Advances in Crop Science and Technology最新文献_第9页

Weed Management Practices by Lowland Rice Farmers in the South West of Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部低地稻农的杂草管理做法

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000372

Oyebanji O. Alagbo, O. Akinyemiju

{"title":"Weed Management Practices by Lowland Rice Farmers in the South West of Nigeria","authors":"Oyebanji O. Alagbo, O. Akinyemiju","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000372","url":null,"abstract":"Report has shown that effective weed management strategy will result in better productivity which will in turn improve food security in Nigeria. However, little is known about weed management strategies practices by rice farmers and their performance in southwest agro-ecological zone. The aims of this study were to determine the weed management practices among lowland rice farmers and to assess the factors limiting productivity of lowland rice farmers in Southwestern Nigeria. Survey on weed management practice among lowland farmers in Southwestern Nigeria was carried out. A multistage sampling technique was adopted for this study. Ondo and Ekiti states were purposely selected with four local governments in each state. Questionnaires were administered to 200 rice farmers in rice producing villages visited. All data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result of this study shows that 99% of farmers adopted chemical weed control than other methods. Pre-plant herbicides namely; glyphosate and paraquat were more available to lowland rice farmers in SW than post-emergence herbicides however, most products are applied with little or no reference to recommended rate. Also, most farmers cannot afford the cost of herbicide products, only few farmers (6%) have limited financial support consequent to poor literacy level among rice farmers in Southwest. It is recommended that weed scientists and weed control extension officers are needed to train farmers on effective weed management strategies. Adequate funding support for lowland rice farmers will enhance effective weed management in southwestern agro-ecological zone.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76638557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Efficacy of Conventional, Immune-Botanical and Egg Yolk Mixture on the Management of Diseases and Insect Pests of Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. in Uganda 常规、免疫植物和蛋黄混合剂对乌干达番茄茄病虫害的防治效果

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000388

Ramathani Io

{"title":"Efficacy of Conventional, Immune-Botanical and Egg Yolk Mixture on the Management of Diseases and Insect Pests of Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. in Uganda","authors":"Ramathani Io","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000388","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetables are important for nutrition and health, however, production in sub-Saharan Africa is low, partly due to disease and pest damage. Three integrated pest management (IPM) packages: Conventional, Immune-Botanical and Egg yolk mixture were evaluated for control of tomato diseases and insect pests. During 2017A and 2017B seasons, there were no significant differences in severity of Bacterial wilt (Xanthomonas campestris pv solanacearum), bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria), early blight (Alternaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora infestans) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease (TYLCV) as influenced by the interactive effect of differences in variety and IPM package. Plots treated with conventional package had lower severity scores for TYLCV. Variety MT 56 and Pink-top were the best performers. There were significant differences in insect pest damage due to cutworms and Thrips in 2017A, and Aphids and Thrips in 2017B due to differences in variety and IPM package. Egg yolk significantly reduced thrips damage among different tomato varieties while conventional method significantly reduced aphid damage. Conventional package induced the highest fruit yield for MT 56 in 2017A and Pink-top in season 2017B. Both conventional and Egg yolk methods were cost effective and are therefore recommended for control of tomato insect pests and diseases.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89868689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Influence of Harvesting Age and Genotype on Growth Parameters and Herbage Yield of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) at Wondo Genet, Southern Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚南部Wondo Genet采收年龄和基因型对甜罗勒生长参数和牧草产量的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000407

Damtew Abewoy, Derbew Belew, Zewdinesh Damtew Zigene

引用次数: 3

Growth and Bulb Yield of Onion ( Allium cepa L .) in Response to Plant Density and Variety in Jimma, South Western Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马地区洋葱(Allium cepa L .)生长和鳞茎产量对密度和品种的响应

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000357

R. Demisie, K. Tolessa

{"title":"Growth and Bulb Yield of Onion ( Allium cepa L .) in Response to Plant Density and Variety in Jimma, South Western Ethiopia","authors":"R. Demisie, K. Tolessa","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000357","url":null,"abstract":"In appropriate use of plant spacing and lack of evaluation of improved varieties across agro ecologies are the predominant agronomic practices that reduce the productivity of onion. The present study therefore, has been designed to investigate the influence of variety, intra-row spacing and their possible interaction on growth and yield of onion. The study was conducted under irrigation during the year 2016/2017 at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, on experimental site of horticultural crops. Four onion varieties (Adama Red, Nafis, Melkam and Nasik Red) and three intra-row spacing (7,10 and 13 cm) with inter-row spacing of 20 cm. The experiment was designed in RCBD with three replications. The results of the study showed that both variety and intra-row spacing had a significant effect (P˂0.05) on all parameters, except for the leaf diameter which was only affected by intra-row spacing. Leaf number per plant was significantly affected by interaction of variety and intra-row spacing. The highest leaf number (13.9) obtained from variety Nafis with intra-row spacing of 13 cm. In general, leaf number per plant, leaf length, plant height and leaf diameter were higher at wider intra-row spacing (13 cm). Nafis variety was superior in terms of leaf number per plant (13.9), bulb diameter (5.67 cm), average bulb weight (74.50 g), marketable yield (36.26 t ha-1) and total bulb yield (36.28 t ha-1). Onion plant grown at closer intra-row spacing (7 cm) showed very promising result for average bulb weight, marketable yield and total tuber yield. Moreover, the closest intra-row spacing (7 cm) gave higher marketable and total bulb yield than the wider intra-row spacing. Thus, growers in the study area can be benefited from closer intra-row spacing, however, it is paramount important to test the feasibility of the other closest intra-row spacing e.g., 6 cm and 4 cm.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79999158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Baseline Survey for Identification and Documentation of Natural Resources Management Status, Challenges and Opportunities for Research Interventions, Case Study of Melokoza District, Southern Ethiopia 确定和记录自然资源管理状况、研究干预的挑战和机遇的基线调查，埃塞俄比亚南部Melokoza地区的案例研究

