Optics and Spectroscopy最新文献

{"title":"Peculiarities of Excitation of a Harmonic Oscillator for Various Driving-Pulse Parameters","authors":"V. A. Astapenko,&nbsp;Yu. A. Krotov,&nbsp;S. V. Sakhno","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700322","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dependence of energy transferred to a damped harmonic oscillator by a pulse of periodic force on pulse duration, carrier frequency, and shape of the pulse envelope is investugated. The cases of pulses with an exponential and Gaussian shape of the envelope are analyzed. Analytical expressions describing the process are obtained. It is established that the dependence of energy transferred to the oscillator on pulse duration in the case of an exponential pulse can have an inflection point, while extrema appear in the discussed dependence at sufficiently large offset of the pulse carrier frequency from the oscillator natural frequency in the case of a Gaussian pulse. It is demonstrated that the number of quanta and the amplitude of the average value of the coordinate operator upon excitation of a quantum oscillator are determined by the same dependences on the driving-pulse parameters as in the case of the classical oscillator.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"132 1","pages":"50 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Acoustic Wave Devices on Frequency Harmonics. Features of Calculating SAW Parameters by the Finite Element Method","authors":"A. S. Koigerov","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700334","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700334","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work is devoted to problems arising in calculation of parameters of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) of the main and multiple frequency harmonics using the finite element method. The technique and main features of the SAW analysis by a numerical method are considered. Simple one-wavelength test cells were chosen as the main mode of the study. It is shown that, using these SAW parameters in the analytical modified coupling-of-modes model, one can preliminarily calculate amplitude–frequency responses of SAW devices using higher-order frequency harmonics. The calculation results are compared with experimental measurements of the transfer coefficients of SAW filter and SAW delay line.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"132 1","pages":"54 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Permeability of Dual-Sized Replicated Aluminum Foam","authors":"A. B. Finkelshtein,&nbsp;S. N. Zlygostev","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700267","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700267","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The replicated aluminum foam technology implies impregnation of the water-soluble filler (NaCl) with a melt. Products made of replicated aluminum foam have a porosity range of 40–70% and a rather high prime cost; hence, they cannot be commercially competitive as a structural material with an aluminum foam with its porosity of 80–95% and low prime cost. Still, replicated aluminum foam is recognized as an excellent functional material for transferring liquids and gases, and products from it are used as filters. The operational life before cleaning is an important operation parameter of a filtering element. It is determined by porosity, which can be increased using filler multifraction beds. However, to predict the filtering element characteristics, the number of fractions was limited to two, which makes it possible to increase porosity by 10–15%. The size of fine filler fractions was 200–400, 400–630, and 1000–1600 μm in the proportion 30, 50, and 70%, and the coarse fraction was 2500–4000 μm in size. Preparing the filler bed consists in mixing two fractions in a certain proportion and heating up the filler bed in a box resistance furnace with subsequent filling it into a metal mold and pouring with AlSi melt. Impregnation of the filler with the melt was ensured by vacuuming the mold. After crystallization of the casting, it was machined by cutting out a cylindrical sample from the bottom of the composite casting, and then the filler was dissolved in water. The coefficient of permeability of dual-sized replicated aluminum foam was experimentally studied by the nonstationary method. The additive dependence of the permeability coefficient on the proportions and permeability coefficients of monofractions is shown. Permeability coefficients of monofractions are calculated using the model of concentration of single resistances. A review of dual-sized bed permeability models is performed, and it is shown that the Kazemi model is most consistent with the experimental data obtained. A discrepancy with the experiment is evident only at a significant difference of fraction sizes, with a small size of the fine fraction, which is caused by the loosening effect. The obtained results make it possible to design filtering elements with a higher porosity.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"131 11","pages":"1178 - 1183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Transfer in a Three-Layer Strain Joint System at Microwave Heating","authors":"O. R. Dornyak,&nbsp;A. B. Nedonoskov","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700279","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700279","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A mathematical model of microwave heating of the deformation joint of a rigid airfield coating has been presented. The development of the temperature field has been studied numerically on the basis of calculations of the distribution of the electric field intensity generated by the radiation source. The simulation results have been compared and confirmed by experimental data obtained by direct measurements in a specially designed model microwave heating system.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"132 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the Emissivity of Charges","authors":"I. P. Popov","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700176","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700176","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is assumed that an electric charge moving along a circular path, i.e., with centripetal acceleration, necessarily emits photons. The purpose of this work is to establish the conditions for the radiation of an electric charge proceeding from significant differences between its tangential and centripetal accelerations. Materials and methods. The starting point is a credible statement. A number of mathematically correct transformations are performed with it. Therefore, the result is necessarily reliable. Since electromagnetic radiation carries away energy, the energy of the radiating system changes during radiation. Associated with this is the following well-known rule: change in energy is equal to the work performed. The research results can be used in the construction of theoretical models of phenomena and processes, as well as considered in technical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"131 12","pages":"1218 - 1220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young’s Single- and Double-Slit Experiments in Terms of the Feynman Amplitudes, Green’s Functions, and Photon Coordinate Wave Functions","authors":"A. P. Davydov,&nbsp;D. M. Dolgushin,&nbsp;T. P. Zlydneva,&nbsp;N. R. Faizrakhmanov","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700164","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Young’s single- and double-slit experiments are explained using six-component quantum and one-component quasi-classical