Cholesterol最新文献_第5页

Use of Lipid-Lowering Medications and the Likelihood of Achieving Optimal LDL-Cholesterol Goals in Coronary Artery Disease Patients. 冠心病患者使用降脂药物和达到最佳ldl -胆固醇目标的可能性

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/861924

Dean G Karalis, Brett Victor, Lilian Ahedor, Longjian Liu

{"title":"Use of Lipid-Lowering Medications and the Likelihood of Achieving Optimal LDL-Cholesterol Goals in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.","authors":"Dean G Karalis, Brett Victor, Lilian Ahedor, Longjian Liu","doi":"10.1155/2012/861924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/861924","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In clinical practice, most coronary artery disease patients are not achieving their recommend LDL-cholesterol goal of <70 mg/dL. Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of outpatient electronic health records and the most recent lipid profile, lipid-lowering medications and doses were collected. Results. We identified 9950 coronary artery disease patients. Only 37% on a statin alone achieved an LDL-cholesterol of <70 mg/dL, and most were on moderate-to-high-potency statins. The intensity of statin therapy did not improve LDL-cholesterol goal attainment. Among patients on combination therapy, 41% on statin plus ezetimibe and 46% on statin plus niacin achieved an LDL-cholesterol of <70 mg/dL (P = 0.01 and <0.0001 versus statin alone). If patients were switched to a high-potency statin LDL-cholesterol goal attainment of <70 mg/dL would increase to 46% and would increase up to 72% with combination therapy. Conclusions. Most coronary artery disease patients in clinical practice do not attain an LDL-cholesterol of <70 mg/dL, even among patients on high potency statins. The combination of statin plus either ezetimibe or niacin is the most effective regimen to achieve an LDL-cholesterol of <70 mg/dL, however, these drug combinations are used infrequently in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"861924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/861924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9432586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 60

Macronutrient intake influences the effect of 25-hydroxy-vitamin d status on metabolic syndrome outcomes in african american girls. 大量营养素摄入影响25-羟基维生素d状态对非裔美国女孩代谢综合征结局的影响。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/581432

Anna L Newton, Lynae J Hanks, Ambika P Ashraf, Elizabeth Williams, Michelle Davis, Krista Casazza

{"title":"Macronutrient intake influences the effect of 25-hydroxy-vitamin d status on metabolic syndrome outcomes in african american girls.","authors":"Anna L Newton, Lynae J Hanks, Ambika P Ashraf, Elizabeth Williams, Michelle Davis, Krista Casazza","doi":"10.1155/2012/581432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/581432","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives were to determine the effect of macronutrient modification on vitamin D status and if change in 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentration influences components of metabolic syndrome in obese African American girls. Methods. Five-week intervention using reduced CHO (43% carbohydrate; 27% fat: SPEC) versus standard CHO (55% carbohydrate; 40% fat: STAN) eucaloric diet. Subjects were 28 obese African American females, aged 9-14 years. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and meal test were performed at baseline and five weeks. Results. Approximately 30% of girls had metabolic syndrome. Serum 25OHD increased in both groups at five weeks [STAN: 20.3 ± 1.1 to 22.4 ± 1.1 (P < 0.05) versus SPEC: 16.1 ± 1.0 to 16.8 ± 1.0 (P = 0.05)]. The STAN group, increased 25OHD concentration over five weeks (P < 0.05), which was positively related to triglycerides (P < 0.001) and inversely associated with total cholesterol (P < 0.001) and LDL (P < 0.001). The SPEC group, had increase in 25OHD (P = 0.05), which was positively related to fasting insulin (P < 0.001) and insulin sensitivity while inversely associated with fasting glucose (P < 0.05). The contribution of vitamin D status to metabolic syndrome parameters differs according to macronutrient intake. Improvement in 25OHD may improve fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, and LDL; however, macronutrient intake warrants consideration.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"581432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/581432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9744224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Assessment of metformin as an additional treatment to therapeutic lifestyle changes in pediatric patients with metabolic syndrome. 评估二甲双胍作为儿科代谢综合征患者治疗性生活方式改变的额外治疗。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/961410