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000364

G. Gelu

{"title":"Baseline Survey for Identification and Documentation of Natural Resources Management Status, Challenges and Opportunities for Research Interventions, Case Study of Melokoza District, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"G. Gelu","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000364","url":null,"abstract":"This baseline survey work was done mainly to identify the status of existing natural resources management, challenges and opportunities for research interventions in Melokoza district and specifically intended to identify and document existing natural resources management status of the special, the major constraints and challenges of natural resources management of Melokoza special district and finally to prioritize the researchable issues of natural resources management in the districts at different agro-ecologies. Different primary data collection techniques like: open ended interview, key informant discussion and field observation of events and secondary data collection techniques as referring different literatures, data from woreda water mines and energy office, agricultural and natural resources management office. To achieve the primary data collection clustering of the female headed and male headed households and youth group have been employed. Finally, the baseline document of challenges and opportunities was reviewed by different concerning bodies from different organizations by preparing need assessment validation work shop in Melokoza woreda. At the end of the work shop different challenges, opportunities and status of existing natural resources management have been identified, prioritized and researchable points were recommended in relation to soil fertility management, agroforestry and plantation, soil and water conservation and irrigation management by different concerning bodies of natural resources experts, researchers and other responsible bodies.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87451228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eco-Friendly Nanoemulsion Formulation of Mentha piperita Against Stored Product Pest Sitophilus oryzae 环保薄荷防储粮害虫米象虫纳米乳配方研究

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000404

M. Massoud, M. Adel, O. Zaghloul, Magdy I. E. Mohamed, Khaled H. Abdel-Rheim

引用次数: 14

Zinc Accounting for Lowland Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Under Different Methods of Zinc Application with Green Leaf Manuring 低地水稻(Oryza sativa L.)锌的计算不同施锌方式对绿叶肥的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000374

P. Prakash, M. Hemalatha, M. Joseph

引用次数: 3

Review on Impacts of Climate Change on Vegetable Production and its Management Practices 气候变化对蔬菜生产及其管理措施的影响

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000330

Damtew Abewoy

{"title":"Review on Impacts of Climate Change on Vegetable Production and its Management Practices","authors":"Damtew Abewoy","doi":"10.4172/2329-8863.1000330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000330","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is the primary cause of low production of most of the vegetables worldwide; reducing average yields for most of the major vegetables. Moreover, increasing temperatures, reduced irrigation-water availability, flooding, and salinity will be the major limiting factors in sustaining and increasing vegetable productivity. Under changing climatic situations crop failures, shortage of yields, reduction in quality and increasing pest and disease problems are common and they render the vegetable production unprofitable. As many physiological processes and enzymatic activities are temperature dependent, they are going to be largely effected. Drought and salinity are the two important consequences of increase in temperature worsening vegetable production. These effects of climate change also influence the pest and disease occurrences, host-pathogen interactions, distribution and ecology of insects, time of appearance, migration to new places and their overwintering capacity, there by becoming major setback to vegetable cultivation. To mitigate the adverse impact of climatic change on productivity and quality of vegetable crops there is need to develop sound adaptation strategies. The emphasis should be on development of production systems for improved water use efficiency adoptable to the hot and dry condition. The crop management practices like mulching with crop residues and plastic mulches help in conserving soil moisture. Excessive soil moisture due to heavy rain becomes major problem that can be overcome by growing crops on raised beds. Development of genotypes tolerant to high temperature, moisture stress, salinity and climate proofing through conventional, non-conventional, breeding techniques, genomics and biotechnology etc. are essentially required to meet these challenges. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review the effects of climate change on vegetable production and its management practices.","PeriodicalId":7255,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Crop Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78530356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 42

Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Yield and Yield Related Traits of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes in Mid Rift Valley of Ethiopia 食用大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)产量及相关性状的遗传变异、遗传力及遗传进展埃塞俄比亚中裂谷的基因型

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000401

T. Dinsa, F. Mekbib, T. Letta

引用次数: 3

Performance Evaluation and Adaptation Trial of Tef Genotypes for Moisture Stress Areas of Borana, Southern Oromia 南奥罗米亚博拉纳水分胁迫区Tef基因型性能评价及适应性试验

Advances in Crop Science and Technology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863.1000363

Natol Bakala, Tolessa Taye, Belda Idao

引用次数: 4