{"title":"Cover Picture: Analysis of Macromolecular Size Distributions in Concentrated Solutions (Chem. Methods 12/2024)","authors":"Dr. Sumit K. Chaturvedi, Dr. Peter Schuck","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202481201","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202481201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>The Front Cover</b> shows Wiener skewing in sedimentation velocity boundary of highly concentrated macromolecular solutions. The transient refractive index gradient produces an optical aberration that can be recognized by the displacement of the Rayleigh interference optical baseline features associated with the migrating refractive index gradient. The red lines represent two select baseline blips with best-fit translation and slope. Global analysis of the translation versus slope data reveals the magnitude of Wiener skewing, which then can be modeled in the sedimentation analysis. More information can be found in the Research Article by Sumit K. Chaturvedi and Peter Schuck (DOI: 10.1002/cmtd.202400035).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202481201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioana-Georgeta Grosu, Dinu Iuga, Ben P. Tatman, Maria O. Miclaus, Steven P. Brown, Claudiu Filip
{"title":"Salt/Co-Crystal Discrimination Made Easy by 17O Solid-State NMR","authors":"Ioana-Georgeta Grosu, Dinu Iuga, Ben P. Tatman, Maria O. Miclaus, Steven P. Brown, Claudiu Filip","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400022","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A <sup>17</sup>O solid-state NMR method for salt/co-crystal discrimination in binary compounds of carboxylic acids is presented. The method incorporates a quick and relatively inexpensive labelling protocol for mechanochemical <sup>17</sup>O enrichment of the carboxyl oxygen positions, as previously described by Metro et al. Angew. Chem. 2017, 56, 6803, followed by a visual interpretation of the recorded <sup>17</sup>O solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra in terms of the nature of the enriched oxygen sites in the prepared binary compound. Care must be taken where variable-temperature changes in the <sup>17</sup>O MAS spectra are observed. Nevertheless, we observe that, at low temperatures, the averaging effect of chemical exchange of the carboxyl/carboxylate moieties can be avoided and two well separated <sup>17</sup>O lines are obtained for a carboxylic acid, whereas the almost equivalent carboxylate oxygen sites give rise to a single NMR signal. The method is illustrated in two cases, one in which salts can be identified also from their <sup>1</sup>H solid-state NMR spectra by the absence of high ppm resonances due to hydrogen bonding, and another one, the more general case of organic crystals with multiple hydrogen bonding, where only <sup>17</sup>O solid-state NMR spectra can be employed for salt/co-crystal discrimination. A quantitative analysis of <sup>17</sup>O solid-state NMR spectral parameters can provide useful information in structural studies by NMR crystallography approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachita Rana, Jiyun Hong, Adam S. Hoffman, Baraa Werghi, Simon R. Bare, Ambarish R. Kulkarni
{"title":"Quantifying the Site Heterogeneities of Non-Uniform Catalysts Using QuantEXAFS","authors":"Rachita Rana, Jiyun Hong, Adam S. Hoffman, Baraa Werghi, Simon R. Bare, Ambarish R. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present the Multi-site (MS) QuantEXAFS approach, designed to model the EXAFS data from samples containing an element in different local bonding geometries. Building upon our QuantEXAFS method, which maps experimental extended X-ray absorption fine structures (EXAFS) data to DFT-optimized structures, MS-QuantEXAFS introduces the key capability to probe fractional contributions of multiple sites that may be present in an experimental sample. Specifically, we demonstrate effectiveness of this technique by investigating mixed samples containing known fractions of site-isolated subsurface Pt/MgO with Pt nanoparticles uniformly supported on MgO. The ‘site-fractions’ obtained through MS-QuantEXAFS closely match (i. e., ±6%) the known fractions of the physically mixed samples. This approach has been generalized to other oxides, and thus represents an important advance in quantifying the speciation of non-uniform catalyst samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Murat Cihan Sorkun, Baptiste Saliou, Dr. Süleyman Er
{"title":"ChemPrice, a Python Package for Automated Chemical Price Search","authors":"Dr. Murat Cihan Sorkun, Baptiste Saliou, Dr. Süleyman Er","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The open-access movement in chemistry has led to a surge in publicly accessible data repositories such as PubChem and ChemSpider, housing more than 100 million chemical compounds. These repositories are invaluable for large-scale virtual screening but lack crucial pricing information, a vital economic aspect influencing commercial decisions. Currently, these databases merely provide hyperlinks to vendor websites for pricing details, necessitating manual exploration due to the diverse structures of vendor websites, making automated data extraction impractical. To tackle this challenge, we introduce ChemPrice, a Python package that streamlines the collection of pricing data through the integration of ChemSpace, Mcule, and Molport platforms that provide up-to-date price information from over 100 suppliers. ChemPrice