Cellular logistics最新文献_第3页

Sequential recruitment of Rab GTPases during early stages of phagocytosis. 吞噬作用早期Rab gtpase的序贯募集。

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2016-01-29 eCollection Date: 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2016.1140615

Jeremy C Yeo, Adam A Wall, Lin Luo, Jennifer L Stow

{"title":"Sequential recruitment of Rab GTPases during early stages of phagocytosis.","authors":"Jeremy C Yeo, Adam A Wall, Lin Luo, Jennifer L Stow","doi":"10.1080/21592799.2016.1140615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21592799.2016.1140615","url":null,"abstract":"The phagocytosis and destruction of pathogens and dead cells by macrophages is important for innate immunity and tissue maintenance. Multiple Rab family GTPases engage effector molecules to coordinate the early stages of phagocytosis, which include rapid changes in actin polymerization, membrane phospholipids, trafficking and the activation of receptors. Defining the spatiotemporal, sequential recruitment of these Rabs is critical for insights into how phagocytosis is initiated and coordinated. Here, we screened GFP-tagged Rabs expressed in fixed and live cells to identify and stratify those recruited to early phagocytic membranes at stages defined by phospholipid transitions. We propose a sequence of Rabs 35, 13, 8a, 8b, 27a, 10, and 31 that precedes and accompanies phagocytic cup closure, followed after closure by recruitment of endosomal Rabs 5a, 5b, 5c, 14, and 11. Reducing the expression of individual Rabs by siRNA knockdown, notably Rabs 35 and 13, disrupts phagocytosis prior to phagocytic cup closure, confirming a known role for Rab35 and revealing anew the involvement of Rab13. The results enhance our understanding of innate immune responses in macrophages by revealing the sequence of Rabs that initiates phagocytosis.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"6 1","pages":"e1140615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21592799.2016.1140615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34576520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibition alters dendritic spine morphology in hippocampal neurons. 抑制 ROCK1 和 ROCK2 可改变海马神经元树突棘形态

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2016-01-19 eCollection Date: 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1133266

Sharon A Swanger, Alexa L Mattheyses, Erik G Gentry, Jeremy H Herskowitz

{"title":"ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibition alters dendritic spine morphology in hippocampal neurons.","authors":"Sharon A Swanger, Alexa L Mattheyses, Erik G Gentry, Jeremy H Herskowitz","doi":"10.1080/21592799.2015.1133266","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21592799.2015.1133266","url":null,"abstract":"Communication among neurons is mediated through synaptic connections between axons and dendrites, and most excitatory synapses occur on actin-rich protrusions along dendrites called dendritic spines. Dendritic spines are structurally dynamic, and synapse strength is closely correlated with spine morphology. Abnormalities in the size, shape, and number of dendritic spines are prevalent in neurologic diseases, including autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer disease. However, therapeutic targets that influence spine morphology are lacking. Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinases (ROCK) 1 and ROCK2 are potent regulators of the actin cytoskeleton and highly promising drug targets for central nervous system disorders. In this report, we addressed how pharmacologic inhibition of ROCK1 and ROCK2 affects dendritic spine morphology. Hippocampal neurons were transfected with plasmids expressing fluorescently labeled Lifeact, a small actin binding peptide, and then incubated with or without Y-27632, an established pan-ROCK small molecule inhibitor. Using an automated 3D spine morphometry analysis method, we showed that inhibition of ROCK1 and ROCK2 significantly increased the mean protrusion density and significantly reduced the mean protrusion width. A trending increase in mean protrusion length was observed following Y-27632 treatment, and novel effects were observed among spine classes. Exposure to Y-27632 significantly increased the number of filopodia and thin spines, while the numbers of stubby and mushroom spines were similar to mock-treated samples. These findings support the hypothesis that pharmacologic inhibition of ROCK1 and ROCK2 may convey therapeutic benefit for neurologic disorders that feature dendritic spine loss or aberrant structural plasticity.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1133266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4820816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60154603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arf-like GTPase Arl8: Moving from the periphery to the center of lysosomal biology. arf样GTPase ar18：从溶酶体生物学的外围转移到中心。

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2015-09-21 eCollection Date: 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1086501

