Cancer diagnosis & prognosis最新文献

{"title":"The Role of HMGA1 and Height in Breast Cancer Risk and Prognosis: Insights from UK Biobank Data.","authors":"Steven Lehrer, Peter H Rheinstein","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10424","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Tall women are more likely to develop breast cancer (BC). High Mobility Group AT-Hook 1 (HMGA1), an oncofetal protein, plays a role in BC progression. Variants near HMGA1 have been associated with increased height. This study examines the relationship between HMGA1, height, and BC risk and prognosis using UK Biobank data.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Data from 10,527 women with invasive BC were analyzed. Subjects were grouped by height: short (<155 cm), medium (155-175 cm), and tall (>175 cm). HMGA1 SNP rs41269028, a single nucleotide intron variant, was evaluated for its influence on height, BC risk, and survival. Statistical analysis included Fisher's exact test, regression models, and survival analysis using the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HMGA1 SNP rs41269028 carriers (CT+TT) were taller (162.88 cm) compared to homozygotes for the major allele (162.29 cm, <i>p</i>=0.005). Tall women with BC showed poorer survival than short women (<i>p</i>=0.032). However, HMGA1 genotype did not significantly affect BC risk (<i>p</i>=0.602) or survival (<i>p</i>=0.439). Multivariate analysis confirmed an independent effect of age and HMGA1 genotype on height.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While HMGA1 influences height, no direct association with increased BC risk or poor prognosis in tall women was demonstrated. Nevertheless, tall women with BC had worse survival, suggesting height might be considered in treatment decisions. Future studies should explore mechanisms linking height to BC outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Unresectable Colorectal Cancer With the <i>BRAF V600E</i> Mutation.","authors":"Yukari Ono, Koji Numata, Kenta Iguchi, Mamoru Uchiyama, Masahiro Asari, Yasushi Rino, Aya Saito, Manabu Shiozawa","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10432","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Patients with unresectable advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC) and the <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutation have poor prognosis, and conventional chemotherapy is often ineffective. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of this patient population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We examined clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of 26 patients with <i>BRAF V600E</i>-mutated unresectable advanced and recurrent CRC treated between June 2015 and October 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 63.1±14.0 years; out of 26 patients, nine (34.6%) were female, 12 (46.2%) had right-sided CRC, and eight (30.8%) had poorly differentiated or mucinous adenocarcinoma. One patient (3.8%) had a <i>RAS</i> mutation, and three (11.5%) had high microsatellite instability. The median overall survival (OS) was 12.0 months. The median OS for patients treated with the BEACON regimen (encorafenib plus cetuximab, with or without binimetinib) was 13.3 months, which was significantly better than that of patients treated without it (7.2 months; hazard ratio=4.180, 95% confidence interval=1.036-18.631, <i>p</i>=0.029). The median progression-free survival for patients treated with BEACON regimen was 6.6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutation was associated with poor prognosis. The BEACON regimen resulted in improved OS compared with other CRC treatment regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"216-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of PI3K Levels and miRNA124-5p Expression Levels in Serum Samples from Patients With Lung Cancer.","authors":"Fatma Tuba Akdeniz, Orcun Avsar","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10433","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Lung cancers are malignant neoplasms located in the lung tissues. miRNAs are short non-coding RNAs. It is known that miRNA-124 prevents metastasis in lung cancers. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) signaling pathway, a basic signaling pathway interconnected with other pathways, is activated during cancer development. This study aimed to compare miRNA-124-5p and PI3K serum levels in patient and control groups.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>miRNA isolated from patient and control serum samples were converted into cDNA. miRNA-124-5p expression was determined using Real-Time PCR and a SYBR GREEN kit. PI3K serum level was determined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While miRNA-124-5p serum level was statistically significantly lower in the patient group (<i>p</i>>0.02), serum PI3K level was higher in the patient group than in the control group but the difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i>>0.11).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower serum levels of miRNA-124-5p and high PI3K levels observed in the patient group, compared to the control group, may be associated with a poor disease prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"223-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Outcomes of Salvage Radiotherapy Using TomoTherapy With Image-guided Radiotherapy for Postoperative Prostate Cancer Patients.","authors":"Yuki Mukai, Motoko Omura, Yumiko Minagawa, Misato Mase, Yuta Nishikawa, Ichiro Miura, Masaharu Hata","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10429","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes, treatment-related toxicity, and factors affecting postoperative prostate cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy and image-guided radiation therapy (IMRT-IGRT) using TomoTherapy as salvage radiotherapy (SRT).