Delaware journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Economic Impact of Cancer Diagnosis on Employment, Wages and Intent to Return to Work.","authors":"Iftekhar Khan, Rishi Sawhney, Stephanie McClellan, Kathrina Chua, Abeer Alfaraj, John Shevock, Dain Chun","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the work hours and income of patients who have been diagnosed with cancer, treatable with curative intent. The study evaluated the impact of lost wages on patients and their families in the population that is served by Bayhealth Medical Center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted between 2016 and 2020. The curative cancer focus included breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, testicular, uterine, cervical, bladder, esophageal, head and neck, and stomach. Patients were identified on their survivorship visit with Medical Oncology or Radiation Oncology. Two surveys were used to collect information specific to employment status, leave of absence/change in hours, and monthly income.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Survey one had 142 participants. Survey two had 134 participants. In survey one, 99.3% of participants reported being employed at least half time at the time of diagnosis. On the Survivorship visit, 95% reported being currently employed at least half time. Only 87% were employed in the same job and title. When reporting income, 64% of participants had the same income, and 25.4% reported a reduction in income since being diagnosed and completing cancer treatment. In survey two, completed one-year post-survivorship visit, 83.6% of participants reported being employed at least half time. Of those, 76.9% were working for the same employer as they were at time of diagnosis. To that end, 26.1% of participants reported their income as lower than it was at time of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A cancer diagnosis with treatment can and does have an impact on a person's ability to remain employed at least half time and sustain the same level of income.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"54-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Talent Gap:: Connecting Talent to Bioscience Careers.","authors":"Katherine Lakofsky","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an urgent need to engage, educate, and train a skilled workforce for Delaware's growing life science sector. A sizeable number of these jobs can be obtained with a high school diploma or GED, coupled with an industry informed short-term training program. Unfortunately, this is not widely known, and many disadvantaged populations do not have access to the necessary training. Through a partnership between the Delaware Bioscience Association and the Delaware Biotechnology Institute at the University of Delaware, efforts are currently underway to develop a pilot training program, specifically focusing on the skills needed for biomanufacturing and basic laboratory operations. Additionally, the program will devote significant resources to the identification and recruitment of participants with an emphasis on engaging historically underrepresented populations, as well as removing barriers to accessing the training. The goal is to connect talent to available careers in the industry, providing participants with increased economic mobility and financial stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"20-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonizing Progress:: Bridging BioPharma, Technology, Academia, and Healthcare for Advanced Drug Manufacturing.","authors":"Patrick Callahan","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper proposes a quadrilateral approach to advance biopharmaceutical manufacturing by fostering collaboration among biopharma, lab informatics, healthcare systems, and academia. Through a retrospection based on Gary Pisano's analysis and real-world examples like insitro and Spark Therapeutics, we highlight the imperative of continuous process innovation and regulatory collaboration. We emphasize leveraging technological advancements, particularly in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), to catalyze a paradigm shift in drug manufacturing and delivery. The discussion extends to fostering academic and business partnerships, akin to Silicon Valley's ecosystem, and engaging healthcare systems in a more integrated role, exemplified by the advent of point-of-care manufacturing. The paper underscores the unique potential of the State of Delaware to propel forward the biopharma manufacturing space, advocating for a coordinated effort to translate scientific advancements into real healthcare benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI Models and Drug Discovery Within Pharmaceutical Drug Market.","authors":"Bridget Klaus","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This literature review aims to highlight new drug discovery specifically in the United States, and introduce how artificial intelligence can be used to help reduce development time and costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"52-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Lab:: A Hands-On Way for Future Scientists to Engage with CRISPR.","authors":"Amanda Hewes, Sarah LaTorre, Mak Sisson, Deirdre Hake","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Learning Lab serves as a resource for students to come into a laboratory space and work with genomic scientists on cutting-edge CRISPR research. This opportunity was created to reach students with fewer resources in their classroom. We hope to expand this program further in the coming years throughout all of Delaware to further our mission of inclusion and equity in education.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"22-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Methods for Systematic Reviews:: A Rapid Scoping Review.","authors":"Stephanie Roth, Alex Wermer-Colan","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>At the forefront of machine learning research since its inception has been natural language processing, also known as text mining, referring to a wide range of statistical processes for analyzing textual data and retrieving information. In medical fields, text mining has made valuable contributions in unexpected ways, not least by synthesizing data from disparate biomedical studies. This rapid scoping review examines how machine learning methods for text mining can be implemented at the intersection of these disparate fields to improve the workflow and process of conducting systematic reviews in medical research and related academic disciplines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The primary research question that this investigation asked, \"what impact does the use of machine learning have on the methods used by systematic review teams to carry out the systematic review process, such as the precision of search strategies, unbiased article selection or data abstraction and/or analysis for systematic reviews and other comprehensive review types of similar methodology?