Divya Khatter, Aastha Sindhwani, Mahak Sharma

{"title":"Arf-like GTPase Arl8: Moving from the periphery to the center of lysosomal biology.","authors":"Divya Khatter, Aastha Sindhwani, Mahak Sharma","doi":"10.1080/21592799.2015.1086501","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21592799.2015.1086501","url":null,"abstract":"Lysosomes are dynamic organelles that not only mediate degradation of cellular substrates but also play critical roles in processes such as cholesterol homeostasis, plasma membrane repair, antigen presentation, and cell migration. The small GTPase Arl8, a member of Arf-like (Arl) family of proteins, has recently emerged as a crucial regulator of lysosome positioning and membrane trafficking toward lysosomes. Through interaction with its effector SKIP, the human Arl8 paralog (Arl8b) mediates kinesin-1 dependent motility of lysosomes on microtubule tracks toward the cell periphery. Arl8b-mediated kinesin-driven motility is also implicated in regulating lytic granule polarization in NK cells, lysosome tubulation in macrophages, cell spreading, and migration. Moreover, Arl8b regulates membrane traffic toward lysosomes by recruiting subunits of the HOPS complex, a multi-subunit tethering complex that mediates endo-lysosome fusion. Here we provide a brief review on this recently characterized lysosomal GTPase and summarize the studies focusing on its known functions in regulating lysosomal motility and delivery of endocytic cargo to the lysosomes. We also explore the role of human Arl8b and its orthologs upon infection by intracellular pathogens.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1086501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4820812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60154241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tool box: Plasmids for the expression or knockdown of human ARF Family GTPases (ARF/ARL/SAR) and their co-expression in bacteria with N-myristoyltransferases 工具箱:用于表达或敲低人类ARF家族gtp酶(ARF/ARL/SAR)及其在细菌中与n -肉豆芽酰基转移酶共表达的质粒

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2015-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1090523

S. Kerr, R. Kahn

引用次数: 1

Role of tetanus neurotoxin insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein in membrane domains transport and homeostasis. 破伤风神经毒素不敏感囊泡相关膜蛋白在膜结构域运输和体内平衡中的作用。

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2015-04-29 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1025182

Diana Molino, Sébastien Nola, Sin Man Lam, Agathe Verraes, Véronique Proux-Gillardeaux, Gaëlle Boncompain, Franck Perez, Markus Wenk, Guanghou Shui, Lydia Danglot, Thierry Galli

{"title":"Role of tetanus neurotoxin insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein in membrane domains transport and homeostasis.","authors":"Diana Molino, Sébastien Nola, Sin Man Lam, Agathe Verraes, Véronique Proux-Gillardeaux, Gaëlle Boncompain, Franck Perez, Markus Wenk, Guanghou Shui, Lydia Danglot, Thierry Galli","doi":"10.1080/21592799.2015.1025182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21592799.2015.1025182","url":null,"abstract":"Biological membranes in eukaryotes contain a large variety of proteins and lipids often distributed in domains in plasma membrane and endomembranes. Molecular mechanisms responsible for the transport and the organization of these membrane domains along the secretory pathway still remain elusive. Here we show that vesicular SNARE TI-VAMP/VAMP7 plays a major role in membrane domains composition and transport. We found that the transport of exogenous and endogenous GPI-anchored proteins was altered in fibroblasts isolated from VAMP7-knockout mice. Furthermore, disassembly and reformation of the Golgi apparatus induced by Brefeldin A treatment and washout were impaired in VAMP7-depleted cells, suggesting that loss of VAMP7 expression alters biochemical properties and dynamics of the Golgi apparatus. In addition, lipid profiles from these knockout cells indicated a defect in glycosphingolipids homeostasis. We conclude that VAMP7 is required for effective transport of GPI-anchored proteins to cell surface and that VAMP7-dependent transport contributes to both sphingolipids and Golgi homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1025182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21592799.2015.1025182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34026439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Diacylglycerol kinases in membrane trafficking 膜运输中的二酰基甘油激酶

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2015-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1078431

Shuwei Xie, Naava Naslavsky, S. Caplan

引用次数: 22

Role of the epithelial cell-specific clathrin adaptor complex AP-1B in cell polarity 上皮细胞特异性网格蛋白接头复合物AP-1B在细胞极性中的作用

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2015-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1074331

H. Fölsch

引用次数: 25

An optimized TALEN application for mutagenesis and screening in Drosophila melanogaster. TALEN在果蝇诱变和筛选中的优化应用。

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2015-02-27 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/21592799.2015.1023423

