Petroleum Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Nanomaterials in Oil and Gas Industry","authors":"Thamer Adnan Abdullah,&nbsp;Adnan Naji Jameel Al-Tamimi,&nbsp;H. S. S. Aljibori,&nbsp;M. N. Mohammed,&nbsp;Oday I. Abdullah,&nbsp;Faiza Meharban,&nbsp;Rashed T. Rasheed,&nbsp;Talib M. Albayati,&nbsp;K. F. Al Azawi,&nbsp;Haitham T. Hussein","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124060240","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124060240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oil and gas industry are a vital sector that plays a crucial role in meeting global energy demands. However, it faces numerous challenges related to operational efficiency, environmental impact, and resource utilization. In recent years, nanomaterials have emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges. Nanomaterials, characterized by their unique properties at the nanoscale, offer opportunities for enhancing various processes within the oil and gas industry. The integration of nanomaterials in the oil and gas industry offers significant potential for enhancing operational efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and optimizing resource utilization. By leveraging the unique properties of nanomaterials, such as their high surface area, reactivity, and tailored functionalities, various processes within the industry can be improved. However, further research is needed to address challenges. Overall, this research article provides a comprehensive review of the applications of nanomaterials in the oil and gas industry. It offers insights into the current state of nanomaterial utilization, identifies challenges and limitations, and outlines future research opportunities. By embracing the potential of nanomaterials, the oil and gas industry can enhance its operational efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and contribute to a sustainable energy future.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 8","pages":"923 - 930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Sand Product in the First Period of Production/Case Study of the Asmari Reservoir","authors":"Jassim M. Al Said Naji,&nbsp;Ghassan H. Abdul-Majeed,&nbsp;Ali K. Alhuraishawy,&nbsp;Fadhil S. Kadhim,&nbsp;Ghazwan N. S. Jreou,&nbsp;Ali Al Mashat","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124070181","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124070181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sand production is a global issue that arises in fields that produce from sandstone reservoirs. Integrated sand production management needs sequential steps for optimizing and controlling process. The present paper is dealt with prediction of reservoir ability to produce sand at the first period of production and determine whether or not sand production control mechanisms are necessary. The constructed model was for Iraqi <i>X</i>4 well that produced from the Asmari reservoir in southern Iraq. Pore pressure measurements, reports, core test results, and well logs were the data used to perform the model. The Asmari reservoir was categorized into six layers (<i>A</i>, <i>B</i>1, <i>B</i>2, <i>B</i>3, <i>B</i>4, and <i>C</i>) based on the previous evaluation process. The <i>X</i>4 well was actually completed by sand screens down to the bottom hole before the well was opened to production. The methodology of the present paper was divided into three parts: To begin, the 1D mechanical earth model (MEM) is built by determining the principal stresses, pore pressure, elastic rock properties, and strength rock properties. Second, the outputs of (1D MEM) were used to compute the critical drawdown pressure (CDDP). According to the computed CDDP, four depths (3055, 3082, 3107, and 3133 meters) have the ability to produce sand at varying depilation rates (0, 15, 25, and 35%). The actual perforation interval of the <i>X</i>4 well existed within the same sanding likelihood interval. Finally, a single depth analysis was carried out for a depth of 3046.16 m. The result of single depth analysis plot was showed that there is no need to used sand screen at first period of production and well <i>X</i>4 can be producing until the pore pressure depletes to 2850 psi and bottom hole pressure to 1100 psi. The most essential feature of the offered results is the economic side, as sanding prevention tools and operations are expensive, thus employing them must be done after consulting with experts.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 8","pages":"1023 - 1030"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study the Influence of Sulfur Content and Pressure Gradient for Iraqi Crude Oil Discharge through Pipelines","authors":"Anwar N. Mohammed Ali,&nbsp;Ramzy S. Hamied,&nbsp;Khalid A. Sukkar,&nbsp;Zaidoon M. Shakor","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124070090","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124070090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Crude oils are a complex mixture of hundreds of different volatile hydrocarbon molecules and organic materials in the liquid phase accompanied by elemental compounds and contaminants. In the present work, sulfur content influence variations on velocity flow (Reynolds number) of different Iraqi crude oil fields (Refinery of Diwaniya, East Baghdad, and Thi-Qar), and pressure gradient (<i>dp</i>) on the pump power, power loses and the crude oil flow rate have been evaluated. Further, energy losses and the total discharge are appraised to state the feasibility of using desulfurization unit’s in the oil fields. All the experiments have used different API crude oil, with the studied at the oil field surface