British paramedic journal最新文献

{"title":"Hanging cases attended by North East Ambulance Service, 2020-2024: a service evaluation.","authors":"Gary Shaw, Lee Thompson, Graham McClelland","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suicide rates in England and Wales remain consistently high, with 10.7 deaths recorded per 100,000 people. The North East had the highest suicide rate in seven of the 10 most recent years. The most common method of suicide is hanging, which accounts for 60% of deaths. This study compares the latest findings regarding hangings within the North East of England to a previous service evaluation within this area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A service evaluation taken from a comprehensive pre-hospital trauma audit database that included children was subdivided into three specific groups: out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to hanging, strangulation and suffocation; attempted hanging, strangulation and suffocation (non-OHCA); and threatened hanging, strangulation and suffocation. Key findings within this evaluation are compared to a previous North East Ambulance Service evaluation, which covered the period from 1 December 2018 to 31 November 2020 and recorded 604 cases. This evaluation recorded a greater number of cases and highlighted that the number of hanging cases had doubled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study reports on hanging cases between 1 December 2020 and 29 February 2024 and includes 2001 cases. The number of cases increased from 0.8 per day in the previous evaluation to 1.6 cases per day. The data showed rises within the female population in both the non-OHCA and threatened categories. There was found to be a rise in patients who had made a previous suicide attempt by hanging. Two thirds of cases were found to be from the most deprived postcodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The number of hanging cases within the North East region continues to rise. The second evaluation included data recorded over the COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown period and may suggest an increase in hanging attempts within vulnerable groups of patients. The data suggests a socio-economic link, which may account for the high numbers of hangings being recorded in the most deprived areas of the North East.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 3","pages":"54-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12699509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation into the experiences of those paramedics rotating in primary care from South Western Ambulance Service: a qualitative study.","authors":"Georgina Lambert","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme expands roles, including that of paramedics, and funding into the existing workforce in primary care. This has been laid out in the five-year general practice contract reform framework, with the goal of transforming and evolving the way in which primary care is delivered. Paramedics are rotating from the ambulance service into primary care to help tackle workforce shortages. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the experience of those paramedics rotating into primary care from the ambulance service.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study utilised convenience sampling of paramedics who were on rotation in primary care within one ambulance service. Eight semi-structured interviews took place.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three key themes of supervision, education and workforce planning were established. Day-to-day supervision was often seen; however, more formal supervision, such as having a designated mentor and completing the first-contact practitioner (FCP) portfolio, was inconsistent. There were clear core skill educational gaps between ambulance paramedics and those that work in primary care. A workforce model, and how this affects the wider system, was discussed, including issues of retention, decision making and referrals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inconsistent supervision in primary care for FCP roles is evident across disciplines, with physiotherapists acknowledging the same shortcomings. There is a need for more structured support, with access to a mentor / supervision with any FCP role. Within the primary care training period there is a need for a training needs analysis and educational days to support core skills gaps. Due to the positive workforce planning, it is seen that rotations in primary care help to retain staff and have some clear system benefits. To further this, an expansion of the rotations into other areas within the NHS should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 3","pages":"47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12699515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency medical dispatchers' experiences using MPDS Protocol 24 for maternity telephone triage: a questionnaire study.","authors":"Joanna Shaw, Ayoola Ariyibi, Justin Kearney, Rachael T Fothergill","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study explored emergency medical dispatchers' (EMDs) experiences of using the Medical Priority Dispatch System (MPDS) Protocol 24 (P24) to gain insights into its usability and appropriateness for triaging maternity calls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A semi-structured cross-sectional survey comprising a combination of 43 closed and open-ended questions was administered to EMDs in a large UK urban ambulance service. EMDs were invited to anonymously complete the questionnaire over a six-week period; a total of 89 EMDs responded. Six key themes were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants felt confident in their knowledge of maternal emergencies, but desired further training (89.9%). When a part of the baby was visible (87.6%) and known complications with the current pregnancy (85.4%) were the clinical factors mostly associated with maternal emergencies and were already well accounted for by P24. The patient being alone (47.2%) or in a public place (42.7%) was seen as an increased risk. However, in general, participants were less likely to associate these non-clinical factors with maternity emergencies.Specific questions were reported to be challenging to elicit a clear answer from callers, particularly those around the presence of known high-risk complications (44.9%), contractions (60.7%), miscarriage (51.7%) or complications with a newborn (52.8%). P24 instructions could do more to assist with difficult calls (68.5%) and with calls related to miscarriage (49.4%) or termination (29.2%). Participants felt the acuity level associated with certain calls could be refined, such as those related to uncomplicated births (25.8%), first-trimester serious haemorrhage (18.0%) and abdominal pain <5 weeks with no tissue or foetus (7.