Han B Lee, Zachary L Sebo, Ying Peng, Yi Guo

{"title":"An optimized TALEN application for mutagenesis and screening in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Han B Lee, Zachary L Sebo, Ying Peng, Yi Guo","doi":"10.1080/21592799.2015.1023423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21592799.2015.1023423","url":null,"abstract":"Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) emerged as powerful tools for locus-specific genome engineering. Due to the ease of TALEN assembly, the key to streamlining TALEN-induced mutagenesis lies in identifying efficient TALEN pairs and optimizing TALEN mRNA injection concentrations to minimize the effort to screen for mutant offspring. Here we present a simple methodology to quantitatively assess bi-allelic TALEN cutting, as well as approaches that permit accurate measures of somatic and germline mutation rates in Drosophila melanogaster. We report that percent lethality from pilot injection of candidate TALEN mRNAs into Lig4 null embryos can be used to effectively gauge bi-allelic TALEN cutting efficiency and occurs in a dose-dependent manner. This timely Lig4-dependent embryonic survival assay also applies to CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting. Moreover, the somatic mutation rate of individual G0 flies can be rapidly quantitated using SURVEYOR nuclease and capillary electrophoresis, and germline transmission rate determined by scoring progeny of G0 outcrosses. Together, these optimized methods provide an effective step-wise guide for routine TALEN-mediated gene editing in the fly.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1023423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21592799.2015.1023423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34026437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Interaction with the effector dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is an ancient function of Rab32 subfamily proteins. 与效应蛋白动力相关蛋白1 (Drp1)的相互作用是Rab32亚家族蛋白的一种古老功能。

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2014-10-02 eCollection Date: 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.4161/21592799.2014.986399

Carolina G Ortiz-Sandoval, Sarah C Hughes, Joel B Dacks, Thomas Simmen

{"title":"Interaction with the effector dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is an ancient function of Rab32 subfamily proteins.","authors":"Carolina G Ortiz-Sandoval, Sarah C Hughes, Joel B Dacks, Thomas Simmen","doi":"10.4161/21592799.2014.986399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/21592799.2014.986399","url":null,"abstract":"The mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) domain that forms contacts with mitochondria and accommodates Ca2+ transfer between the two organelles. The GTPase Rab32 regulates this function of the MAM via determining the localization of the Ca2+ regulatory transmembrane protein calnexin to the MAM. Another function of the MAM is the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics mediated by GTPases such as dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Consistent with the importance of the MAM for mitochondrial dynamics and the role of Rab32 in MAM enrichment, the inactivation of Rab32 leads to mitochondrial collapse around the nucleus. However, Rab32 and related Rabs also perform intracellular functions at locations other than the MAM including melanosomal trafficking, autophagosome formation and maturation, and retrograde trafficking to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). This plethora of functions raises questions concerning the original cellular role of Rab32 in the last common ancestor of animals and its possible role in the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA). Our results now shed light on this conundrum and identify a role in Drp1-mediated mitochondrial dynamics as one common denominator of this group of Rabs, which includes the paralogues Rab32A and Rab32B, as well as the more recently derived Rab29 and Rab38 proteins. Moreover, we provide evidence that this mitochondrial function is dictated by the extent of ER-association of Rab32 family proteins.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"4 4","pages":"e986399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/21592799.2014.986399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33126796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

The Vps39-like TRAP1 is an effector of Rab5 and likely the missing Vps3 subunit of human CORVET. vps39样的TRAP1是Rab5的效应物，可能是人类CORVET缺失的Vps3亚基。

Cellular logistics Pub Date : 2014-10-02 eCollection Date: 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.4161/21592780.2014.970840

Jens Lachmann, Elina Glaubke, Patrick S Moore, Christian Ungermann

{"title":"The Vps39-like TRAP1 is an effector of Rab5 and likely the missing Vps3 subunit of human CORVET.","authors":"Jens Lachmann, Elina Glaubke, Patrick S Moore, Christian Ungermann","doi":"10.4161/21592780.2014.970840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/21592780.2014.970840","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane fusion in the endocytic pathway is mediated by a protein machinery consistent of Rab GTPases, tethering factors and SNAREs. In yeast, the endosomal CORVET and lysosomal HOPS tethering complexes share 4 of their 6 subunits. The 2 additional subunits in each complex - Vps3 and Vps8 for CORVET, and the homologous Vps39 and Vps41 for HOPS - bind directly to Rab5 and Rab7, respectively. In humans, all subunits for HOPS have been described. However, human CORVET remains poorly characterized and a homolog of Vps3 is still missing. Here we characterize 2 previously identified Vps39 isoforms, hVps39-1/hVam6/TLP and hVps39-2/TRAP1, in yeast and HEK293 cells. None of them can compensate the loss of the endogenous yeast Vps39, though the specific interaction of hVps39-1 with the virus-specific LT protein was reproduced. Both human Vps39 proteins show a cytosolic localization in yeast and mammalian cells. However, hVps39-2/TRAP1 strongly co-localizes with co-expressed Rab5 and interacts directly with Rab5-GTP in vitro. We conclude that hVps39-2/TRAP1 is an endosomal protein and an effector of Rab5, suggesting a role of the protein as a subunit of the putative human CORVET complex.","PeriodicalId":72547,"journal":{"name":"Cellular logistics","volume":"4 4","pages":"e970840"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/21592780.2014.970840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33113199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29