pipelines sections connecting operating at different sulfur content % and taking the pressure gradient of (2, 4, and 6 kg/cm²), at constant temperature of 28.9°C, and with a constant 4 in pipe diameter. When the sulfur content increases results show that the three types of crude oils (Refinery of Diwaniya, east Baghdad, and Thi-Qar oil fields) the total pumping energy rises when the flow rate becomes smaller through the pipeline, while small influence for energy losses. The increasing pressure gradient (this means that differential pressure was increased), there was more flow rate and with the same behavior vis sulfur content. There is a direct proportion between the flow rate and the pressure differential. Greater flow rates produced from higher pressure differences, as the high-pressure gradient in the line consumes energy must also be large. Also expected that when increasing the sulfur content in the field especially for high percentage (2.1%) in the crude oil will decrease the flow rate and increase the pump power, power losses therefore adding unit to treatment the sulfur very important economically to avoid this entire problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 8","pages":"1031 - 1038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superhydrophobic Graphene Aerogel as a New Oil Sorbent","authors":"D. A. Sandzhieva,&nbsp;S. A. Baskakov,&nbsp;B. V. Ubushaeva,&nbsp;O. V. Kuznetsova,&nbsp;V. M. Buznik,&nbsp;A. G. Dedov","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124070168","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124070168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New oil sorbents, superhydrophobic aerogels of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), were developed. The rGO/PTFE aerogels of 2 : 3, 1 : 1, and 3 : 2 compositions were prepared as granules and blocks with contact angles larger than 160°. The rGO/PTFE (2 : 3) granules and the block of the same composition exhibit the highest sorption capacity for crude oil: 26 and 58.5 g/g, respectively. A procedure was suggested for utilization of the oil-loaded aerogels by distillation of low-boiling fractions and pressing of the aerogel to obtain a hydrophobic additive to asphalt concrete mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 11","pages":"1317 - 1326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SiO2 Aerogels Prepared Using Different Solvents","authors":"L. A. Polevoy,&nbsp;D. A. Sandzhieva,&nbsp;A. E. Baranchikov,&nbsp;M. V. Golikova,&nbsp;S. Yu. Kottsov,&nbsp;T. V. Khamova,&nbsp;B. V. Ubushaeva,&nbsp;V. M. Buznik,&nbsp;A. G. Dedov","doi":"10.1134/S096554412407017X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S096554412407017X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using various solvents (dioxane, <i>n</i>-butanol, isopropanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide), the cogelation of methyltrimethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane in a molar ratio of 1 : 1 was carried out. The resulting gels were dried in supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain SiO₂ aerogels, which possessed specific surface areas of 1000–1500 m²/g, apparent densities of 0.055–0.095 g/cm³, and porosities of 95–99%. Comparative analysis of the properties of the aerogels revealed that the type of the solvent used during the sol-gel synthesis significantly impacted the textural characteristics of the materials. Specifically, the use of highly polar solvents (acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide) resulted in materials with high specific pore volumes (17–18 cm³/g), whereas low-polar solvents (dioxane) yielded materials with lower specific pore volumes (less than 12 cm³/g). The adsorption capacity of the obtained aerogels with respect to heavy oil was determined to be 6–14 g/g. The impact of the dielectric constant and Hansen solubility parameters of the solvent on the properties of SiO₂-based aerogels are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 11","pages":"1306 - 1316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidation of Hydrocarbons with H2O2/O2 Catalyzed by Osmium Complexes in Acetonitrile","authors":"L. S. Shul’pina,&nbsp;N. S. Ikonnikov,&nbsp;Yu. V. Nelubina,&nbsp;Yu. N. Kozlov,&nbsp;M. M. Vinogradov","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124060227","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124060227","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ten osmium complexes containing polypyridine and cyclometalated ligands have been studied as catalysts for the oxidation of alkanes. The complexes effectively catalyze the oxygenation of alkanes (cyclohexane, <i>n</i>-heptane, methylcyclohexane, hydrogen peroxide in acetonitrile solution in air at 60°C in the presence of silver salts as the co-catalysts. Alkanes are oxidized mainly to alkyl hydroperoxides, which are easily reduced by PPh₃ to the corresponding alcohols. The oxygenation of cyclohexane catalyzed by osmium complexes used at a low concentration (2.5 × 10^–4 M) gave the maximum yield of oxidation products of 35% in the case of complex (ttpy)₂OsCl₃ (ttpy = 4′-(<i>p</i>-tolyl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine). The measurement of regio- and bond selectivity parameters for the oxidation of linear and branched alkanes, kinetic analysis of the dependence of the initial rate of cyclohexane oxidation on concentration alkane and analysis of the competitive oxidation of cyclohexane and <i>n</i>-hexane indicates that oxidation induces the interaction of the osmyl-oxo complex with the substrate. The structure of a new cyclometalated complex [(η⁶-cymene)Os(bq)(MeCN)](PF₆) (bqH = 7,8-benzoquinoline) was determined by SC-XRA.