standardizes pricing units, offering consolidated and best-pricing information for specified compounds. Its modular design facilitates integration into automated virtual screening workflows, and a user-friendly web interface caters to those with limited coding skills, enabling easy compound list uploading and pricing data retrieval. This innovation addresses the complexity of collecting compound prices and enables integration into the virtual screening code workflows, providing a valuable resource for a wide community of users seeking comprehensive and up-to-date pricing information to enhance their decision-making processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Thibaud Aumond, Dr. Martin Esteves, Dr. Cristian Mocuta, Dr. Isabelle Batonneau-Gener, Dr. Julien Haines, Dr. Ricardo Faccio, Dr. Alexander Sachse
{"title":"In situ X-Ray Powder Diffraction Investigation on the Development of Zeolite-Templated Carbons in FAU Zeolite","authors":"Dr. Thibaud Aumond, Dr. Martin Esteves, Dr. Cristian Mocuta, Dr. Isabelle Batonneau-Gener, Dr. Julien Haines, Dr. Ricardo Faccio, Dr. Alexander Sachse","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A time resolved <i>in situ</i> X-ray powder diffraction study using synchrotron radiation allowed for describing the evolution of the zeolite <b>FAU</b> structure during the development of a zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) in its porous voids. During the ZTC formation the intensity decrease of most zeolite reflections and the simultaneous rise in intensity of the 222 reflection (of null intensity in the pristine zeolite) was observed. Full pattern profile fitting by Rietveld refinement allowed for achieving a detailed description of the underlying chemistry, with coincident pore filling with carbon atoms in specific positions and framework distortion. Monitoring the intensity profiles of the 222 reflection allowed assessment of the energetics of the ZTC formation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the phenomena involved on the atomic scale in ZTC synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MSc. Kristoffer Mega Herdlevær, MSc. Kasper Strandengen, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Camilla Løhre, Prof. Dr. Tanja Barth
{"title":"Determination of Sugar Concentrations in Aqueous Solution Using Multivariate Predictions Based on 1H-NMR Spectroscopy","authors":"MSc. Kristoffer Mega Herdlevær, MSc. Kasper Strandengen, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Camilla Løhre, Prof. Dr. Tanja Barth","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Renewable chemicals from carbohydrate-rich wastes, like furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), are gaining prominence as alternatives to petroleum-based resources. Assessing the suitability of biomass as feedstock for furfural and HMF production requires knowledge of its composition. This study focuses on developing and validating predictive models for individual sugar concentrations in hydrolysates using quantitative 1H NMR data. Utilizing partial least square (PLS) regression, the dataset includes 137 NMR spectra of multi-component sugar standards (arabinose, fructose, galactose, glucose, mannose, maltose, sucrose, and xylose). The best-performing model achieved an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.987–0.999 and RMSECV of 0.37–1.56 mM and is based on the non-overlapping area of the NMR spectrum. Real-world samples were used for validation, resulting in predicted sugar concentrations with a mean standard deviation of 0.5 mM. This high accuracy and streamlined analysis process make these models practical for quantifying large sample sets, showcasing the reliability and accessibility of extracting statistical information from H-NMR data.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felix Ott, Dr. Gudrun Gygli, Dr. Kersten S. Rabe, Prof. Dr. Christof M. Niemeyer
{"title":"Towards Precision Biocatalysis – Leveraging Inline NMR for Autonomous Experimentation in Flow Reactors","authors":"Felix Ott, Dr. Gudrun Gygli, Dr. Kersten S. Rabe, Prof. Dr. Christof M. Niemeyer","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reactor automation is a transformative force for chemical processes, but the potential of reaction monitoring for machine-assisted autonomous biocatalytic reaction optimization is still largely unexplored. To address this gap, we report on automated reactor optimization for biocatalytic flow-through microreactors. For this purpose, the inline NMR analysis of an enzymatically catalyzed stereoselective reduction of a prochiral diketone was combined with a self-developed open-source analysis and control software. The algorithm is continuously fed with spectra from a benchtop NMR instrument acquired from a reaction solution from a microreactor filled with biocatalytically active materials and adjusts the flow rate of the pumps to achieve predetermined target concentrations of the product. We show that through this automated coupling of data analysis and process parameterization, for example, maximum conversion efficiency can be achieved for a given bioreactor. This work illustrates the potential of inline NMR reaction monitoring for biocatalytic processes and provides a starting point for innovation to develop automated processes for precision biocatalysis through integrated data analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Macromolecular Size Distributions in Concentrated Solutions","authors":"Dr. Sumit