Rodney C Haring, Melissa A Jim, Deborah Erwin, Judith Kaur, Whitney Ann E Henry, Marissa L Haring, Dean S Seneca
{"title":"Mortality disparities: A comparison with the Haudenosaunee in New York State.","authors":"Rodney C Haring, Melissa A Jim, Deborah Erwin, Judith Kaur, Whitney Ann E Henry, Marissa L Haring, Dean S Seneca","doi":"10.9777/chd.2018.10009","DOIUrl":"10.9777/chd.2018.10009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying health status and disparities for Indigenous populations is the first logical step toward better health. We compare the mortality profile of the American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population with that of non-Hispanic whites in the Haudenosaunee Nations in New York State, the Indian Health Service (IHS) East region (Nashville Area) and the United States. Data from the linkage of IHS registration records with decedents from the National Death Index (1990-2009) were used to identify AI/AN deaths misclassified as non-AI/AN. Analyses were limited to persons of non-Hispanic origin. We analyzed trends for 1990-2009 and compared AI/AN and white persons in the Haudenosaunee Nations in New York State, IHS East region and the United States. All-cause death rates over the past two decades for Haudenosaunee men declined at a greater percentage per year than for AI/AN men in the East region and United States. This decrease was not observed for Haudenosaunee women with all-cause death rates appearing to be stable over the past two decades. Haudenosaunee all-cause death rates were 16% greater than that for whites in the Haudenosaunee Nations. The most prominent disparities between Haudenosaunee and whites are concentrated in the 25-44 year age group (Risk Ratio=1.85). Chronic liver disease, diabetes, unintentional injury, and kidney disease death rates were higher in Haudenosaunee than in whites in the Haudenosaunee Nations. The Haudenosaunee cancer death rate (180.8 per 100,000) was higher than that reported for AI/AN in the East (161.5 per 100,000).Haudenosaunee experienced higher rates for the majority of the leading causes of death than East AI/AN. These results highlight the importance of Haudenosaunee-specific data to target prevention efforts to address health disparities and inequalities in health.</p>","PeriodicalId":72512,"journal":{"name":"Cancer health disparities","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6880943/pdf/nihms-1045850.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Androgen metabolism genes in prostate cancer health disparities.","authors":"Wei Liu, Runhua Liu, Lizhong Wang","doi":"10.9777/rr.2017.10003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9777/rr.2017.10003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For men in the United States, prostate cancer is common, and newly diagnosed cases of prostate cancer outnumber those of all other cancer types. For prostate cancer, there are racial disparities between Caucasian Americans and African Americans. Androgens and androgen metabolism may be involved in these disparities as well as in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. Here, we analyzed, in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the mRNA expression of genes involved in androgen metabolism in prostate cancer based on the patient's race. The results revealed that expressions of <i>UGT2B15</i> and <i>CYP3A5</i> are higher but that <i>SRD5A2</i>, <i>CYP17A1</i>, <i>HSD3B2</i>, and <i>AKR1C3</i> are lower in African American prostate cancers than in those of Caucasian Americans. These genes may relate to the racial disparities associated with prostate cancer. However, the evidence require validation and functional analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72512,"journal":{"name":"Cancer health disparities","volume":"1 ","pages":"e1-e6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6368965/pdf/nihms971673.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36552259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}