Bulletin of the Medical Library Association最新文献

{"title":"Evidence-based librarianship: an overview.","authors":"J D Eldredge","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To demonstrate how the core characteristics of both evidence-based medicine (EBM) and evidence-based health care (EBHC) can be adapted to health sciences librarianship.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Narrative review essay involving development of a conceptual framework. The author describes the central features of EBM and EBHC. Following each description of a central feature, the author then suggests ways that this feature applies to health sciences librarianship.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, the decision-making processes of EBM and EBHC are compatible with health sciences librarianship. Second, the EBM and EBHC values of favoring rigorously produced scientific evidence in decision making are congruent with the core values of librarianship. Third, the hierarchical levels of evidence can be applied to librarianship with some modifications. Library researchers currently favor descriptive-survey and case-study methods over systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, or other higher levels of evidence. The library literature nevertheless contains diverse examples of randomized controlled trials, controlled-comparison studies, and cohort studies conducted by health sciences librarians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Health sciences librarians are confronted with making many practical decisions. Evidence-based librarianship offers a decision-making framework, which integrates the best available research evidence. By employing this framework and the higher levels of research evidence it promotes, health sciences librarians can lay the foundation for more collaborative and scientific endeavors.</p>","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 4","pages":"289-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35250/pdf/i0025-7338-088-04-0289.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21884421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with successful answering of clinical questions using an information retrieval system.","authors":"W R Hersh,&nbsp;M K Crabtree,&nbsp;D H Hickam,&nbsp;L Sacherek,&nbsp;L Rose,&nbsp;C P Friedman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite the growing use of online databases by clinicians, there has been very little research documenting how effectively they are used. This study assessed the ability of medical and nurse-practitioner students to answer clinical questions using an information retrieval system. It also attempted to identify the demographic, experience, cognitive, personality, search mechanics, and user-satisfaction factors associated with successful use of a retrieval system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine students completed questionnaires of clinical and computer experience as well as tests of cognitive abilities and personality type. They were then administered three clinical questions to answer in a medical library setting using the MEDLINE database and electronic and print full-text resources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Medical students were able to answer more questions correctly than nurse-practitioner students before and after searching, but both had comparable improvements in the number of correct questions before and after searching. Successful ability to answer questions was also associated with having experience in literature searching and higher standardized test-score percentiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medical and nurse-practitioner students obtained comparable benefits in the ability to answer clinical questions from use of the information retrieval system. Future research must examine strategies that improve successful search and retrieval of clinical questions posed by clinicians in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 4","pages":"323-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35253/pdf/i0025-7338-088-04-0323.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21884424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Care Resources on the Internet: A Guide for Librarians and Health Care Consumers.","authors":"S. Hollander","doi":"10.5860/choice.37-5701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.37-5701","url":null,"abstract":"As health care consumers become more active in managing their care, many are turning to the Internet to seek health information. The Internet has potential for serving as a powerful tool for distributing patient information as well as for enhancing communication and for networking between patients and their health care practitioners. The Internet, however, can be frustrating to search and misleading, especially for the inexperienced searcher. Dozens of books have been published over the past decade describing health care resources available on the Internet; a majority of these books have been aimed at the health care professional; and many are already dated. This text is a welcome addition in that it focuses on educating consumers and the librarians who assist them in how to search for information on the Internet more effectively and efficiently. \u0000 \u0000In preparing Health Care Resources on the Internet, Wood assembled an experienced team of seventeen information specialists to share their collective knowledge of the Web and their research expertise. As with any compilation that includes chapters by many different authors, there is an inevitable unevenness. Some chapters are stronger than others, and some information overlaps or duplicates. Overall, however, the resource is well organized, is comprehensive in its coverage, and will be an extremely useful reference tool, especially for users new to searching the Internet. The text is short, easy to read, and immediately applicable. \u0000 \u0000This reference work goes beyond merely listing recommended Websites on a variety of topics, as the title may suggest. Introductory chapters discuss use of the Internet at the reference desk and explain and provide tips for using search engines, subject directories, and metasearch gateways. Additional tips for using search engines are scattered throughout the text. Meta- or megasites for health information are recommended as good places to start a search because they tend “to provide one-site access to a breadth of information,” which generally has been compiled and evaluated by qualified professionals. Websites listed in this section will be recognized by experienced searchers as those that have stood the test of time (e.g., NOAH, Mayo Clinic's Health Oasis, and the Department of Health and Human Services' Website, Healthfinder). \u0000 \u0000Because journals are recognized as the primary source of biomedical literature, one chapter in the book is devoted to searching MEDLINE via the Internet. For those unfamiliar with MEDLINE, the authors provide an explanation of the database and suggest tips for formulating a search strategy. Some of the information in this chapter is presented using concepts and jargon more familiar to health information professionals and may prove confusing to the general public. Readers are strongly encouraged to consult help files and try different systems before settling on one way to search MEDLINE. A nice synopsis of searching for evidence-based informat","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 1","pages":"397-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71082175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interlibrary loan in primary access libraries: challenging the traditional view.","authors":"R F Dudden,&nbsp;S Coldren,&nbsp;J E Condon,&nbsp;S Katsh,&nbsp;C M Reiter,&nbsp;P L Roth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary access libraries serve as the foundation of the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NN/LM) interlibrary loan (ILL) hierarchy, yet few published reports directly address the important role these libraries play in the ILL system. This may reflect the traditional view that small, primary access libraries are largely users of ILL, rather than important contributors to the effectiveness and efficiency of the national ILL system.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was undertaken to test several commonly held beliefs regarding ILL system use by primary access libraries.