Physical Mesomechanics最新文献

{"title":"Magneto–Mechanical Coupling Performance of Porous Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy","authors":"L. J. Xue,&nbsp;Z. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;X. L. Zhang,&nbsp;J. J. Feng","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925601046","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925601046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Porous Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy (FSMA) has excellent magneto mechanical properties. A micromechanical constitutive model based on the Eshelby equivalent inclusion theory and Mori–Tanaka (M-T) method is established, which can describe and predict the magneto–mechanical coupling behavior of porous FSMA. The numerical results are closer to the Couch’s experimental data, verifying the validity of the established model. The mechanical behavior of porous FSMA with different conditions of magneto–mechanical coupling is investigated. The results show that the maximum reorientation strain increases with the increase of the porosity, and the critical stresses at the beginning and end of the reorientation of porous FSMA increase with the increase of the magnetic field strength. In addition, the characteristics of equivalent elastic modulus, magnetic strain and magnetic stress of porous FSMA are also analyzed. The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for the application of such materials in practical engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 3","pages":"525 - 536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Properties and Fracture Micromechanisms of Austenitic Stainless Steel with Surface Ion–Plasma Hardening","authors":"E. A. Zagibalova,&nbsp;S. V. Astafurov,&nbsp;E. G. Astafurova","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925601277","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925601277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated the mechanical properties, microstructure, and fracture micromechanisms of austenitic stainless steel with a composition of Fe-17Cr-13Ni-1.7Mn-2.7Mo-0.5Si-0.01C (in mass. %), subjected to an ion–plasma treatment at 550°С for 12 hours in a mixture of N₂, C₂H₂ and Ar. The study was carried out under uniaxial tension in a temperature range from 77 to 293 K. During the ion–plasma saturation of the steel with nitrogen and carbon, a compound layer (10–15 μm, Fe₄(N,C), γ_N,C-Fe, Cr(N,C), and α-Fe phases) and a diffusion sublayer (35–45 μm, a solid–solution hardening of austenite by interstitial atoms, <i>a</i>_γN,C = 3.599–3.629 Å) form. It has been shown that surface solid solution hardening of steel with nitrogen and carbon increases thermal and athermal stress components and makes the temperature dependence of an yield strength stronger. Surface hardening changes a shape of “stress–strain” diagrams, increases strain hardening and decreases ductility of the steel in the whole temperature range. It has been established that compound layer undergoes transcrystalline brittle cracking in the early stages of elastic deformation. In the subsurface layer, dislocation pile–ups, dislocation arrays, microbands, microtwins, and stacking faults form during the plastic flow, which all contribute to high strain hardening of the ion–plasma–treated steel. During the room–temperature deformation, subsurface layer fractures by ductile mode. However, an extended region with quasi–cleavage fracture is characteristic of deformation at 77 K. Thus, a ductile-to-brittle transition is realized in the subsurface layer under straining in low–temperature regime. Despite this, the predominantly ductile fracture of the central (untreated) parts of ion–plasma–treated samples provides their high plasticity even at cryogenic temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 3","pages":"502 - 514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-Printed Zn-based Orthopedic Implants: The Effect of Additives on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Degradation Behavior (Review)","authors":"A. D. Kashin,&nbsp;K. A. Prosolov,&nbsp;V. V. Chebodaeva,&nbsp;O. V. Bakina,&nbsp;Y. P. Sharkeev","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925601411","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925601411","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rise of additive manufacturing (AM) has fundamentally transformed the production of patient specific biomedical implants, providing unprecedented flexibility in terms of design and customization. Among biodegradable metals, zinc (Zn) has been recognized as a highly promising material due to its optimal corrosion rate and crucial role in bone metabolism. However, its widespread use is limited by its mechanical drawbacks, such as inadequate strength and ductility, which are critical for load–bearing applications. To overcome these limitations, strategic addition of various elements has been extensively explored. Present review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state–of–the–art in 3D-printed Zn–based implants, with