Dialogues in health最新文献

{"title":"Socioeconomic development, longevity and prevalence of obesity and overweight: The retrospective longitudinal analysis of international data","authors":"Grigorii Liapin,&nbsp;Vasiliy Vlassov","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Due to the economic growth at the end of the 20th century, people in low-income countries live longer but still spend most of their income on food. These countries, as well as affluent countries, demonstrate a rising prevalence of obesity. The interplay of longevity and obesity at different levels of economic development is not clear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and Global Burden of Disease data on population size, longevity, prevalence of obesity, and income.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After stratifying countries by income, we found a long-term increase in life expectancy with an increase in the prevalence of obesity in countries of all income levels. In the countries of the richest quintile, the increase in longevity is not associated with a further increase in the prevalence of obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The economic growth everywhere leads to an increase in the length of life and is associated with an increase in obesity prevalence. In poor countries, where access to food is limited and customs of consumption differ, socioeconomic development is associated with an increase in longevity and a large increase in prevalence of obesity. It may be the cause of the slower progress in life expectancy in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cause-variations in neonatal mortality across Europe and Africa; evidence from a 20-year retrospective dataset and clinical practice guidelines","authors":"Frank Adusei-Mensah ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ould Boudia ,&nbsp;Richard Osei Agjei ,&nbsp;Luqman Awoniyi ,&nbsp;Ismaila Temitayo Sanusi ,&nbsp;Jussi Kauhanen","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Global health disparities highlight significant inequities between regions such as Africa and Europe. This present study aims to: (i) compare the trends of the leading causes of neonatal mortalities across Europe and Africa over the past two decades; (ii) analyze the impact of clinical practice guidelines on neonatal mortality trends; and (iii) explore variations in cause-specific neonatal mortality rates between the regions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Recent mortality data (2002−2022) were extracted from the WHO database on neonatal mortality for WHO member countries. A comparative non-parametric statistical analysis was conducted on the dataset. Additionally, a scoping review of clinical practice guidelines for both continents was performed, followed by a trend analysis and interrupted time series analysis to explore the impact of these guidelines on neonatal mortality rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed marked regional differences in the causes of neonatal mortality. In Africa, rates were notably high for conditions including birth asphyxia, prematurity, and infections. Europe showed lower mortality levels with more stable trends. A steady decline in European mortality was significantly associated with a higher volume of published clinical practice guidelines compared to Africa.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Neonatal mortality trends differ significantly between Europe and Africa, with declining rates in Europe and stable or rising rates in Africa. Regional variation in leading causes is evident. The presence of context-specific clinical guidelines is linked to improved outcomes, underscoring the need for tailored, evidence-based interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antoine Sénanque: When the pen reveals the secrets of the stethoscope","authors":"El Gaoual Ilham,&nbsp;Taib Berkane,&nbsp;Essarraje Jamal Dine","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This article investigates the narrative work of neurologist and novelist Antoine Sénanque by situating it at the intersection of medical practice, literary fiction, and social justice. It explores how his novels—Blouse, La Grande Garde, and Guérir quand c'est. impossible—offer a critical perspective on the emotional, ethical, and institutional challenges embedded in contemporary healthcare systems.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study employs a qualitative approach combining literary analysis with sociological and narrative medicine frameworks. It draws on the theories of Charon, Fainzang, Pierron, and Bonhomme to examine how Sénanque's fiction articulates the hidden dimensions of the doctor-patient relationship, symbolic violence, and emotional labor in clinical settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings reveal that Sénanque's narratives expose systemic forms of injustice that are normalized through professional detachment, silencing of emotional expression, and the erasure of patient voices. His fiction critiques institutional expectations that disqualify vulnerability and highlights the ethical significance of narrative presence. By portraying relational breakdowns and moral fatigue, the novels illuminate the symbolic asymmetries that shape the experience of care, particularly for marginalized actors—junior doctors, dying patients, and those excluded from curative logic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sénanque's literary corpus functions as a site of narrative resistance and ethical reflection. It underscores the necessity of restoring narrative reciprocity and emotional legitimacy within healthcare. His work suggests that justice in medicine requires not only structural reform but also a cultural shift toward presence, humility, and shared storytelling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of occupational fatigue on safety and health performance in the porcelain manufacturing industry: An analysis using the ELMERI index","authors":"Mostafa Jafarizaveh ,&nbsp;Razie Jafarizadeh ,&nbsp;Maryam Esmaili ,&nbsp;Akram Tabrizi","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a critical social determinant of health, occupational fatigue can be a key indicator for tracking mental health inequalities in working populations. A systematic assessment of fatigue and its impact on safety performance indicators is essential for developing effective preventive strategies in industrial settings. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between occupational fatigue and safety and health performance within an industrial sector in Gonabad, Iran. A descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted among industrial workers. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI) to quantify fatigue, and the ELMERI index to assess safety and health performance levels. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, <em>t</em>-test, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient tests were used for statistical analysis between variables. The study included participants with a mean work experience of 8.49 (±4.63) years. The mean SOFI score for occupational fatigue was 52.75, indicating a significant burden of fatigue. The mean ELMERI index score was 59.50, reflecting a moderate level of safety and health performance. A significant inverse correlation was found between occupational fatigue and safety performance (<em>r</em> = −0.40, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), suggesting that higher levels of fatigue were associated with poorer safety and health outcomes. The findings demonstrate a significant negative relationship between occupational fatigue and safety performance, highlighting the detrimental impact of fatigue on workplace safety. These results underscore the need for implementing fatigue risk management systems and ergonomic interventions in the workplace. Future longitudinal research is recommended to elucidate further the causal mechanisms underlying this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of COVID-19 prevalence in Central Java, Indonesia: An ecological study of socio-demographic, environmental, and healthcare factors","authors":"Iqbal Ardiansyah ,&nbsp;Agus Subagiyo ,&nbsp;Arif widyanto ,&nbsp;Army Mitasari","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Central Java, Indonesia, experienced a 40.9 % COVID-19 positivity rate in 2022, exceeding the WHO benchmark. This study examines the association between changes in sociodemographic, environmental, and healthcare factors and the rise in COVID-19 prevalence, focusing on regional disparities across Central Java. Variables from public datasets were chosen based on the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework. Data analysis begins with variable identification via Pearson correlation, followed by an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression employing Stepwise Backward Elimination, and subsequent assumption tests including Jarque-Bera, Breusch-Pagan, Moran's I, and multicollinearity checks. Upon identifying spatial autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was applied to address spatial heterogeneity. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analysis identified Change in tourist arrival ratio per population, environmental health workforce ratio per land area, and community healthcare workforce ratio per land area as associated factors with change in COVID-19 prevalence. The Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model, with a higher R² value of 0.66, better accounted for regional variations, especially in central and eastern regions. The findings indicate that traveler mobility and the spatial distribution of community health workers are linked to increased COVID-19 prevalence, whereas environmental health workers are associated with a protective result, but these are associations at the aggregate (district/city) level and may be influenced by confounding or reverse causation. Structural factors such as unequal access to resources, healthcare, and sanitation, driven by tourism-induced social inequality, contribute to the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable communities, making it essential for policymakers to address these disparities to protect both local populations and visitors. The study recommends regulating risk-based tourist activities, expanding the environmental health workforce, and enhancing spatial monitoring systems to inform evidence-based health policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating global public health security preparedness capacity: The contribution of SPAR and JEE","authors":"Kamal Bishowkarma ,&nbsp;Cynthia Bell ,&nbsp;Shanlong Ding ,&nbsp;Robert Nguni ,&nbsp;Luca Vernaccini ,&nbsp;Peter Mala ,&nbsp;Stéphane de la Rocque ,&nbsp;Jun Xing ,&nbsp;Dick Chamla ,&nbsp;Mary Stephen ,&nbsp;Reuben Samuel ,&nbsp;Ihor Perehinets ,&nbsp;Phuong Nam Nguyen ,&nbsp;Nirmal Kandel ,&nbsp;Stella Chungong","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To promote transparency and mutual accountability in global public health security among WHO States Parties, Article 54 of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) obliges State Parties to regularly report capacities to prevent, protect against, control, and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease. Two prominent tools for assessing capacities, a mandatory State Parties Annual Self-Assessment (SPAR) and a voluntary Joint External Evaluation (JEE), cover similar concepts and structure, but agreement between the tools has not been assessed in a long term global analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This ecological study compared quantitative capacity scores from 1445 indicator-matched paired observations from 108 SPAR and JEE assessments completed in the same year, by 93 States Parties, between 2016 and 2023. Mixed effects methods were used to estimate mean agreement for each indicator, comparing tool editions/years, regions, and income groups.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Overall, SPAR scores were higher than JEE scores, with the least agreement observed with indicators scoring near Level 3–4 capacity. However, consistency between SPAR and JEE evaluations improved recently, particularly in the latest 2022–2023 editions where 25 of the 28 matched indicator capacity scores were not significantly different on average. Three indicators with significant score disagreement pertained to infection prevention and control, health-care association infection surveillance, and national IHR focal point functions.