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>Three hypotheses were developed. HI: Colorado and Wyoming primary access libraries comply with the recommended ILL guideline of adhering to a hierarchical structure, emphasizing local borrowing. H2: The closures of two Colorado Council of Medical Librarians (CCML) primary access libraries in 1996 resulted in twenty-three Colorado primary access libraries' borrowing more from their state resource library in 1997. H3: The number of subscriptions held by Colorado and Wyoming primary access libraries is positively correlated with the number of items they loan and negatively correlated with the number of items they borrow.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hypotheses were tested using the 1992 and 1997 DOCLINE and OCLC data of fifty-four health sciences libraries, including fifty primary access libraries, two state resource libraries, and two general academic libraries in Colorado and Wyoming. The ILL data were obtained electronically and analyzed using Microsoft Word 98, Microsoft Excel 98, and JMP 3.2.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CCML primary access libraries comply with the recommended guideline to emphasize local borrowing by supplying each other with the majority of their ILLs, instead of overburdening libraries located at higher levels in the ILL hierarchy (H1). The closures of two CCML primary access libraries appear to have affected the entire ILL system, resulting in a greater volume of ILL activity for the state resource library and other DOCLINE libraries higher up in the ILL hierarchy and highlighting the contribution made by CCML primary access libraries (H2). CCML primary access libraries borrow and lend in amounts that are proportional to their collection size, rather than overtaxing libraries at higher levels in the ILL hierarchy with large numbers of requests (H3).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The main limitations of this study were the small sample size and the use of data collected for another purpose, the CCML ILL survey.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that there is little evidence to support several commonly held beliefs regarding ILL system use by primary access libraries. In addition to validating the important contributions made by primary access libraries to the national ILL system, baseline data that can be used to benchmark current p","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 4","pages":"303-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35251/pdf/i0025-7338-088-04-0303.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21884422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health information outreach: the land-grant mission.","authors":"J J McGowan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Service to the state is one of the core principles of the land-grant mission. This concept of service is also fundamental to a significant number of outreach activities in academic health sciences libraries, particularly those libraries affiliated with the public land-grant universities. The Dana Medical Library at the University of Vermont has a lengthy tradition of outreach to health care providers and health care consumers of the State of Vermont. Building on the foundation of the land-grant institution-which grew out of federal legislation introduced in the mid nineteenth century by Justin Morrill, Vermont's congressional representative--the Dana Medical Library has based its outreach activities on its dedication of service to the state in the promotion of healthy citizens through information dissemination in support of health care delivery. Reengineering library services designed to meet the specific information needs of its diverse clientele, partnering with disparate health care organizations, and relying on fees for service to expand its outreach activities, the Dana Medical Library has redefined the concept of health information outreach for the new millennium.</p>","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 4","pages":"355-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35257/pdf/i0025-7338-088-04-0355.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21883028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expediting the transfer of evidence into practice: building clinical partnerships.","authors":"T Rader,&nbsp;A J Gagnon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A librarian/clinician partnership was fostered in one hospital through the formation of the Evidence-based Practice Committee, with an ulterior goal of facilitating the transfer of evidence into practice. The paper will describe barriers to evidence-based practice and outline the committee's strategies for overcoming these barriers, including the development and promotion of a Web-based guide to evidence-based practice specifically designed for clinicians (health professionals). Educational strategies for use of the Web-based guide will also be addressed. Advantages of this partnership are that the skills of librarians in meeting the needs of clinicians are maximized. The evidence-based practice skills of clinicians are honed and librarians make a valuable contribution to the knowledge-base of the clinical staff. The knowledge acquired through the partnership by both clinicians and librarians will increase the sophistication of the dialogue between the two groups and in turn will expedite the transfer of evidence into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 3","pages":"247-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35233/pdf/i0025-7338-088-03-0247.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21767064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Library requirements and problem-based learning: The Medical Sciences Library, The University of the West Indies.","authors":"M Lewis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 3","pages":"255-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35236/pdf/i0025-7338-088-03-0255.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21767067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brandon/Hill selected list of print books and journals in allied health.","authors":"D R Hill,&nbsp;H N Stickell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This list of 424 books and 77 journals is intended as a selection guide for print literature to be used in a library supporting allied health educational programs or allied health personnel in either an academic or health care setting. Because of the impossibility of covering the large number and wide variety of allied health professions and occupations, the recommended publications are focused primarily on the educational programs listed and recognized by the American Medical Association and other accrediting bodies. Books and journals are categorized by subject; the book list is followed by an author/editor index, and the subject list of journals by an alphabetical title listing. Items suggested for initial purchase (167 books and 31 journals) are indicated by asterisks. To purchase the entire collection of books and journals (2000 subscriptions) would require an expenditure of about $31,970. The cost of only the asterisked items totals $12,515.</p>","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 3","pages":"218-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35230/pdf/i0025-7338-088-03-0218.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21767061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"J. Michael Homan, Medical Library Association President, 2000-2001.","authors":"R C Morris,&nbsp;D B Morris","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":"88 3","pages":"275-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35241/pdf/i0025-7338-088-03-0275.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21767071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keep those cards and letters coming!","authors":"T S Plutchak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72483,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Medical Library Association","volume":" ","pages":"261-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC35237/pdf/i0025-7338-088-03-0261.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24898765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}