorption. The effects of bed height (10, 15 and 20 cm), flow rate (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mL/min) and initial phosphate concentration (5 and 15 mg/L) on breakthrough curves were explored. Both the breakthrough and exhaustion time increased with increase in bed depth, decrease in flow rate and influent concentration. Thomas model, Yoon-Nelson model and Modified Dose Response model were used to fit the column adsorption data using nonlinear regression analysis while Bed Depth Service Time model followed linear regression analysis under different experimental condition to evaluate model parameters that are useful in scale up of the process. The values of correlation coefficient (R 2 ) and the Sum of Square Error (SSE) revealed the Modified Dose Response model as the best fitted model to the experimental data. The adsorbent mixture responded effectively to the desorption and reusability experiment. The results of this finding advocated that mixture of GBP and RS can be used as a low cost, highly efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal from aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"66 1","pages":"231-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90722297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from wastewater treatment plants and effect of biogas reuse on GHG mitigation 污水处理厂温室气体排放估算及沼气回用对温室气体减排的影响

Advances in Environmental Research Pub Date : 2014-06-25 DOI: 10.12989/AER.2014.3.2.173

Jin Chang, D. Kyung, Woojin Lee

{"title":"Estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from wastewater treatment plants and effect of biogas reuse on GHG mitigation","authors":"Jin Chang, D. Kyung, Woojin Lee","doi":"10.12989/AER.2014.3.2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12989/AER.2014.3.2.173","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive mathematical model was developed for this study to estimate on-site and off-site GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The model was applied to three different hybrid WWTPs (S-WWTP, J-WWTP, and T-WWTP) including anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic process, located in Seoul City, South Korea. Overall on-site and off-site GHG emissions from S-WWTP, J-WWTP, and T-WWTP were 305,253 kgCO2e/d, 282,682 kgCO2e/d, and 117,942 kgCO2e/d, respectively. WWTP treating higher amounts of wastewater produced more on-site and off-site GHG emissions. On average, the percentage contribution of on-site and off-site emissions was 3.03% and 96.97%. The highest amount of on-site GHG emissions was generated from anoxic process and the primary on-site GHG was nitrous oxide (N2O). Off-site GHG emissions related to electricity consumption for unit operation was much higher than that related to production of chemicals for on-site usage. Recovery and reuse of biogas significantly reduced the total GHG emissions from WWTPs. The results obtained from this study can provide basic knowledge to understand the source and amount of GHG emissions from WWTPs and strategies to establish lower GHG emitting WWTPs.","PeriodicalId":7287,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Research","volume":"18 1 1","pages":"173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83311436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7