Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology最新文献

A Concept of Balance of Interest in the Context of Active Assisted Living 主动辅助生活中利益平衡的概念

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00080-0

Maksymilian Michał Kuźmicz

{"title":"A Concept of Balance of Interest in the Context of Active Assisted Living","authors":"Maksymilian Michał Kuźmicz","doi":"10.1007/s44206-023-00080-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00080-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores the concept of balancing interests within the context of Active Assisted Living (AAL). AAL technologies hold great promise for addressing the care and support needs of older adults. However, they also raise ethical and social considerations that necessitate a careful balance of interests among various stakeholders. The objective of this study is to comprehensively examine the notion of balance shedding light on its multifaceted dimensions and discuss practical implications for the AAL. Drawing on a thorough literature review and interdisciplinary insights, the research unfolds in three stages. First, it recognizes four key dimensions of balance: equilibrium, avoidance of extremes, proportion, and compromise. Subsequently, the study explores arguments both in favor of and against balancing, addressing issues such as absolute values, methodological concerns, benefits of imbalances, and alternative approaches. This examination offers a comprehensive perspective on the complexities surrounding the concept of balance. Finally, the paper investigates the implications of the conceptual framework within the AAL context, examining what the process of balancing interests could mean from this perspective.","PeriodicalId":72819,"journal":{"name":"Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135244529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Auditing of AI: Legal, Ethical and Technical Approaches 人工智能审计:法律、道德和技术途径

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00074-y

Jakob Mökander

{"title":"Auditing of AI: Legal, Ethical and Technical Approaches","authors":"Jakob Mökander","doi":"10.1007/s44206-023-00074-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00074-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract AI auditing is a rapidly growing field of research and practice. This review article, which doubles as an editorial to Digital Society’s topical collection on ‘Auditing of AI’, provides an overview of previous work in the field. Three key points emerge from the review. First, contemporary attempts to audit AI systems have much to learn from how audits have historically been structured and conducted in areas like financial accounting, safety engineering and the social sciences. Second, both policymakers and technology providers have an interest in promoting auditing as an AI governance mechanism. Academic researchers can thus fill an important role by studying the feasibility and effectiveness of different AI auditing procedures. Third, AI auditing is an inherently multidisciplinary undertaking, to which substantial contributions have been made by computer scientists and engineers as well as social scientists, philosophers, legal scholars and industry practitioners. Reflecting this diversity of perspectives, different approaches to AI auditing have different affordances and constraints. Specifically, a distinction can be made between technology-oriented audits, which focus on the properties and capabilities of AI systems, and process-oriented audits, which focus on technology providers’ governance structures and quality management systems. The next step in the evolution of auditing as an AI governance mechanism, this article concludes, should be the interlinking of these available—and complementary—approaches into structured and holistic procedures to audit not only how AI systems are designed and used but also how they impact users, societies and the natural environment in applied settings over time.","PeriodicalId":72819,"journal":{"name":"Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Automated Content Writing Tools and the Question of Objectivity 自动化内容写作工具和客观性问题

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00082-y

Federica Russo

引用次数: 0

Norms for Academic Writing in the Era of Advanced Artificial Intelligence 高级人工智能时代的学术写作规范

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00079-7

Simon Friederich, Jonathan Symons

引用次数: 0

Making AI’s Impact on Pathology Visible: Using Ethnographic Methods for Ethical and Epistemological Insights 使人工智能对病理学的影响可见:使用民族志方法进行伦理和认识论见解