a particular focus on the impact of various additives on their properties. We systematically analyze the influence of key elements including magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), lithium (Li) and others—on the microstructure, mechanical performance, and degradation behavior of 3D-printed Zn-based implants. The review discusses the influence of these additives on the printing processability and the resultant microstructure and properties of the implants, highlighting the mechanisms behind strength enhancement and corrosion modulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 3","pages":"475 - 501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of the Content of Alloying Elements in Titanium Alloys Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–4Al–3V on the Macro- and Microstructure in Wire–Feed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing","authors":"A. V. Chumaevskii,&nbsp;D. A. Guryanov,&nbsp;S. V. Fortuna,&nbsp;N. N. Shamarin,&nbsp;K. S. Osipovich,&nbsp;V. M. Semenchuk,&nbsp;A. I. Amirov,&nbsp;A. O. Panfilov,&nbsp;E. A. Sidorov,&nbsp;A. V. Nikolaeva,&nbsp;Yu. V. Kushnarev,&nbsp;K. V. Rubtsov,&nbsp;S. Yu. Tarasov,&nbsp;A. M. Korsunsky,&nbsp;E. A. Kolubaev","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925601289","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925601289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper outlines the results of investigating the structural arrangement at different scales in additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–4Al–3V titanium alloys. The research indicates that both alloys display a notable anisotropy of structural and mechanical properties that is more pronounced in the alloy with reduced aluminum and vanadium levels. Increasing the alloying element content results in reduced grain size in the titanium alloy and alters its structural and phase characteristics. The development of a complicated structure comprising α₂-Ti₃Al, α''-Ti, and β-Ti phases in the α/β-lath structures results in enhanced strength characteristics of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy in comparison with the Ti–4Al–3V alloy, in which the primary structural elements following printing consist of the α-phase with a minor fraction of β-Ti phase interlayers. The alloys exhibit pronounced anisotropy in their mechanical response during quasistatic tensile tests as well as in fatigue and impact toughness evaluations. In tensile testing, the Ti–4Al–3V alloy samples tested in the diagonal direction display the greatest strength and the lowest ductility, while those tested in the growth direction show the lowest strength and the greatest ductility. The same tendency is also observed with the Ti–6Al–4V alloy, although it is less distinct. Although the average tensile strength of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy samples exceeds that of the Ti–4Al–3V alloy by over 200 MPa and the micro–hardness value by more than 1.0 GPa, the Ti–4Al–3V alloy demonstrates reasonable printability characteristics and can be utilized for producing components via the WEBAM method due to its lower cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 3","pages":"408 - 420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallization Behavior of Amorphous High–Entropy Alloys of the Fe–Co–Ni–Cr–V–B System and its Effect on Microhardness","authors":"A. I. Bazlov,&nbsp;E. V. Ubyivovk,&nbsp;E. N. Zanaeva,&nbsp;M. S. Parkhomenko,&nbsp;N. Yu. Tabachkova","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600235","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper is devoted to the study of crystallization processes and the effect of the phase composition of rapidly quenched high–entropy alloys (Fe_0.25Co_0.25Ni_0.25Cr_0.125V_0.125)_{100–<i>x</i>}B_<i>x</i>, where <i>x</i> = 14, 17, 22 and 25 on microhardness. Using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, the evolution of the structure of the studied alloys during crystallization was established. In alloys with a boron content of 14–17% the formation of a two–phase mixture of FCC and BCC phases, without a residual amorphous matrix, is observed during crystallization. The possibility of forming a boron–supersaturated solid solution with an FCC lattice, which undergoes decomposition at high annealing temperatures with the formation of dispersed particles of Me₃B₂ borides, is demonstrated. Increasing the boron content in the composition leads to the formation of a dispersed eutectic mixture of a boron–supersaturated FCC phase and Me₂₃B₆ boride in the structure during annealing, followed by the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution with Me₃B₂ borides formation. The studied alloys exhibit microhardness of 700–2000 HV, depending on the structural state. It is shown that the formation of Me₃B₂ borides and simultaneous grain growth leads to a decrease in the microhardness of the alloys. The dispersed mixture of a boron–supersaturated FCC phase and Me₂₃B₆ boride ensures maximum microhardness.