K. Chaturvedi, Dr. Peter Schuck","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The solution state of macromolecules in concentrated solutions impacts fields ranging from cell biology, to colloid chemistry and engineering of protein pharmaceuticals. Dependent on the interplay between repulsive and weakly attractive forces, proteins may exhibit oligomerization, aggregation, crystallization, liquid-liquid phase separation, or the formation of multiprotein complexes. The particle size-distribution is a key characteristic, but difficult to determine when interparticle distances are on the order of their size and macromolecular motion is coupled through hydrodynamic interactions. Here we extend sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation to measure macromolecular size distributions under these conditions: We apply results from statistical fluid mechanics for the concentration-dependence of hindered settling and diffusion, embedded in a mean-field approximation that can resolve coupled sedimentation and diffusion processes of different sized species given experimental sedimentation data. This is combined with a description of transient optical aberrations from lensing in the refractive index gradients associated with sedimentation boundaries (Wiener skewing). We demonstrate this approach in the application to protein solutions with macromolecular volume fractions up to ≈10 %, for example, resolving monomers and dimers of albumin at 140 mg/ml. This enables size-distribution analysis of proteins at concentrations of therapeutic antibody formations and close to physiological concentration in serum and cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Xuefeng Shen, Dr. Jiajia Ding, Dr. Yingchun Ye, Prof. Dr. Hongxing Liu, Prof. Dr. Zaiku Xie
{"title":"Ingrown Leading to Hierarchical SAPO-34 with High Catalytic Activity","authors":"Dr. Xuefeng Shen, Dr. Jiajia Ding, Dr. Yingchun Ye, Prof. Dr. Hongxing Liu, Prof. Dr. Zaiku Xie","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202400027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202400027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Introduce meso/macro-pore to the crystal of SAPO-34 is an efficient way to overcome its inherent diffusion resistance. Porogen, formation hierarchical structure by inhibiting the growth of the crystals, would increase the costs of SAPO-34 and is usually not friendly to environment. In this work, an ingrowth route to synthesize hierarchical SAPO-34 is developed by secondary silica addition via hydrothermal method. Hierarchical porous SAPO-34 was synthesized without adding any pore-generating agent. Secondary silica addition put off the Si and P transferring from the mother liquid to gel phase, leading to the chemical composition of surface first meeting to the crystallization conditions. Then the crystallization started from the surface to the inside of the amorphous particles. The hierarchical SAPO-34 showed numerous meso/macro pore structure and weaker acid strength. So the hierarchical SAPO-34 showed better catalytic activity than the conventional SAPO-34 in MTO reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202400027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Kulenkampff, Christian Armbruster, Johanna Drolshagen, Celine Regnat, Tina Wienold, Luisa Spari, Jana Fix, Tabea Sterbak, Dr. Harald Scherer, Prof. Dr. Ingo Krossing
{"title":"Cover Picture: Video Documented Upscaled Synthesis of Salts of the Parent Carbaborate Ion [CB11H12]−, its Undecafluorinated Form [CHB11F11]− and Useful Starting Materials for its Introduction (Chem. Methods 11/2024)","authors":"Jan Kulenkampff, Christian Armbruster, Johanna Drolshagen, Celine Regnat, Tina Wienold, Luisa Spari, Jana Fix, Tabea Sterbak, Dr. Harald Scherer, Prof. Dr. Ingo Krossing","doi":"10.1002/cmtd.202481101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cmtd.202481101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>The Front Cover</b> shows the molecular structure of the undecafluorinated carbaborate anion [CHB<sub>11</sub>F<sub>11</sub>]<sup>−</sup>, as well as its precursor [CB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>]<sup>−</sup> and the starting material [BH<sub>4</sub>]<sup>−</sup>. Detailed synthetic protocols for the synthesis of [CB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>12</sub>]<sup>−</sup> and [CHB<sub>11</sub>F<sub>11</sub>]<sup>−</sup> in large scales are provided by Ingo Krossing and co-workers in their Research Article. To facilitate the reproduction of the preparation of these compounds, the synthesis has been filmed and instructive videos are provided with the publication. Starting from the [CHB<sub>11</sub>F<sub>11</sub>]<sup>−</sup> anion, the authors tested its chemical properties and synthesized its trityl ([Ph<sub>3</sub>C]<sup>+</sup>) as well as its silver salt ([Ag(<i>o</i>dfb)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup>) and used them for a representative hydrosilylation reaction, as well as the oxidation of ferrocene and the ‘magic blue’ amine N(4-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>Br)<sub>3</sub>. More information can be found in the Research Article by I. Krossing and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/cmtd.202400011).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":72562,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry","volume":"4 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cmtd.202481101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}