\" A literature search was conducted by a medical librarian utilizing multiple databases, a grey literature search and handsearching of the literature. The search was completed on December 4, 2020. Handsearching was done on an ongoing basis with an end date of April 14, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 23,190 studies after duplicates were removed. As a result, 117 studies (1.70%) met eligibility criteria for inclusion in this rapid scoping review.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are several techniques and/or types of machine learning methods in development or that have already been fully developed to assist with the systematic review stages. Combined with human intelligence, these machine learning methods and tools provide promise for making the systematic review process more efficient, saving valuable time for systematic review authors, and increasing the speed in which evidence can be created and placed in the hands of decision makers and the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAR T Cells for Treating Severe Atopic Allergic Diseases.","authors":"Ronald P Dudek, Zhengyu Ma","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of allergic diseases is rising rapdly in the US and the world. While antibody drugs and corticosteroids can provide symptom relief, they cannot cure allergic diseases. Described herein is a novel approach to treating severe atopic allergic diseases - chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cells - that target and eliminate the cells that produce the causative agent of all atopic allergic diseases, immunoglubulin E (IgE).</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"12-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Was the 2020 Presidential Election Nerve-Wracking?: Changes in Mental Health Among College Dreamers.","authors":"Sharron Xuanren Wang, Jarid Goodman, J-P Laurenceau","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>U.S. presidential elections can be stressful for many Americans; however, there is little research as to how elections might influence mental health of undocumented immigrants specifically. The 2020 U.S. Presidential Election had the potential to dramatically influence immigration policies with the Democratic candidate promising a pathway toward citizenship for undocumented immigrants who arrived in the U.S. as minors (i.e., dreamers), and the incumbent Republican candidate threatening to terminate the DACA program. Using an online survey method, this exploratory longitudinal study examined whether dreamers' mental health changed following the U.S. presidential election, while also examining risk factors associated with their mental health. We employed GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaires as preclinical screens for anxiety and depression. We found that the mean anxiety and depression scores decreased significantly following the election, i.e., when the democratic candidate was declared the winner. Risk factors for mental health problems also differed before and after the election. Risk factors for depression before the election included being female, Hispanic white, having a low self-reported status on the subjective social ladder, and having high perceived discrimination; risk factors for depression after the election included coming to the U.S. at an older age and high perceived discrimination. Risk factors for anxiety before the election included being female, having more siblings, both parents working, and high perceived discrimination. Risk factors for anxiety after the election included low self-reported status on the subjective social ladder, being a freshman, and high perceived discrimination. Preliminary results suggest that mental health of dreamers improved after the election. In addition, while risk factors differed before and after the election, perceived everyday discrimination remained a consistent risk factor for mental health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 4","pages":"68-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Social Worker in The Care of The Stroke Patient.","authors":"Annamarie McDermott","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.32481/djph.2023.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a leading cause of death and long-term disability, stroke care is a complex endeavor, requiring a coalition of healthcare professionals. As part of a multi-disciplinary team, social workers help the patient to reach individual goals and facilitate their return to and stability in their community at their highest possible functional, social, and economic level.</p>","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 3","pages":"38-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/94/67/djph-93-009.PMC10494799.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10239207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Rehabilitation Interventions for Post-Stroke Populations.","authors":"Meghan Mulhern","doi":"10.32481/djph.2023.08.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2023.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"As of 2023, stroke continues to be one of leading causes of significant long-term disability in the United States.1 Cognitive deficits are a common component of post-stroke sequala, limiting or impacting participation in functional activities of daily living. In addition to having substantial impacts on the individual diagnosed with stroke, family members, caregivers, and society also absorb the impacts of post stroke cognitive impairment in acute and chronic phases of recovery. It is estimated that approximately 60% of individuals have cognitive impairments as a result of stroke in the acute stages of recovery (within one year of their stroke) and those who experience mild severity deficits have the highest occurrence of recovery.2,3","PeriodicalId":72774,"journal":{"name":"Delaware journal of public health","volume":"9 3","pages":"70-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8c/1f/djph-93-012.PMC10494803.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10239209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}