Rebecca M Raub, Stanley J Goldberg

{"title":"Assessment of metformin as an additional treatment to therapeutic lifestyle changes in pediatric patients with metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Rebecca M Raub, Stanley J Goldberg","doi":"10.1155/2012/961410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/961410","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the effectiveness of metformin and therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLCs) in a clinical setting, compared to TLC alone in adolescents with metabolic syndrome (MS). Methodology. This study was a retrospective trial consisting of 60 patients, aged 8-18 years, who were treated for MS at an outpatient clinic. Two groups were formed: the metformin group (M group) and the control group (C group). The M group had been given metformin along with TLC, and the C group had been given TLC alone. Several outcome measures were obtained; the main outcome measure was measuring the change in percentile and z-score of weight and BMI. Results. There were no significant differences between the two groups at the conclusion of the study, except for height percentile (P = 0.02) and z-score (P = 0.03). Both groups showed promising significant intragroup decreases in weight z-score but BMI percentile and z-score were only significantly decreased in the M group. Conclusion. Metformin at an average dose of 1033 mg, when added to TLC, did not show any clinically important efficacy compared to TLC alone in a pediatric population with MS. However, both groups made significant changes in a positive direction, which may be solely due to TLC.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"961410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/961410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9375112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Lipoprotein(a): Cellular Effects and Molecular Mechanisms. 脂蛋白(a):细胞效应和分子机制。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/923289

Kirsten Riches, Karen E Porter

引用次数: 59

Effects of Diet, Aerobic Exercise, or Both on Non-HDL-C in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 饮食、有氧运动或两者对成人非hdl - c的影响:随机对照试验的荟萃分析

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/840935

George A Kelley, Kristi S Kelley

{"title":"Effects of Diet, Aerobic Exercise, or Both on Non-HDL-C in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"George A Kelley, Kristi S Kelley","doi":"10.1155/2012/840935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/840935","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of diet (D), aerobic exercise (E), or both (DE) on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in adults. Methods. Randomized controlled trials in adults ≥18 years of age were included. A mixed-effect model was used to combine effect size (ES) results within each subgroup and to compare subgroups (Q(b)). Heterogeneity was examined using the Q and I(2) statistics, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05, while a trend for statistical significance was set between P > 0.05, and ≤0.10. Results. A statistically significant exercise minus control group decrease in non-HDL-C was found for DE (7 ESs, 389 participants, [Formula: see text] mg/dL, 95% CI = -21.7 to -0.6, P = 0.04, Q = 2.4, P = 0.88, I(2) = 0%), a trend for the D group (7 ESs, 402 participants, [Formula: see text] mg/dL, 95% CI = -18.6 to 1.6, P = 0.10, Q = 0.76, P = 0.99, I(2) = 0%), and no change for the E group (7 ESs, 387 participants, [Formula: see text] mg/dL, 95% CI = -7.1 to 13.1, P = 0.56, Q = 0.78, P = 0.99, I(2) = 0%). Overall, no statistically significant between-group differences were found (Q(b) = 4.1, P = 0.12). Conclusions. Diet combined with aerobic exercise may reduce non-HDL-C among adults in some settings.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"840935"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/840935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9380971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with spinal cord lesion in Thailand. 泰国脊髓病变患者血脂异常的患病率。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/847462

Ratana Vichiansiri, Jittima Saengsuwan, Nuttaset Manimmanakorn, Sirasaporn Patpiya, Arayawichanon Preeda, Kharmwan Samerduen, Ekasit Poosiripinyo

{"title":"The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with spinal cord lesion in Thailand.","authors":"Ratana Vichiansiri, Jittima Saengsuwan, Nuttaset Manimmanakorn, Sirasaporn Patpiya, Arayawichanon Preeda, Kharmwan Samerduen, Ekasit Poosiripinyo","doi":"10.1155/2012/847462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/847462","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia in 90 patients with spinal cord lesion (SCL) of duration greater than 2 years. The study was carried out from November 2007 to September 2008. Methods. Clinical history, physical examination, and lipid profiles were recorded and analyzed. Dyslipidemia was assessed using guidelines from the National Cholesterol Education Project Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Results. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in at least one lipid parameter was 76.7%. The most frequent finding was low HDL-C (58.9%). Hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and high LDL-C were found in 28.9%, 26.7% and 21.1% of patients, respectively. The factors sex = male and age ≥45 years were associated with high LDL-C (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Patients who exercised less than 30 minutes per day had associated hypercholesterolemia (P < 0.01), hypertriglyceridemia (P < 0.01), and higher LDL-C (P < 0.05). Patients with BMI ≥23 kg/m(2) had associated hypercholesterolemia and high LDL-C. Age was a significant determinant of high LDL-C. BMI was the most powerful and significant determinant of hypercholesterolemia and high LDL-C. Conclusion. SCL patients should have a regular lipid checkup, especially those patients having the following risk factors: males, age ≥45 years, BMI ≥23 kg/m(2) and exercise duration <30 minutes per day.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"847462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/847462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9728915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Determinants of childhood obesity in representative sample of children in north East of iran. 伊朗东北部儿童代表性样本中儿童肥胖的决定因素。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/875163

Fereshteh Baygi, Ahmad Reza Dorosty, Roya Kelishadi, Mostafa Qorbani, Hamid Asayesh, Morteza Mansourian, Kamal Mirkarimi