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 3","pages":"395 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Dynamic Response of Nonlocal FGP Bio-Resonator with Coupled Surface Effects Merging vdW Interaction–Based Interatomic Potentials","authors":"Lamine Elaihar,&nbsp;Hicham Bourouina,&nbsp;Soumia Khouni,&nbsp;Abir Lamari,&nbsp;Brahim Said Djellali,&nbsp;Mohamed Mektout,&nbsp;Yahia Maiza","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600569","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600569","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates adsorption–induced resonance shifts in biomolecule-microresonator systems, accounting for shear distortion, distributed adatoms, and small–scale influences. A dynamic model is formulated for a functionally graded porous (FGP) resonator with a hollow microbeam, integrating surface stress effects. The aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive model for the dynamic behavior of biomolecule–microresonator systems by incorporating multiple coupled effects, including van der Waals (vdW) interactions, magnetic fields, porosity, and perforation. The originality of the work lies in the integration of nonlocal elasticity theory with both Lennard–Jones and Morse potentials within a hollow functionally graded porous sandwich microbeam model, which has not been simultaneously addressed in previous studies. The analysis applies a functional sandwich microbeam framework and a localized biomolecule approach, incorporating van der Waals (vdW) interactions via Lennard–Jones (6–12) and Morse potentials to evaluate all influencing parameters. Adsorption–induced energy is represented through a distributional approach for both bio-receptors and spike proteins. The vibration equations are constructed using the Euler–Bernoulli beam model (EBM) and Levinson beam model (LBM), with solutions derived through the Navier solution method (NSM) and the differential quadrature method (DQM) to determine resonance frequency shifts. Numerical analysis reveals that the frequency shift response is dictated by perforation characteristics, adsorbed adatoms, magnetic field strength, and small–scale effects. Furthermore, the shift is influenced by active surface parameters, receptor-spike interactions, and adatom adsorption, with interatomic forces enhancing the flexibility of the sandwich microsystem. These findings emphasize the necessity of incorporating such interactions in computational models. The proposed approach effectively examines biomolecule–resonator dynamics and determines the mass and density of spikes and viruses in the presence of adatom bonds. Additionally, the study assesses the nonlocal dynamic behavior of adatom–microstructure systems, offering critical insights for refining mass sensing technologies in bio-microelectromechanical systems (Bio–MEMS).</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 3","pages":"537 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and Properties of Ion-Plasma Coatings Based on Transition Metals and Their Nitrides Deposited on the Surface of Beryllium","authors":"N. V. Semenchuk,&nbsp;O. S. Novitskaya","doi":"10.1134/S1029959925600260","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959925600260","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure, phase composition, and tribological properties of coatings deposited on beryllium bronze to enhance its wear resistance were investigated. Composite and gradient Cu - Ti coatings, as well as single-layer and multilayer TiN and CrN / TiN coatings, were examined. It was found that composite and gradient Cu - Ti coatings exhibit a multiphase structure with either a uniform or gradient titanium distribution across the coating cross-section, depending on the ion-plasma spraying parameters. Multilayer CrN / TiN coatings displayed a well-defined layer periodicity, with individual layer thicknesses of 250 nm (16-layer coating) and 125 nm (32-layer coating). The single-layer TiN coating featured a columnar microstructure and had a total thickness of 4 μm. To enhance the adhesion of TiN and CrN coatings to the substrate, a Cu - Ti interlayer was applied, reducing interfacial stresses and improving bond strength. Scratch tests confirmed good adhesion for all coatings, with the coatings sustaining loads ranging from 10 N (single-layer and 16-layer coatings) up to 30 N (CrN coating with a Cu - Ti interlayer). Tribological tests revealed that most coatings wear via a microabrasive friction mechanism, except for the composite and gradient Cu - Ti coatings, which fail through an adhesive-brittle mechanism. The 32 - layer CrN / TiN coating and the coatings with a Cu - Ti interlayer exhibited the highest wear resistance. The findings demonstrate that multilayer architectures and Cu - Ti interlayers significantly enhance the mechanical and tribological properties of beryllium bronze coatings, making them promising for high-load and high-wear applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 2","pages":"240 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mechanically Alloyed Al-Mn-Cu-Zr