photon wave functions in the coordinate representation, which are modeled by different mechanisms of photon diffraction on slits or simultaneous emission of two photons by (two) independent sources. This explanation is compared with the well-known statement about the interference of a particle with itself when passing through both slits simultaneously in the Young’s experiment on the basis of the postulated Feynman amplitudes. It is argued that these amplitudes cannot be wave functions, in the literal sense, describing some states of quantum particles. In all cases, under the assumption of the linear polarization of photons, a pronounced interference pattern has been obtained, which suggests that the coordinate wave function of a photon can explain the phenomena of the one- and two-photon interference. This conclusion, in turn, makes it possible to associate the coordinate wave function of a photon (two photons, in the entangled state) measured in some recent experiments with the quasi-classical wave function of a photon (two photons), although it does not take into account its (their) polarization properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"131 11","pages":"1164 - 1177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculations of the Amplitude of Vibrations in Resonant and Near-Resonant Processes of a Vibrating Centrifugal Separator","authors":"A. B. Golovanchikov,&nbsp;O. A. Zalipaeva,&nbsp;N. A. Merentsov,&nbsp;Yu. N. Raeva","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700255","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the known differential and integral equations of the balance of forces acting on a spring pendulum, an algorithm for calculating the amplitude of its vibrations is considered when the natural vibration frequency coincides or is close to the vibration frequency of the coerced force of a vibrating centrifugal separator. An example is given how to calculate the vibration amplitude of a vibrating centrifugal separator depending on the spring elasticity coefficient, the vibrating mass, and the resistance of the medium in which the vibrating mass is suspended.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"131 12","pages":"1185 - 1189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Methods for Solving Problems of Transient Heat Conduction of Plane Layered Media","authors":"A. B. Petrin","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700292","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700292","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The problem about heat propagation from a transient point heat source located inside or outside a plane layered heat-conducting medium is studied. The transient problem is reduced to the harmonic point heat source problem for which the reflection method is generalized. The developed reflection method for a point harmonic source is generalized to the case of an arbitrary system of sources and applied to solving problems of transient heat conduction of plane layered media with axially symmetric heat sources with a complex shape.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"132 1","pages":"17 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Intensity and Energy Flux in the Focus of the High-Numeric-Aperture Conventional and Spiral Zone Plates","authors":"E. S. Kozlova,&nbsp;A. A. Savel’eva,&nbsp;V. V. Kotlyar","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700139","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using simulation by means of the finite difference method in the time domain (FDTD), we demonstrated that focal spots of different shape with respect to both intensity and energy flux form upon tight focusing of a Gaussian linearly polarized beam containing an optical vortex by a Fresnel zone plate and upon focusing of a Gaussian beam by a spiral zone plate. The most significant differences are observed for the topological charge equal three. The energy flux upon focusing of a Gaussian beam by a Fresnel zone plate has a ring distribution, while the distribution of intensity and energy flux upon beam focusing by a spiral zone plate has three local maxima, which corresponds to the spiral-zone-plate order. The petal structure of intensity (and the energy flux) changes to a ring distribution at a certain distance from the focus.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"131 12","pages":"1209 - 1217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Increasing Piezomodules of the Initially Compressed Flexible Bimorph","authors":"A. A. Pan’kov","doi":"10.1134/S0030400X24700280","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0030400X24700280","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The object of the study is flexible piezoelectric bimorphs of rod and membrane types, consisting of two or more homogeneous piezoelectric layers (films) of equal thickness with the same or opposite-directional polarization, interlayer, and external electrodes (are electrode coatings). The solution of the actual problem has been considered: increasing the operating characteristics of flexible piezoelectric bimorphs for more efficient use as generators of electric energy, sensors, and actuators—converters of control electrical signals into movement of working surfaces for manipulating or assembling microscale objects. The regularities of the influence of the magnitude of the initial longitudinal load applied to the ends of a bimorphic rod or uniformly distributed along the outer circular contour (perimeter) of the bimorphic round membrane on the resulting performance values for flexible piezoelectric bimorphs of the rod and membrane types, respectively, have been investigated. We believe that the magnitude of the longitudinal force applied to the movable end of the rod bimorph or to the outer perimeter of the membrane does not change over time and does not exceed the corresponding value of the strength of instability considering the cantilever or hinge fastening of the bimorph. Therefore, we have variable multidirectional bending directions of the bimorph (actuator) when an alternating control electric voltage is applied to the electrodes, i.e., when the sign of the control electric voltage is changed, the direction of bending (blocking force) also changes to the opposite one and after “switching off” the control electric voltage, the bimorph returns from the curved state to the original rectilinear one. Analytical solutions have been obtained for the deformation fields: deflections and angles of rotation of working cross sections of flexible piezoelectric bimorphs using the well-known “hypothesis of flat sections” and the method of Mor’s integrals in Mechanics of Materials. The effect of increasing the resulting deflections and blocking forces of flexible piezoelectric bimorphs because of the action of the initial compressive load has been identified and studied. The results of numerical modeling have been obtained for a flexible rod bimorph made of PZT piezoceramic layers, the effective deformation characteristics of which were determined by solving the reverse problem on the basis of the results of other authors. The cases of cantilever and hinge fastening of the ends of the rod bimorph have been considered. It has been found that the magnitude of the blocking force for the bimorph in the form of a hinged rod significantly exceeds that for the bimorph in the form of a cantilever, while the action of the longitudinal compressive force linearly increases the magnitude of the deflection and blocking force of the bimorph.</p>","PeriodicalId":723,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Spectroscopy","volume":"132 1","pages":"9 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}