BMJ oncology最新文献

{"title":"Research priorities to improve cancer care for people with intellectual disabilities across the cancer continuum","authors":"Maarten Cuypers, Deborah Cairns, Kathryn A. Robb","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional disparities in the use of intensive chemotherapy for AML in the Netherlands: does it influence survival?","authors":"Z. Kaplan, Nikki van Leeuwen, David van Klaveren, Otto Visser, E. Posthuma, D. van Lammeren-Venema, T. Snijders, C. Van Elssen, A. van Rhenen, Peter A von dem Borne, N. Blijlevens, Jan J Cornelissen, M. H. Raaijmakers, A. A. van de Loosdrecht, G. Huls, V. E. Lemmens, H. Lingsma, A. Dinmohamed","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2023-000264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2023-000264","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) prognosis is enhanced with intensive remission induction chemotherapy (ICT) in eligible patients. However, ICT eligibility perceptions may differ among healthcare professionals. This nationwide, population-based study aimed to explore regional variation in ICT application and its relation with overall survival (OS).We compared nine Dutch regional networks using data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Regional variance was assessed for the entire population and age subgroups (ie, ≤60 years and >60 years) using multivariable mixed effects logistic and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, expressed via median OR (MOR) and median HR (MHR).Including all adult AML patients from 2014 to 2018 (N=4060 patients; 58% males; median age, 70 years), 1761 (43%) received ICT. ICT application varied from 36% to 57% (MOR 1.36 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.58)) across regions, with minor variations for patients aged ≤60 years (MOR 1.16 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.40)) and more extensive differences for those aged >60 years (MOR 1.43 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.63)). Median OS spanned 4.9–8.4 months across regions (MHR 1.11 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.15)), with pronounced differences in older patients (MHR 1.12 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.20)) but negligible differences in the younger group (MHR 1.02 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.14)). Survival differences for the total population and the older patients decreased to respectively, MHR 1.09 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.13) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.18), after additional adjustment for the probability of receiving ICT within a region, indicating approximately 10% unexplained differences.Regional disparities in ICT application and survival exist, especially in older AML patients. However, ICT application differences partially explain survival disparities, indicating the need for more standardised ICT eligibility criteria and a better understanding of underlying causes of outcome disparities.","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the regional use of intensive chemotherapy impact the outcome of adults with AML?","authors":"C. Orvain","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000480","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141703920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio as a new prognostic tool for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma receiving first-line immuno-oncology combinations","authors":"Kosuke Takemura, Daniel Y C Heng","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000481","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability of quality-of-life results for clinical decisions: an evolving scenario","authors":"M. Di Maio","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"25 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of hormonal carcinogenesis for transgender and gender-diverse people undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy: an up-to-date review.","authors":"Alberto Giovanni Leone, Stefania Bonadonna, Chiara Cassani, Amelia Barcellini, Marianna Sirico, Barbara Tagliaferri, Stefano Maccarone, Davide Dalu, Lorenzo Ruggieri, Filippo Ghelardi, Matteo Lambertini, Simone Nardin, Rossana Berardi, Nicla La Verde, Francesco Perrone, Saverio Cinieri, Dario Trapani, Filippo Pietrantonio","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000330","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals face an elevated risk of cancer in comparison with the general population. This increased risk is primarily attributed to an imbalanced exposure to modifiable risk factors and a limited adherence to cancer screening programmes, stemming from historical social and economic marginalisation. Consequently, these factors contribute to poorer clinical outcomes in terms of cancer diagnosis and mortality. A focal point of interest is the potential carcinogenic effect of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). It is crucial to recognise that GAHT serves as an essential, life-saving treatment for TGD individuals. Therefore, if a demonstrated direct correlation between GAHT and elevated cancer risk emerges, essential shared decision-making discussions should occur between oncology practitioners and patients. This narrative review aims to collect and discuss evidence regarding potential correlations between GAHT and the most prevalent tumours known to be influenced by sex hormones. The objective is to comprehend how these potential carcinogenic effects impact health and inform health interventions for TGD individuals. Unfortunately, the scarcity of epidemiological data on cancer incidence in the TGD population persists due to the absence of sexual orientation and gender identity data collection in cancer centres. Consequently, in most cases, establishing a positive or negative correlation between GAHT and cancer risk remains speculative. There is an urgent need for concerted efforts from researchers and clinicians worldwide to overcome barriers and enhance cancer prevention and care in this specific population.