Alloy","authors":"О. А. Yakovtseva,&nbsp;А. G. Mochugovskiy,&nbsp;E. N. Zanaeva,&nbsp;A. S. Prosviryakov,&nbsp;N. B. Emelina,&nbsp;A. V. Mikhaylovskaya","doi":"10.1134/S1029959924601969","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959924601969","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Development of materials and processing regimes for the enhancement of specific strength is a challenge for the aviation, aerospace and transportation industries. The paper analyzes the evolution of microstructural parameters and mechanical properties of the Al – 5 %Zr – 4 %Mn – 2 %Cu alloy obtained by mechanical alloying with subsequent hot pressing at temperatures between 350 and 450°C. High-energy ball milling for 10 h formed nanostructured granules of aluminum-based solid solution with the grain size of 20–30 nm and microhardness of ~460 HV. After hot pressing and further annealing, grains increased up to ~90 nm, the Al₃Zr, Al₆Mn and Al₂₀Cu₂Mn₃ phases precipitated and the formation of zones free from secretions along the boundaries of the granules. The microhardness of granules after annealing to the compaction temperature decreased to ~300–340 HV, and the hardness of hot-pressed specimens did not exceed 280 HV, which was attributed to residual porosity. The lowest porosity (0.5 %) was found in specimens consolidated at 450°C, the compressive yield stress of which reached ~700 MPa at room temperature and ~170 MPa at 350°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 2","pages":"211 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Rotary Forging on the Structure, Texture, and Properties of Rods Made of a Biocompatible β-alloy Ti-39Nb-7Zr","authors":"G. Zh. Mukanov,&nbsp;V. P. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;A. G. Illarionov,&nbsp;M. A. Zorina,&nbsp;A. V. Korelin,&nbsp;S. I. Stepanov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959924602173","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959924602173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we examined the structure, texture, and mechanical properties of β-alloy Ti-39Nb-7Zr rods following intensive plastic deformation through rotary forging (RF). Finite element method (FEM) simulations revealed an uneven stress distribution within the rods, characterized by predominantly tensile stresses in the core and compressive stresses at the surface. Statistical analysis of orientation microscopy data indicated a microstructural gradient: both the thickness of deformed grains and the size of recrystallized grains decreased from the core to the surface, while the proportion of recrystallized grains increased. The RF process induced a gradient texture, with distinct grain orientations in the central and near-surface areas. An increase in hardness in the near-surface layers was attributed to grain refinement. Taylor factor calculations showed a minor effect of texture on the mechanical properties. The elastic modulus across the rod section remained consistent at 75 ± 1 GPa, suggesting that surface hardening was achieved without altering elastic properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 2","pages":"274 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase Transformations in Two–Phase Fe95Ni05 Alloys with Gradient–Grained Structure under Shock Loading","authors":"A. V. Korchuganov,&nbsp;D. S. Kryzhevich,&nbsp;A. S. Grigoriev,&nbsp;O. A. Berezikov,&nbsp;K. P. Zolnikov","doi":"10.1134/S1029959924602227","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1029959924602227","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A molecular dynamics study of structural and phase changes in bcc single crystals and Fe₉₅Ni₀₅ samples with a two–phase gradient–grained structure under shock loading was performed. Grains of the simulated samples with the fcc lattice contained lamellas with a bcc structure and had a pronounced texture. It was shown that the shock wave profile splits into three fronts, which form three zones with characteristic structural rearrangements: elastic, plastic, and plastic/phase. Differences in the velocities of the three fronts lead to a change in the sizes of the formed zones during shock wave propagation. Thus, the size of the plastic change zone increases due to the lag of the plastic/phase rearrangement front. An increase in the grain size gradient of the sample due to smaller grains leads to a significant decrease in the size of the plastic zone. This behavior is due to the suppression of dislocation nucleation in small grains. It is shown that the orientation of the bcc lattice relative to the direction of the shock loading significantly affects the intensity of phase transformations. When the shock wave propagates along the [110] crystallographic direction, the most active phase transitions occur than for the [111] and [112] orientations. Release waves also initiate phase transformations behind the front of their propagation.</p>","PeriodicalId":726,"journal":{"name":"Physical Mesomechanics","volume":"29 2","pages":"182 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}