Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"New Gerber Baby is Welcome Statement About Inclusion of Persons with Visible Differences","authors":"Jacque Spitzer, D. Sarwer, E. Thomas","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i2.578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i2.578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47279227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turning a Natural Disaster into an Opportunity at Temple University’s Ambler Campus","authors":"Jacque Spitzer, Vicki Mcgarvey","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i2.590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i2.590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43622290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme Weather Preparedness for Institutions of Higher Education","authors":"Jeni A. Stolow, Marissa Cloutier, Amy Freestone, Kathleen Salisbury","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i2.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i2.536","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: On September 1, 2021, a tornado touched down at Temple University’s Ambler, PA campus. The tornado, a byproduct of Hurricane Ida, damaged most of the buildings on the campus, destroyed thousands of academic resources and killed hundreds of irreplaceable trees, plants, and natural resources. The purpose of this study was to identify needs among the Ambler campus community, document the impact of the tornado, and capture student, faculty, and staff perceptions toward disaster preparedness, climate change, and lessons learned for future disaster preparedness. \u0000METHODS: Data were collected in partnership with the Ambler campus community. A Rapid Needs Assessment, influenced by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) CASPER Assessment, was utilized. The needs assessment was comprised of a mixed-method approach via a site visit, an online survey, and in-depth interviews. \u0000RESULTS: A total of 74 survey responses and 20 interviews were collected. Survey and interview respondents included students, faculty, and staff. Findings indicated that participants: felt unprepared for the tornado; experienced a variety of social, professional, mental, and physical impacts; and require additional training, education, and communication for future emergencies and natural disasters. \u0000CONCLUSION: As climate change continues to impact weather patterns, institutions of higher education must prepare for more frequent, more severe, and unprecedented natural disasters. It is time to ensure that (1) campuses have transparent protocols in place for the full spectrum of possible weather events, and (2) that students, faculty, and staff receive comprehensive education, training, and communication about such weather-related events and potential negative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43839118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Acute Online Yoga for Anxiety and Mood States: A Pilot Study","authors":"Emma Soliva, S. Kovacs, K. Fritz","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i2.558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i2.558","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects that an acute bout of online yoga has on anxiety. The secondary purpose was to compare the anxiolytic effects of this study to the effect size reported for the effects of acute in-person yoga (1). METHODS: Eligible participants were randomly assigned to a 30-minute, prerecorded Zoom session of either yoga practice or yoga information. Prior to and following completing the recording, participants completed an online survey assessing anxiety and mood. An effect size (SMD) was calculated and compared to the effect size reported in a meta-analysis (1). RESULTS: Statistically significant group X time interactions were found for anxiety outcomes (intensity, frequency, total) (p<.026) and for POMS tension, fatigue, depression, esteem-related, vigor, and total mood disturbance scores, p<.041. Yoga participants reported a greater reduction in total anxiety and total mood disturbance scores compared to information participants. The SMD anxiety scores in this study was .54 (95% CI, .051-1.034), which is comparable to the effect size previously reported (1) which was .55 (95% CI, .29-.79). CONCLUSION: Acute online yoga was found to reduce anxiety. When compared to in person yoga, online yoga appears to have similar anxiolytic effects.","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49426146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissemination and Implementation Science to Advance Health Equity: An Imperative for Systemic Change.","authors":"Gabriella M McLoughlin, Omar Martinez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovations in public health research and evidence-based interventions targeting chronic and infectious diseases are only effective if they reach their target populations. Individuals from low socioeconomic background, racial and ethnic minorities, and sexual/gender minority communities are most susceptible to chronic diseases such as obesity and cancer, and infectious diseases such as HIV and COVID-19. These disparities are driven by social and structural conditions including stigma and discrimination, housing instability and food insecurity, among others. Accordingly, interventions that aim to improve population health must be targeted toward marginalized communities who are often systematically excluded from decision making processes. This article introduces dissemination and implementation science as a key opportunity to advance health equity through integrating measures and metrics that evaluate if an intervention is successful at improving health outcomes in marginalized populations. Implementation science also provides frameworks to help evaluate the key determinants to implementation success which can inform subsequent health outcomes. Examples of how researchers have engaged with community stakeholders are provided, along with strategies in which dissemination has gone beyond traditional practices. Finally, ways in which universities can build capacity for implementation science as a means to address health disparities are provided with the goal of improving the translation of research to practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9262159/pdf/nihms-1819833.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9295299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissemination and Implementation Science to Advance Health Equity: An Imperative for Systemic Change.","authors":"G. Mcloughlin, O. Martínez","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i2.535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i2.535","url":null,"abstract":"Innovations in public health research and evidence-based interventions targeting chronic and infectious diseases are only effective if they reach their target populations. Individuals from low socioeconomic background, racial and ethnic minorities, and sexual/gender minority communities are most susceptible to chronic diseases such as obesity and cancer, and infectious diseases such as HIV and COVID-19. These disparities are driven by social and structural conditions including stigma and discrimination, housing instability and food insecurity, among others. Accordingly, interventions that aim to improve population health must be targeted toward marginalized communities who are often systematically excluded from decision making processes. This article introduces dissemination and implementation science as a key opportunity to advance health equity through integrating measures and metrics that evaluate if an intervention is successful at improving health outcomes in marginalized populations. Implementation science also provides frameworks to help evaluate the key determinants to implementation success which can inform subsequent health outcomes. Examples of how researchers have engaged with community stakeholders are provided, along with strategies in which dissemination has gone beyond traditional practices. Finally, ways in which universities can build capacity for implementation science as a means to address health disparities are provided with the goal of improving the translation of research to practice.","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47516309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Exercise Training and Conventional Psychotherapies for Adult Depression: A Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nicholas Hooper, Tessa Johnson, Michael Sachs, Alexis Silverio, Lin Zhu, Aisha Bhimla, Logan Teal, Stephanie Roth, Caitlin Lagrotte, Joyce Stravrakis, Frank Arcangelo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>An estimated 3.8% of the global population experiences depression, according to the [2019] WHO report. Evidence supports the efficacy of exercise training (EX) for depression; however, its comparative efficacy to conventional, evidence-supported psychotherapies remains understudied. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of exercise training (EX), behavioral activation therapy (BA), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and non-directive supportive therapy (NDST).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our search was performed in seven relevant databases (inception to March 10, 2020) and targeted randomized trials comparing psychological interventions head-to-head and/or to a treatment as usual (TAU) or waitlist (WL) control for the treatment of adults (18 years or older) with depression. Included trials assessed depression using a validated psychometric tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 28,716 studies, 133 trials with 14,493 patients (mean age of 45.8 years; 71.9% female) were included. All treatment arms significantly outperformed TAU (standard mean difference [SMD] range, -0.49 to -0.95) and WL (SMD range, -0.80 to -1.26) controls. According to surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) probabilities, BA was mostly likely to have the highest efficacy (1.6), followed by CBT (1.9), EX (2.8), and NDST (3.8). Effect size estimates between BA and CBT (SMD = -0.09, 95% CI [-0.50 to 0.31]), BA and EX (-0.22, [-0.68 to 0.24]), and CBT and EX (-0.12, [-0.42 to 0.17]) were very small, suggesting comparable treatment effects of BA, CBT, and EX. With individual comparisons of EX, BA, and CBT to NDST, we found small to moderate effect sizes (0.09 to 0.46), suggesting EX, BA, and CBT may equally outperform NDST.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings provide preliminary yet cautionary support for the clinical use of exercise training for adult depression. High study heterogeneity and lack of sound investigations of exercise must be considered. Continued research is needed to position exercise training as an evidence-based therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10112821/pdf/nihms-1843521.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Exercise Training and Conventional Psychotherapies for Adult Depression: A Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"N. Hooper, Tessa Johnson, M. Sachs, Alexis Silverio, Lin Zhu, Aisha Bhimla, Logan Teal, Stephanie Roth, C. LaGrotte, Joyce Stravrakis, F. Arcangelo","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i2.500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i2.500","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000An estimated 3.8% of the global population experiences depression, according to the [2019] WHO report. Evidence supports the efficacy of exercise training (EX) for depression; however, its comparative efficacy to conventional, evidence-supported psychotherapies remains understudied. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of exercise training (EX), behavioral activation therapy (BA), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and non-directive supportive therapy (NDST).\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Our search was performed in seven relevant databases (inception to March 10, 2020) and targeted randomized trials comparing psychological interventions head-to-head and/or to a treatment as usual (TAU) or waitlist (WL) control for the treatment of adults (18 years or older) with depression. Included trials assessed depression using a validated psychometric tool.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000From 28,716 studies, 133 trials with 14,493 patients (mean age of 45.8 years; 71.9% female) were included. All treatment arms significantly outperformed TAU (standard mean difference [SMD] range, -0.49 to -0.95) and WL (SMD range, -0.80 to -1.26) controls. According to surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) probabilities, BA was mostly likely to have the highest efficacy (1.6), followed by CBT (1.9), EX (2.8), and NDST (3.8). Effect size estimates between BA and CBT (SMD = -0.09, 95% CI [-0.50 to 0.31]), BA and EX (-0.22, [-0.68 to 0.24]), and CBT and EX (-0.12, [-0.42 to 0.17]) were very small, suggesting comparable treatment effects of BA, CBT, and EX. With individual comparisons of EX, BA, and CBT to NDST, we found small to moderate effect sizes (0.09 to 0.46), suggesting EX, BA, and CBT may equally outperform NDST.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions\u0000Findings provide preliminary yet cautionary support for the clinical use of exercise training for adult depression. High study heterogeneity and lack of sound investigations of exercise must be considered. Continued research is needed to position exercise training as an evidence-based therapy.","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46689705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Timely Access to Healthcare and Difficulty Procuring Specialist Care Among Children with and without Anxiety or Depression Disorders","authors":"Jingwei Wu, Andrew Paoletti, C. Delago","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i1.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i1.497","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To examine disparities to access preventive care and specialist care in children with anxiety or depression disorders. \u0000Methods: The population of interest was extracted from the National Survey of Children’s Health 2011/2012 (NSCH 2011/12) data set. The sample included children (0-17 years old) and their caregivers who completed the survey. Data were analyzed from February 2011 to June 2012. Outcome variables included reports for missed or delayed care, and problems procuring specialist care based on parental response to interview questions. Covariates included child/caregiver demographics, insurance status, household employment, and poverty levels. \u0000Findings: A total of 85 536 records were extracted from the NSCH 2011/12 data set. The covariate-adjusted odds (also adjusted as necessary using the correct sampling methods suggested by the NSCH) of having delayed or missed care for a child with anxiety or depression were 2.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83-2.79, p<0.001) times higher than a child without anxiety or depression. The covariate-adjusted odds of the caregiver reporting problems procuring specialist care for a child with anxiety or depression were 1.66 (95% CI, 1.45-1.88, p<0.001) times higher than a child without these diagnoses. \u0000Conclusions: Children with anxiety or depression are less likely to obtain timely preventive care and have problems procuring specialist care. These findings highlight a disparity that requires the attention of healthcare providers and outreach programs.","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48158297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic Needs Insecurity Affects Academic Success and Physical and Emotional Health: How We Can Address It?","authors":"Nicole Hacker","doi":"10.15367/ch.v3i1.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/ch.v3i1.525","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72639,"journal":{"name":"Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41323677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}