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00072-0

Megan M. Milota, Jojanneke M. T. M. Drogt, Karin R. Jongsma

{"title":"Making AI’s Impact on Pathology Visible: Using Ethnographic Methods for Ethical and Epistemological Insights","authors":"Megan M. Milota, Jojanneke M. T. M. Drogt, Karin R. Jongsma","doi":"10.1007/s44206-023-00072-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00072-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The field of pathology is currently undergoing fundamental changes, including the transition from analog to digital workspaces and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into digital diagnostic workflows. Discussing the ethical implications of these changes is complicated by the fact that both laypersons and medical professionals know relatively little about the ways pathologists conduct their daily work. To reveal the largely ‘invisible’ daily practices of pathology departments and better understand the ongoing processes of innovation within the field, we employed a variety of ethnographic methods: interviews, participant observations, and ethnographic filming. Approaching AI in pathology through three different angles helped us to gain rich knowledge and meaningful insights about the ways AI should impact pathologists’ and lab technicians’ roles and responsibilities. In this article, we describe the benefits and downsides of our ‘slow approach’ to data collection and invite those working on similar topics involving the complex dynamics of digital transitions to reflect on whether such methods might also benefit their research.","PeriodicalId":72819,"journal":{"name":"Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human-Curated Validation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Health Data 健康数据机器学习算法的人工策划验证

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00076-w

Magnus Boman

引用次数: 0

Virtual Sovereignty: Examining the Legal Status of Micronations in Cyberspace Through the Case of the Republic of Errant Menda Lerenda 虚拟主权:以误入歧途的门达·莱伦达共和国为例考察微国家在网络空间中的法律地位

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00067-x

Alesia Zhuk

引用次数: 0

Cyber Micronations and Digital Sovereignty 网络微国家和数字主权

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00069-9

Harry Hobbs, Philip Hayward, Robert Motum

引用次数: 0

Capturing Human Environmental DNA: Ethical Challenges 捕捉人类环境DNA:伦理挑战

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00077-9

Nina F. de Groot

{"title":"Capturing Human Environmental DNA: Ethical Challenges","authors":"Nina F. de Groot","doi":"10.1007/s44206-023-00077-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00077-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In May 2023, it was reported that human genomic information can be captured relatively easy and inadvertently from environmental samples, such as air or water. Humans, as well as all other organisms, shed fragments of DNA continuously. There is a large variety of potential applications of such environmental DNA, for instance in biology, but also for criminal justice purposes. However, capturing human DNA from such environmental sources raises ethical issues. This article explores some key ethical issues of human environmental DNA, in particular those revolving around consent, privacy, commodification, and the possibility of genetic surveillance. The article suggests that insights from the digital data protection debate, in particular non-individual-based approaches to data control and governance, can be a valuable starting point for evaluating the ethical, legal, and policy aspects of human environmental DNA. As we leave genetic traces everywhere (just as we also leave digital traces everywhere online), seeking individual control over all of that information seems not only practically hardly possible, but also ethically problematic. Therefore, we need new approaches on how best to articulate and address the challenges that novel genetic information processing techniques bring about. Approaches and concepts from the online digital data debate, such as group privacy and predictive privacy, can offer a valuable way forward to think about how to effectively deal with the complex issues that human environmental DNA raises.","PeriodicalId":72819,"journal":{"name":"Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136115610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Justice and Empowerment Through Digital Health: Ethical Challenges and Opportunities 通过数字健康实现正义和赋权:伦理挑战与机遇

Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s44206-023-00075-x

Philip J. Nickel, Iris Loosman, Lily Frank, Anna Vinnikova

{"title":"Justice and Empowerment Through Digital Health: Ethical Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Philip J. Nickel, Iris Loosman, Lily Frank, Anna Vinnikova","doi":"10.1007/s44206-023-00075-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44206-023-00075-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The proposition that digital innovations can put people in charge of their health has been accompanied by prolific talk of empowerment. In this paper we consider ethical challenges and opportunities of trying to achieve justice and empowerment using digital health initiatives. The language of empowerment can misleadingly suggest that by using technology, people can control their health and take responsibility for health outcomes to a greater degree than is realistic or fair. Also, digital health empowerment often primarily reaches people who already have high technological and health literacy, leaving others behind. We critically investigate whether the concept of health empowerment could be re-engineered to mean something different, namely the process of improving the health literacy and access of those who least possess it, in line with recent proposals for conceptual engineering in the service of justice. We settle on the weaker conclusion that underlying ethical values including justice should be used to interpret the existing concept of empowerment. To conclude, we take a high-level view of various strategies for achieving the ethical value associated with digital health empowerment.","PeriodicalId":72819,"journal":{"name":"Digital society : ethics, socio-legal and governance of digital technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0