</p>","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"e000330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood-based DNA methylation markers for lung cancer prediction.","authors":"Justina Ucheojor Onwuka, Florence Guida, Ryan Langdon, Mikael Johansson, Gianluca Severi, Roger L Milne, Pierre-Antoine Dugué, Melissa C Southey, Paolo Vineis, Torkjel Sandanger, Therese Haugdahl Nøst, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Caroline Relton, Hilary A Robbins, Matthew Suderman, Mattias Johansson","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000334","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Screening high-risk individuals with low-dose CT reduces mortality from lung cancer, but many lung cancers occur in individuals who are not eligible for screening. Risk biomarkers may be useful to refine risk models and improve screening eligibility criteria. We evaluated if blood-based DNA methylation markers can improve a traditional lung cancer prediction model.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This study used four prospective cohorts with blood samples collected prior to lung cancer diagnosis. The study was restricted to participants with a history of smoking, and one control was individually matched to each lung cancer case using incidence density sampling by cohort, sex, date of blood collection, age and smoking status. To train a DNA methylation-based risk score, we used participants from Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study-Australia (n=648) and Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study-Sweden (n=380) based on five selected CpG sites. The risk discriminative performance of the methylation score was subsequently validated in participants from European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Italy (n=267) and Norwegian Women and Cancer-Norway (n=185) and compared with that of the questionnaire-based PLCOm2012 lung cancer risk model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the PLCOm2012 model in the validation studies was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65 to 0.75) compared with 0.73 (95% CI: 0.68 to 0.77) for the methylation score model (<i>P</i> _difference=0.07). Incorporating the methylation score with the PLCOm2012 model did not improve the risk discrimination (AUC: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.77, <i>P</i> _difference=0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that the methylation-based risk prediction score alone provides similar lung cancer risk-discriminatory performance as the questionnaire-based PLCOm2012 risk model.</p>","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"e000334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining national research priorities for prostate cancer in Zambia: using the Delphi process for comprehensive cancer policy setting in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"D. Lombe, M. Mwamba, M. Simwinga, Virginia Bond, A. Ssemata, R. Muhumuza, Janet Seeley, K. Lishimpi, Victor Mapulanga, John Kachimba, Ajay Aggarwal, S. Msadabwe","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2023-000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2023-000172","url":null,"abstract":"Locally led research on cancer is needed in sub-Saharan Africa to set feasible research priorities that inform national policy. The aim of this project was to develop a research agenda for national cancer control planning, using a nationally driven approach, focused on barriers to diagnosis and high-quality treatment for prostate cancer in Zambia.This was a Delphi process. 29 stakeholders were scored barriers on feasibility, the proportion of patients affected, the impact on patient outcomes and if there was a potential to address health systems barriers meaningfully. There were three rounds (R) to the process: (R1 and R2) by electronic survey and (R3) in-person meeting. In R1 statements scoring above 15 from over 70% of participants were prioritised immediately for R3 discussion. Those scoring below 30% were dropped and those in between were re-surveyed in R2.22 and 17 of the 29 stakeholders responded to R1 and R2. 14 stakeholders attended R3. National priority research areas for prostate cancer in Zambia were identified as prostate cancer awareness; building affordable high-quality diagnostic capacity; affordability of specialist cancer treatments; supporting better access to medicines; delivery and coordination of services across the pathway and staff training.The suggested seven priority areas allow for the development of the prostate cancer control programme to be conducted in a holistic manner. The expectation is with this guidance international partners can contribute within the frameworks of the local agenda for sustainable development to be realised.","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141032699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the evidence exist for the deployment of AI in cancer therapies?","authors":"Keith Langmack","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000448","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141030144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Careful take-off by the EQ-5D-5L tool in lung cancer: fly little one, fly!","authors":"Kurt G Tournoy","doi":"10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjonc-2024-000405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72436,"journal":{"name":"BMJ oncology","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141039157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}