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Improved alignment between SPAR and JEE, particularly in recent editions, combined with the identification of remaining indicator disagreement, strengthens the evidence base for continued improvement in these essential assessment tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A visual framework for classifying adaptive design clinical trials using the GATE frame and PICO terminology","authors":"David Lora ,&nbsp;Antonio Lalueza Blanco ,&nbsp;Guillermo Maestro de la Calle ,&nbsp;Ana García Reyne ,&nbsp;María Ruíz-Ruigómez ,&nbsp;Enrique J. Calderón ,&nbsp;Miguel Menéndez-Orenga","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An adaptive design of a clinical trial is a trial design that offers pre-planned opportunities to use accumulating trial data to modify aspects of an ongoing trial while preserving the validity and integrity of that trial. The Consolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2025 statements show the minimum information that should be included in the reporting of trials to ensure that trial protocols and trials reports are clear and transparent. Pre-planned interim analysis of adaptive clinical trials can modify the study population, the randomization, the intervention arms, the primary outcome or the clinical trial phase. Such key aspects can be reported using the Adaptive designs CONSORT Extension (ACE) statement, and additionally, conceptualised and represented using the Graphic Appraisal Tool for Epidemiological (GATE) and the PICO terminology (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome). The main purpose of this article is to show how the GATE frame can complement the ACE guidelines by serving as a teaching tool to explain adaptive design clinical trials to a clinical or nonspecialist audience using examples of clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drones in healthcare logistics: Insights from healthcare professionals’ perspective on Zipline delivery services in Ghana","authors":"Emmanuel Komla Dzisi Jr ,&nbsp;Morrice Kobby Patterson ,&nbsp;Seidu Iddrisu","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of drones for healthcare delivery has emerged as a promising innovation for improving access to essential medical supplies, particularly in hard-to-reach areas and during emergencies. This study explores healthcare professionals' perspectives on Zipline's drone services in enhancing healthcare delivery in Ghana, focusing on their awareness, perceived benefits, and challenges. Data was collected through a cross-sectional survey of 696 healthcare professionals across Zipline Ghana's six distribution centers and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests of association, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicate relatively high awareness (62%) of drone services, although facility-level usage was uneven. The findings further reveal that, while drones provide valuable logistical support, they are complementary tools rather than substitutes for broader systemic reforms. Major challenges identified included high operational costs, technical limitations, and concerns about their long-term sustainability. As one of the first large-scale empirical assessments of healthcare professionals' perceptions of drone-enabled healthcare logistics in Sub-Saharan Africa, these findings offer new evidence and policy-relevant insights for Ghana's healthcare system and contribute to broader global discussions on the integration of drones into healthcare delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of parental stress, depression, anxiety, and somatisation: Mediating role of coping behaviours among mothers of preterm infants in Ghana","authors":"Jacob Owusu Sarfo ,&nbsp;Crescens Osei Bonsu Ofori ,&nbsp;Priscilla Yeye Adumoah Attafuah ,&nbsp;Nuworza Kugbey ,&nbsp;Dean Kormla Attigah ,&nbsp;Newton Isaac Gbordzoe ,&nbsp;Josephine Cudjoe Sarfo","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parenting a preterm infant is a stressful experience that can significantly impact maternal mental health. This cross-sectional study examined the association of parental stress with depression, anxiety, and somatisation in 120 Ghanaian mothers of preterm infants, as well as the mediating role of maternal coping behaviours.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mediation analyses using the Lavaan package in JASP software indicated that parental stress had significant direct associations with depression and anxiety in both models, but not with somatisation. The association between stress and somatisation emerged only when coping strategies were included. Adaptive coping played a limited mediating role, significant only for somatisation. In contrast, maladaptive coping significantly mediated the relationships between parental stress and all three mental health outcomes, indicating a stronger explanatory role in how stress translates into psychological symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Maladaptive coping appears to be a key mechanism linking parental stress to poor mental health among Ghanaian mothers of preterm infants. Interventions that reduce maladaptive coping and strengthen effective coping strategies may help mitigate depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gendered role disruption in women with rheumatoid arthritis: A phenomenological study in Kashmir","authors":"Zakir Hussain Gadda ,&nbsp;Mohmad Saleem Jahangir,&nbsp;Aneesa Shafi","doi":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dialog.2026.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach to explore the day-to-day social role experiences of women living with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in Kashmir. Participants were recruited through purposive and theoretical sampling until data saturation was reached. The study included 15 women, aged 21 to 67 years, with a clinical diagnosis of RA. Most of these women participants were married homemakers. Data were collected via in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed with the help of Colaizzi's method. Results revealed that the challenges posed by RA, including pain, discomfort and progressive disability, have curtailed the patients' ability to fulfill their culturally assigned social roles. Such limitations increased their vulnerability to impaired well-being and a loss of identity and purpose. Furthermore, RA has increased patients' dependence on others, which diminished their perceived significance both within and beyond their familial boundaries. As a result, they have adopted various strategies to adapt to the changing demands and expectations associated with their social roles. The study findings emphasize the need for active family involvement in RA care to promote empathy and support. Moreover, healthcare providers need to address not only the physical aspects of RA, but also its under-recognized emotional, psychological, and sexual impacts to improve the quality of care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72803,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in health","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}