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, participants felt that maternity emergencies were mostly identified well but that improvements could be made to both the P24 questions and instructions, and that further training would improve user experience. Future research should assess the diagnostic accuracy of P24 and determine, if necessary, which questions could be refined to improve the effectiveness of EMD triage of maternity emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 3","pages":"18-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12699511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The self-reported opinions of ambulance personnel using a patient outcome feedback system in the emergency department.","authors":"Karen Chivers, Omar Touma, Victoire Vidart, Simon Bell","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ambulance clinicians manage a wide range of complex and often challenging clinical presentations. Despite spending significant time with patients during the pre-hospital phase, they rarely receive meaningful feedback on the diagnosis, progress or outcome of their patients from the hospital. This lack of structured feedback represents a missed opportunity for learning and emotional closure. To address this gap, Wexham Park Hospital (WPH) introduced a formal patient outcome feedback service for ambulance clinicians. This mixed-methods service evaluation aimed to explore the effectiveness and impact of the feedback service.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic questionnaire was distributed to all previous and present users of the feedback service. The questionnaire included 12 quantitative and qualitative items designed to explore users' experience. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, while qualitative responses underwent thematic analysis by all authors to identify key themes of the service's impact.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 101 questionnaires were completed and included in the analysis. Satisfaction with the service was very high: 98% of respondents reported being satisfied; 91% indicated that the feedback received was likely to influence their clinical practice; and 68% reported an impact on their mental well-being resulting from the feedback, assumed to be positive.Four domains of improved clinical care were identified by thematic analysis: diagnostic insight and knowledge development; clinical decision-making; confidence and professional growth; continued learning and reflection. The feedback was perceived to have a positive emotional and mental effect, providing clinicians with closure, peace of mind, reassurance and a reduction in uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The service was viewed by users to enhance clinical practice, support well-being and improve patient care. It fostered confidence in diagnostic and decision-making skills, reduced anxiety and uncertainty and encouraged self-reflection and professional growth. We recommend that feedback services be implemented at facilities where pre-hospital teams interface with hospital care providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 3","pages":"38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12699508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Just-in-case medication use by ambulance paramedics responding to end-of-life care in the community: protocol for a multi-method study (RELIEF).","authors":"Chris Moore, Mark Kingston, Idris Baker, Natasha Campling, Marika Hills, Emyr Jones, Sian Jones, Rashmi Kumar, Edward O'Brian, Alison Porter, Bernadette Sewell, Lauren Williams, Cendl Xanthe","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.1","DOIUrl":"10.29045/14784726.2025.12.10.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>At the end of life, anticipatory or just-in-case (JIC) medications may help manage patients' symptoms. Sometimes, emergency ambulances attend patients for whom JIC medications have not been prescribed. In Wales, UK, a Welsh Ambulance Services University NHS Trust (WAST) JIC intervention was launched in May 2020 in response to COVID-19, to enable ambulance paramedics to administer JIC medications to patients for whom they had not previously been prescribed. The ambulance JIC intervention is an ongoing feature of WAST pre-hospital care but has received limited evaluation. This study will explore the rationale, usage, costs and views of stakeholders of the WAST JIC medications intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We will employ a multi-method observational study design that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative aspects, informed by implementation science. We will prepare a detailed description of the WAST JIC medications intervention, its rationale and its use. We will interview paramedics and doctors who have provided the intervention, as well as paid and informal carers who were present during the care episode. We will also hold a focus group with paramedics who have not administered the intervention and undertake a cost analysis to estimate costs and savings associated with the intervention. We will use descriptive statistics to analyse quantitative data and a framework approach for qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study, which focuses on the voices of patient advocates and practitioners, has the potential to shape future provision of this and similar services in WAST and other care providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 3","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12699514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments in public