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 11","pages":"1266 - 1275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons in Oil and Its Processing Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography","authors":"S. V. Egazar’yants,&nbsp;A. M. Dubiniak,&nbsp;L. A. Kulikov","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124060173","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124060173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The initial information for calculating the physical, chemical, and operational properties of gasoline is data on its group composition. The complex composition of gasoline fractions (according to capillary gas chromatography (CGC), comprising about 150–250 components) greatly complicates the rapid determination and identification of unsaturated hydrocarbons, which are the most important part of gasoline. As a rule, it is not possible to achieve complete separation of chromatographic peaks even on highly efficient 100-meter capillary columns. Poor reproducibility of the properties of capillary columns requires a large number of comparison samples, which complicates the identification of the separated components. A combination of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and CGC methods allows simplifying the methodology and increasing the accuracy and rapidity of the analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 11","pages":"1300 - 1305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Al2O3 Content in Pelletized SAPO-11 Molecular Sieves on Their Physicochemical Properties, Activity, and Selectivity in Hydroisomerization of n-Hexadecane","authors":"D. V. Serebrennikov,&nbsp;A. R. Zabirov,&nbsp;R. Z. Kuvatova,&nbsp;D. O. Bagdanova,&nbsp;A. I. Malunov,&nbsp;O. S. Travkina,&nbsp;B. I. Kutepov,&nbsp;M. R. Agliullin","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124060197","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124060197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The physicochemical properties of a series of pelletized SAPO-11 molecular sieves differing in the binder (Al₂O₃) content were characterized; their activity and selectivity were investigated in the hydroisomerization of <i>n</i>-hexadecane. An increase in the binder content from 20 to 60 wt % was found to decrease the specific micropore volume and increase the external specific surface area as well as the mechanical strength, activity, and selectivity of Pt-containing samples in the hydroisomerization of <i>n</i>-hexadecane. The study proposes the formulations of pelletized SAPO-11 that ensure mechanical (axial crushing) strength of 9.9 to 15.1 N/mm² and the yield of C₁₆ isomers up to 78% in the hydroisomerization of <i>n</i>-hexadecane.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 9","pages":"1122 - 1129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition of Sulfur-Containing Components of Crude Oils from the Volga–Ural Petroleum and Gas Province: a Study by Various Mass Spectrometric Methods","authors":"M. B. Smirnov,&nbsp;N. A. Vanyukova,&nbsp;Zh. E. Starkova,&nbsp;Yu. S. Glyaznetsova,&nbsp;A. Yu. Kanat’eva,&nbsp;R. S. Borisov","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124060215","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124060215","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The composition of sulfur-containing compounds present in a representative set of crude oils from the Volga–Ural petroleum and gas province was studied by two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection and by ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure photoionization. The sulfur-containing aromatic compounds have a large set of isomers differing in the positions of alkyl substituents. A correlation analysis of the intensity distribution of sulfur-containing ion peaks in the mass spectra recorded with atmospheric pressure photoionization suggests different formation pathways of different classes of sulfur-containing compounds. These compounds can be subdivided into four groups within each of which the initial compounds and formation mechanisms are similar.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"65 6","pages":"644 - 653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterocene Catalysts for Copolymerization of Hex-1-ene and Polar Vinyl Monomers","authors":"G. I. Sadrtdinova,&nbsp;V. I. Ovchinnikova,&nbsp;P. D. Komarov,&nbsp;S. O. Ilyin,&nbsp;Alexander A. Vinogradov,&nbsp;Alexey A. Vinogradov,&nbsp;P. V. Ivchenko,&nbsp;I. E. Nifant’ev","doi":"10.1134/S0965544124060161","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0965544124060161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper proposes a series of promising Zr(IV) complexes and experimentally confirms that, when activated with minimal amounts of modified metylaluminoxane MMAO-12 ([Al]/[Zr] ~20–40), these complexes are able to initiate copolymerization of hex-1-ene with polar vinyl monomers FG-(CH₂)₈CH=CH₂ [where FG is a functional group selected from C(O)NMe₂, CH₂OSiMe₃, C(O)O^<i>i</i>Pr, and CH₂OH]. The prepared copolymers were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry. Isotactic copolymers of hex-1-ene with 10-undecen-1-ol with polar comonomer content up to 32.2 mol % have been synthesized for the first time. An investigation of the adhesive properties of the prepared copolymers has shown that incorporating 10-undecen-1-ol enhances the adhesive fracture energy by a factor of 32 compared to the respective homopolymer.</p>","PeriodicalId":725,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry","volume":"64 11","pages":"1253 - 1265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}