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 71 consecutive patients who underwent SRT after radical prostatectomy between 2011 and 2023 were included in the study. Treatment outcomes, including the progression-free rate (PFR) and overall survival, were calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves. Associations between treatment outcomes and factors were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up time after SRT was 60 months (range=1-148 months). The 5-year and 10-year PFR were 69.05% and 54.73%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, maximum PSA >0.7 ng/ml was significantly associated with worse PFR (<i>p</i><0.05). Additionally, eight patients (11.3%) experienced late grade 2 genitourinary toxicity, and one (1.4%) patient developed late grade 2 gastrointestinal toxicity. No adverse events were rated higher than grade 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate a comparable PFR at 5-year (69.05%) and 10-year (54.73%) intervals with those of previous reports, confirming the efficacy of IMRT-IGRT as a viable option for SRT. Worse PFR was associated with factors such as mass PSA >0.7 ng/ml, providing critical insights into prognostication. SRT for prostate cancer with IMRT and IGRT using TomoTherapy showed similar treatment outcomes and low toxicity rates compared with those of previous studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"189-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST) Arising from Orbital Plexiform Neurofibroma in a Small Child With Neurofibromatosis Type 1.","authors":"Reinhard E Friedrich, Christian Hagel","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10436","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary tumor predisposition syndrome. In approximately 30% of cases, plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are identified, which are precursor lesions for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). MPNST is a major cause of the reduced life expectancy of NF1 patients.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>The patient, a two-year-old at the time of surgical treatment, had been diagnosed with an orbital nerve sheath tumor causing lid swelling and ptosis since birth. The tumor showed disproportionately rapid growth, leading to increasing functional (mechanical) restrictions in lid elevation. Surgical exploration of the orbit indicated a PNF with areas of a MPNST. Two months later, a new biopsy confirmed the MPNST. The tumor was treated with multimodal chemotherapy. After completion of chemotherapy, orbital exenteration was performed. The tissue specimens only comprised tissue of a benign PNF. However, within six months, the patient developed an intracranial recurrence and died from a rapidly growing intracerebral tumor fraction, which histologically proved to be a MPNST.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orbital PNF is a rare and characteristic manifestation of facial NF1. Typically, tumors in this localization are associated with severe functional disabilities and aesthetic disfigurement, resulting from invasive tumor growth and skeletal deformities. Histological classification of the tumors may be challenging due to varying histological differentiation in different tumor locations. Thus, early diagnosis with representative tumor sampling and complete histological work-up of the specimen together with multimodal therapy are essential prerequisites to overcome the poor prognosis of these tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"244-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Body Mass Index on Survival After Docetaxel Chemotherapy for Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Carsten Nieder, Luka Stanisavljevic, Astrid Dalhaug, Ellinor Christin Haukland","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10423","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Several recent studies, varying in design and the number of baseline parameters analyzed, suggest that a lower body mass index (BMI) is associated with shorter survival in men beginning treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (MCRPC), including treatments such as docetaxel. This study aimed to analyze the impact of BMI and numerous covariates on survival in a homogeneously treated cohort of Caucasian men who received first-line docetaxel for MCRPC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 112 consecutive patients managed between 2009 and 2023. Comorbidity, medications, and blood tests were included. Both, uni- and multivariate tests were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the patients was 70 years with a median BMI of 26.8 kg/m². Most patients were free from serious comorbidities, had bone-only metastases, and experienced metachronous development of metastases. Hemoglobin values were significantly lower in patients with lower BMI (median 11.9 <i>versus</i> 13.0 g/dl, <i>p</i>=0.001). Lean patients had numerically shorter survival compared to overweight/obese patients (median 11.8 <i>versus</i> 19.4 months, <i>p</i>=0.15). In multivariate analysis of prognostic factors, only three baseline parameters retained statistical significance: serum lactate dehydrogenase (<i>p</i>=0.03), hemoglobin (<i>p</i>=0.007), and the presence of non-bone metastases (<i>p</i>=0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An interaction between BMI and hemoglobin was present in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients after docetaxel chemotherapy, explaining the observed survival difference between lean and overweight/obese patients. Comorbidities and medications had no significant impact on survival in this population with limited prognosis (median survival 16.1 months).</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"138-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Outcomes of Biological Reconstruction for Primary Bone Sarcoma of the Humerus.","authors":"Hideyuki Kinoshita, Jonathan Stevenson, Guy Morris, Vineet Kurisunkal, Bhim Shreemal, Adesegun Abudu","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10425","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Options for the reconstruction of bone defects following resection of primary bone sarcomas of the humerus include massive endoprostheses or biological reconstruction. We report the oncological, clinical, and functional outcomes in patients treated with biological reconstructions.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study included 23 consecutive patients with primary bone sarcoma of humerus who underwent <i>en-bloc</i> resection and biological reconstructions at a single institution. Four groups of patients were identified. Group A: twelve patients with vascularized fibula epiphyseal transfer. Group B: four patients with structural grafts with vascularized fibula. Group C: four patients with structural grafts with non-vascularized fibula. Group D: three patients with only structural grafts (allograft or reimplanted bone only). The postoperative oncological outcomes, complications, reoperation rates, and postoperative limb function using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age at diagnosis was 8 years (range=3-54 years). The median follow-up was 87 months (range=6-172 months). Graft complications at recipient sites occurred in 13 patients including fracture in seven, non-union in four, and avascular necrosis in two. Donor site peroneal nerve palsy occurred in seven patients. Local recurrence and metastases occurred in one and two patients, respectively. At the last follow-up, twenty‑two patients were alive (21 continuously disease-free for a median of 87 months, and one with no evidence of disease), and one patient died of disease. The mean MSTS scores for all patients was 78.9%, and this was similar in the four groups: 77.5%, 72.5%, 85.8%, and 83.3% in Groups A, B, C, and D, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biological reconstruction of the humerus is a complex procedure with a risk of complications but has good oncological and functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third Liver Resection for Re-recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Assessment of the Prognostic Factors of Long-term Survival.","authors":"Mayuko Kori, Kei Shimada, Takuya Hashimoto","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10426","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Second hepatic resection is a well-established and effective treatment for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite this, the recurrence rate of HCC remains high. The efficacy of third liver resection for re-recurrent HCC is uncertain, and prognostic factors affecting survival after third hepatectomy have not been comprehensively evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term outcomes of third liver resection for re-recurrent HCC and identify prognostic factors affecting survival.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In total, 27 patients who underwent three liver resections for primary, recurrent, and re-recurrent HCC were retrospectively reviewed. The prognostic factors of long-term survival were evaluated using clinical data including those of previous liver resections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No cases of perioperative mortality after third liver resection for re-recurrent HCC were found. The median overall survival and disease-free survival were 38.3 and 5.8 months, respectively. The 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 56.8% and 10.9%, respectively. Clinical parameters such as tumor marker level, primary tumor size, and surgical interval of the third liver resection and of the first and second surgeries were significantly associated with long-term survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survival rate of third liver resection for re-recurrent HCC in our study was similar to that reported for second and third hepatectomies in previous studies. Clinical information on previous surgeries could be a useful determinant of third liver resection for re-recurrent HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"162-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Analysis of Osteosarcoma Referral Letters: Insights into Medical Collaboration and Diagnostic Practices at Our Hospital.","authors":"Kazuhiko Hashimoto, Shunji Nishimura, Koji Goto","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10435","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess the status of medical collaboration between our hospital and affiliated institutions based on referral letters for patients with osteosarcoma.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective analysis of osteosarcoma referrals was conducted between September 1, 2012, and March 31, 2023. Fourteen patients were included (eight males, six females; mean age=28 years, range=8-74 years) each with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of a malignant soft-tissue tumor and available referral documentation from previous physicians. Survey parameters included type of referral hospital, geographical area, and medical department of the referral hospital, as well as imaging and blood tests conducted and the corresponding findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were referred from various medical institutions: Six from general hospitals, six from clinics, one from a university hospital, and one from a clinic with beds. Most patients (n=10) were from southern Osaka. Among the referrals, 11 patients were referred to orthopedics, two to surgery, and one to pediatrics. Analysis of imaging studies showed eight patients with only radiographs; three patients with radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); one patient with only CT; one patient with only MRI; and one patient with both radiographs and CT. Imaging findings included indications of suspected malignancy in 12 patients and suspected bone tumors in two. Blood tests were conducted in two patients, namely alkaline phosphatase and C-reactive protein, and alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase, respectively. Blood tests were not performed in the remaining 12 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Referrals for patients with osteosarcoma at our facility and related facilities were well documented, ensuring informative content and adequate medical coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"238-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose Reduction of <i>EGFR</i>-TKIs for <i>EGFR</i>-positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Akira Mochizuki, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Yosuke Maezawa, Shinichiro Okauchi, Gen Ohara, Shinya Sato, Kunihiko Miyazaki, Takahide Kodama, Hiroaki Satoh, Toshihiro Shiozawa, Yohei Yatagai, Nobuyuki Hizawa","doi":"10.21873/cdp.10431","DOIUrl":"10.21873/cdp.10431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The <i>epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)</i> gene was the first driver gene discovered in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved patient prognosis, but often at reduced doses. Conventional dose determination methods for cytotoxic antitumor drugs were not applicable to <i>EGFR</i>-TKIs and were determined differently. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of patients undergoing <i>EGFR</i>-TKI dose reduction, and the impact of such dose reduction on survival.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patient characteristics, treatment, overall survival, and progression-free survival of patients with <i>EGFR</i> mutation-positive NSCLC treated with <i>EGFR</i>-TKIs between August 2008 and April 2024 at two hospitals were retrospectively evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 165 patients, 67.3% received TKI dose reduction; patients who received TKI dose reduction had a smaller body surface area (<i>p</i>=0.029), which was more common in patients with better performance status (<i>p</i>=0.026). Side effects, especially diarrhea and rash, were the main reasons for this. Overall survival was significantly longer in the dose reduction group than in the recommended dose group (<i>p</i>=0.011). Multivariate analysis showed that TKI dose reduction was a favorable factor with a hazard ratio of 0.68 (<i>p</i>=0.046).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reducing TKI dose is an option for patients with <i>EGFR</i>-mutated NSCLC, especially in elderly or underweight patients who develop adverse effects, and there is no reason to hesitate to reduce the TKI dose in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":72510,"journal":{"name":"Cancer diagnosis & prognosis","volume":"5 2","pages":"207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}