{"title":"Determinants of childhood obesity in representative sample of children in north East of iran.","authors":"Fereshteh Baygi, Ahmad Reza Dorosty, Roya Kelishadi, Mostafa Qorbani, Hamid Asayesh, Morteza Mansourian, Kamal Mirkarimi","doi":"10.1155/2012/875163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/875163","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood obesity has become, a global public health problem, and epidemiological studies are important to identify its determinants in different populations. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with obesity in a representative sample of children in Neishabour, Iran. This study was conducted among 1500 randomly selected 6-12-year-old students from urban areas of Neishabour, northeast of Iran. Then, through a case-control study, 114 obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile of Iranian reference) children were selected as the case group and were compared with 102 controls (15th ≤ BMI < 85th percentile). Factors suggested to be associated with weight status were investigated, for example, parental obesity, child physical activity levels, socio-economic status (SES), and so forth. The analysis was conducted using univariate and multivariate logistic regression (MLR) in SPSS version 16. In univariate logistic regression model, birth weight, birth order, family extension, TV watching, sleep duration, physical activity, parents' job, parents' education, parental obesity history, and SES were significantly associated with children's obesity. After MLR analysis, physical activity and parental obesity history remained statistically significant in the model. Our findings showed that physical activity and parental obesity history are the most important determinants for childhood obesity in our population. This finding should be considered in implementation of preventive interventions.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"875163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/875163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9744227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Pediatric metabolic syndrome: from prevention to treatment. 小儿代谢综合征:从预防到治疗。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/374168

Roya Kelishadi, Parinaz Poursafa, Sarah D de Ferranti, Peter Schwandt, Khosrow Adeli, Altan Onat, Samuel S Gidding

引用次数: 7

Cholesterol: its regulation and role in central nervous system disorders. 胆固醇:在中枢神经系统疾病中的调节和作用。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/292598

Matthias Orth, Stefano Bellosta

{"title":"Cholesterol: its regulation and role in central nervous system disorders.","authors":"Matthias Orth, Stefano Bellosta","doi":"10.1155/2012/292598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/292598","url":null,"abstract":"Cholesterol is a major constituent of the human brain, and the brain is the most cholesterol-rich organ. Numerous lipoprotein receptors and apolipoproteins are expressed in the brain. Cholesterol is tightly regulated between the major brain cells and is essential for normal brain development. The metabolism of brain cholesterol differs markedly from that of other tissues. Brain cholesterol is primarily derived by de novo synthesis and the blood brain barrier prevents the uptake of lipoprotein cholesterol from the circulation. Defects in cholesterol metabolism lead to structural and functional central nervous system diseases such as Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, Niemann-Pick type C disease, and Alzheimer's disease. These diseases affect different metabolic pathways (cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid transport and lipoprotein assembly, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein receptors, and signaling molecules). We review the metabolic pathways of cholesterol in the CNS and its cell-specific and microdomain-specific interaction with other pathways such as the amyloid precursor protein and discuss potential treatment strategies as well as the effects of the widespread use of LDL cholesterol-lowering drugs on brain functions.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"292598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/292598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9368137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 263

Gender Differences Time Trends for Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Tehranian Children and Adolescents. 德黑兰儿童和青少年代谢综合征及其组成部分的性别差异和时间趋势。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2012/804643

Maryam Barzin, Farhad Hosseinpanah, Hamidreza Saber, Parvin Sarbakhsh, Kobra Nakhoda, Fereidoun Azizi

{"title":"Gender Differences Time Trends for Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Tehranian Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Maryam Barzin, Farhad Hosseinpanah, Hamidreza Saber, Parvin Sarbakhsh, Kobra Nakhoda, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1155/2012/804643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/804643","url":null,"abstract":"Aims. To investigate the trend of metabolic syndrome and its components in Tehran children and adolescents during a median followup of 6.6 years. Methods. Data from 1999-2001 (phase I), 2002-2005 (phase II), and 2006-2008 (phase III) of the Tehran, Lipid and Glucose Study were analyzed (n = 5439; age 6-18 years) for the trend of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. General estimation equation (GEE) models were used to analyze this correlated data. Results. The crude prevalence of MetS for boys at baseline was 13.2%, which increased to 16.4% in the third phase. In girls, the prevalence of Mets decreased from 11.8% at baseline to 6% during followup. The odd ratios (OR) of obesity over the whole study period were raised in both sexes. The OR of abdominal obesity increased significantly in boys, but no change was observed in girls. No significant OR was observed in boys, while OR for MetS was shown to have a decreasing trend in girls during the followup. In the three time points, the ORs of MetS decreased significantly in girls but no significant difference was observed in boys. Conclusion. Inspite of increasing trend for obesity in both sexes, the trend of MetS decreased in girls and was relatively stable in boys, in Tehranian children, and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2012 ","pages":"804643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/804643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9375077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23