health paramedicine: exploring the professional practice of ambulance clinicians in palliative and end-of-life care in a remote and rural setting.","authors":"Lisa Kamphausen, Els Freshwater","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.49","DOIUrl":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Professional practice in paramedicine is evolving rapidly, and with this evolution comes a growing ability - and responsibility - for paramedics to contribute to public health. Palliative and end-of-life care (PEOLC) public health is one such area where paramedicine has begun to contribute substantially and might still have significant untapped potential.This article explores developments in PEOLC paramedicine in the Scottish Highlands, an area classified as remote and rural, characterised by low population density, widely spaced communities and susceptibility to health inequalities created by access to healthcare, especially to specialist services. The role of paramedicine in PEOLC is examined in the context of public health priorities and policy, while considering the ability of paramedics to reduce health inequalities by widening access.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>An informal literature search was conducted to identify interventions through which paramedicine can make improvements to the experience of death and dying on a population level, and lead to substantial healthcare cost savings. These interventions range from reducing PEOLC hospital admissions through effective use of advance care planning, just-in-case medications and independent prescribing and local referral pathways, to effectively managing palliative emergencies amenable to treatment in hospital.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Paramedicine could thus play a significant role in making policy ambitions in PEOLC a reality, and conversely, achieving PEOLC policy ambitions might be difficult without support from paramedicine. Paramedics play a growing role in community healthcare provision, especially in remote and rural settings, by providing a link between care provided in the community and specialist services. Better integration of paramedicine into primary and secondary healthcare systems could facilitate turning more PEOLC public health theory into practice. The information collated in this discussion reinforces the need to reflect this potential in research funding allocation, in social and government policy development and in clinical practice decisions made by each individual paramedic.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 2","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed adrenaline administration prolongs adrenaline-to-ROSC interval in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.","authors":"Michael W Hubble, Stephen Taylor, Melisa Martin, Sara Houston, Ginny R Kaplan","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.8","DOIUrl":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous investigations reveal that protracted resuscitative efforts are associated with poorer long-term patient outcomes. Aside from certain patient characteristics and interventions, such as shockable rhythms, bystander CPR and early defibrillation, little is known about factors influencing resuscitation duration and time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). We hypothesised that early public safety answering point (PSAP) call-receipt-to-pressor (PSAP-to-pressor) administration would decrease the pressor-to-ROSC interval and shorten low-flow duration. Our objective was to quantify the relationship between the PSAP-to-pressor and pressor-to-ROSC intervals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis using the 2020 ESO dataset containing calls from January to December 2020. Adults with non-traumatic, bystander-witnessed arrests were included. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the association between PSAP-to-pressor interval and pressor-to-ROSC interval while controlling for potential confounders. The end of the event was defined as ROSC, field termination of resuscitation or hospital arrival without ROSC. Patients without ROSC upon hospital arrival were right censored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 10,093 patients had data sufficient for analysis. The mean age of the participants was 65.3 (±15.5) years and 64.5% were male. Presumed cardiac aetiology was present in 83.7% of arrests, 29.4% presented with a shockable rhythm and 35.9% attained ROSC. The mean PSAP-to-pressor and pressor-to-ROSC intervals were 16.2 (±5.0) and 14.6 (±11.1) minutes, respectively. The mean time from the first adrenaline administration to the end of the event was 32.7 (±1.0), 41.5 (±1.2) and 51.6 (±3.8) minutes for the 0-10-, 11-20- and 21-30-minute PSAP-to-pressor intervals, respectively (p <0.001). After controlling for confounders, the PSAP-to-pressor time interval was associated with decreased likelihood of ROSC (HR = 0.97 per minute, p <0.001). When stratified by 10-minute increments with 0-10 minutes as reference, PSAP-to-pressor was negatively associated with ROSC for the 11-20- (HR = 0.86, p = 0.002) and 21-30- (HR = 0.66, p <0.001) minute categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This retrospective analysis from a national database revealed that increasing delays to first adrenaline administration were associated with prolonged resuscitation duration after drug administration and decreasing likelihood of ROSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 2","pages":"8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative exploration of behaviours and lifestyle factors impacting levels of vitamin D within a UK ambulance service workforce (EVOLVED).","authors":"Emma Duncan, Theresa Foster, Larissa Prothero, Clair Hinkins, Shona Brown, Tessa Noakes, Callum Brown","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.1","DOIUrl":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency can impact health and well-being and may affect workplace performance. Shift, indoor and night working, alongside variable awareness of vitamin D, likely puts ambulance staff at an increased risk of deficiency. Screening in one ambulance service detected that 46% of staff had insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels (i.e. 50.0 nmol/L or less, as defined by NICE). The aim of the EVOLVED study was to explore the behaviours and lifestyle factors of ambulance service staff with a range of vitamin D levels and understand the impacts on their work and personal lives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A purposive sample of 40 ambulance staff was recruited over four months and invited to a one-hour online semi-structured interview. Interviews explored behaviours and lifestyle factors of those above and below the recommended adequate vitamin D levels and included questions about the impacts of vitamin D level on personal and professional well-being, with the opportunity to suggest possible improvements. Interview transcription analysis was undertaken using an intuitive thematic analysis strategy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were aged between 21 and 69 years and worked in varying roles, including control room (n = 9), operational (n = 20) and support staff (n = 11) and included those from diverse ethnic backgrounds to represent Trust demographics. Five themes were identified: reaction to result; diet; deficiency symptoms and impacts; impact of work on maintaining adequate vitamin D levels; and activity levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A lack of awareness of vitamin D-related issues was identified, alongside a variety of improvement suggestions, including participants emphasising the importance of awareness, to allow staff to take responsibility to promote their own health and well-being. Strategies to promote awareness of vitamin D should be considered to improve staff well-being in this area. Participants positively perceived research exploring staff health and well-being, highlighting this as an area for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 2","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-fidelity simulation in healthcare education: Design and delivery considerations for optimising teaching and learning in higher education.","authors":"Jon Newton","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.55","DOIUrl":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Simulation-based learning (SBL) is a recognised teaching and learning tool within higher education (HE) and one capable of facilitating skill retention and knowledge retrieval. Successfully achieving these outcomes relies on effective design, delivery and debriefing; yet a limited range of publications draw together these fundamental components. High-fidelity simulation (HFS) describes a sub-division of SBL that, in recent years, has generated traction within healthcare education.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To support educators in orchestrating HFS with greater impact and influence, the author set out to compose an article outlining five constructs that collectively possess scope to optimise HE teaching and learning outcomes. These five constructs consist of: (1) creating a believable scenario; (2) integrating the five principles of 'fidelity harmony'; (3) selecting an appropriate modality; (4) adopting a clear pedagogical stance; and (5) amalgamating concepts of experiential learning theory into the briefing and debriefing. When dynamically incorporated, important gaps between theory and practice can be bridged and learner experience will be significantly enhanced.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article offers HE educators a series of recommendations for creating deeply immersive learning experiences for augmenting learner performance, and provides a new definition for HFS, which challenges the erroneous notion that 'high fidelity' represents 'high technology'.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 2","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory study comparing a single episode of feedback with regular feedback and no feedback on BVM ventilation during a simulated cardiac arrest over a six-month time frame: a research protocol.","authors":"Graham McClelland, Owen Finney, Karl Charlton, Benjamin Kirk, Laura Blair, Sarah Hepburn","doi":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.34","DOIUrl":"10.29045/14784726.2025.9.10.2.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a major cause of mortality in the UK, with survival rates remaining low despite advancements in resuscitation techniques. The European Resuscitation Council and Resuscitation Council UK guidelines recommend controlled ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), yet studies show that ambulance clinicians often fail to meet these standards. In particular, hyperventilation has been linked to worse outcomes. This protocol describes a study that will explore the impact of different applications of real-time ventilation feedback on the quality of ventilations during CPR in a simulated environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory simulation study will assess the effectiveness of real-time feedback on the quality of ventilations delivered by ambulance clinicians. Participants from North East NHS Foundation Trust will be randomly assigned to three arms, receiving a single episode of feedback, regular feedback or no feedback (used as a control group). Each arm will complete four simulated OHCA scenarios over six months, and their ventilation quality will be assessed at each session. The primary outcome will be the quality of ventilations, measured by rate and tidal volume, at the six-month mark. Secondary outcomes include trends in ventilation quality over time and participant characteristics.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study aims to explore whether regular feedback improves the quality of ventilations during CPR and whether feedback sessions influence skill retention over a six-month period. Findings could inform training strategies, highlighting the role of real-time feedback in maintaining high-quality CPR skills. With a lack of prior research on ventilation skill maintenance in the UK, this study is expected to provide valuable insights into optimising clinical performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72470,"journal":{"name":"British paramedic journal","volume":"10 2","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}