Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research最新文献_第3页

Trajectory of Irritability in Autistic and Typically Developing Youth From Early Childhood to Adolescence. 孤独症和典型发展青少年从幼儿期到青春期易怒的发展轨迹。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70100

Catrina A Calub, Ana-Maria Iosif, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Julie B Schweitzer

{"title":"Trajectory of Irritability in Autistic and Typically Developing Youth From Early Childhood to Adolescence.","authors":"Catrina A Calub, Ana-Maria Iosif, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Julie B Schweitzer","doi":"10.1002/aur.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70100","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines changes in irritability from early childhood to adolescence and differences by diagnostic group, sex, and early childhood nonverbal and verbal abilities. Participants included 243 autistic (AUT) and 194 typically developing (TD) children, with 20% of participants being female, 47% identifying as non-White, and 26% identifying as Hispanic. Data were drawn from the CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment) Study, which evaluated children at ages 2-5 years and followed up during pre- (ages 8-12) or late (ages 15-19) adolescence through the ReCHARGE Study. Irritability was higher in the AUT group than in the TD group across all time points; participants overall experienced a decrease in irritability over time. A three-way interaction among sex, diagnosis, and time emerged in late adolescence but not in pre-adolescence, and this effect remained significant even after adjusting for early cognitive abilities. Specifically, TD males and females, and AUT males, showed reductions in irritability, while AUT females exhibited persistently high irritability. In pre-adolescence, higher early verbal and nonverbal cognitive abilities were linked to greater reductions in irritability regardless of diagnosis, whereas in late adolescence, only nonverbal ability predicted irritability change, with this effect specific to autistic youth. Higher levels of adolescent psychopathology were associated with less improvement in irritability, regardless of diagnostic group. Collectively, these findings reveal that while irritability generally decreases over time, its trajectory varies by diagnostic group, sex, and early cognitive ability-highlighting the importance of early identification and interventions, particularly in autistic females, targeting irritability to support positive long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Trial of Occupational Therapy Using Ayres Sensory Integration and Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autistic Children. 运用Ayres感觉统合与应用行为分析干预的自闭症儿童作业治疗之比较研究。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70099

Roseann C Schaaf, Elizabeth M Ridgway, Emily A Jones, Rachel L Dumont, John Foxe, Tim Conly, Catherine Sancimino, Misung Yi, Zoe Mailloux, Joanne M Hunt, Leon Kirschner, Ben E Leiby, Sophie Molholm

{"title":"A Comparative Trial of Occupational Therapy Using Ayres Sensory Integration and Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autistic Children.","authors":"Roseann C Schaaf, Elizabeth M Ridgway, Emily A Jones, Rachel L Dumont, John Foxe, Tim Conly, Catherine Sancimino, Misung Yi, Zoe Mailloux, Joanne M Hunt, Leon Kirschner, Ben E Leiby, Sophie Molholm","doi":"10.1002/aur.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70099","url":null,"abstract":"Many autistic children demonstrate sensory integration differences that impact their participation in daily living activities and tasks. Occupational Therapy using Ayres Sensory Integration (OT-ASI) is an evidence-based intervention for autistic children that addresses the sensory integrative factors impacting daily living skills and participation in a variety of tasks and activities. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is the recommended evidence-based practice for autism to improve a range of developmental domains. This study compared Occupational Therapy using Ayres Sensory Integration, Applied Behavior Analysis, and no treatment on daily living skills and individualized goals for autistic children who also show sensory differences. A parallel arm comparative effectiveness trial design with participants randomized equally to OT-ASI, ABA, or no treatment. Intervention consisted of 30 one-hour sessions. Significant gains in individualized goals, measured by Goal Attainment Scaling, were found in both treatment arms over the no treatment group. Both the OT-ASI and the ABA groups improved in daily living skills measured on the Pediatric Evaluation of Disabilities Inventory; although the improvements over the no treatment group were not significant. Both OT-ASI and ABA improved individualized goals and daily living skills at comparable levels. These findings are discussed in light of their implications for intervention. Trial Registration: NCT02536365.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screen to Screen Versus Face to Face: Evaluating Telehealth Autism Diagnostic Assessments for Young Children in a Diverse Clinical Setting. 筛查与面对面：在不同的临床环境中评估幼儿远程医疗自闭症诊断评估。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70113

Rebecca Sutherland, Marie Antoinette Hodge, Kelsie Boulton, Sarah Baracz, Gillian Brooks, Beverley Bennett, Natalie Ong, Angela Papanicolaou, Gail Tomsic, Marcia Williamsz, Adam Guastella, Natalie Silove

{"title":"Screen to Screen Versus Face to Face: Evaluating Telehealth Autism Diagnostic Assessments for Young Children in a Diverse Clinical Setting.","authors":"Rebecca Sutherland, Marie Antoinette Hodge, Kelsie Boulton, Sarah Baracz, Gillian Brooks, Beverley Bennett, Natalie Ong, Angela Papanicolaou, Gail Tomsic, Marcia Williamsz, Adam Guastella, Natalie Silove","doi":"10.1002/aur.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70113","url":null,"abstract":"Access to autism diagnostic assessments continues to be problematic for many families and children. While telehealth assessments have been shown to be feasible and reliable in research settings, less is known about the agreement between telehealth autism assessments compared with in-person evaluations in clinical settings with linguistic, cultural, and social diversity. Twenty-one minimally verbal children (between 23.9 and 51.7 months, mean = 36.5 months, SD = 8 months) participated in a telehealth autism assessment (the TELE-ASD-PEDS; TAP) with a parent, and then in an in-person, multidisciplinary team assessment. Telehealth clinicians were blinded to history and questionnaire information; in-person clinicians were blinded to the telehealth results. Assessment results in each setting, along with diagnostic impression (telehealth) and diagnostic outcome (in-person), were compared. Assessment scores across the settings showed very good agreement and were strongly correlated (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). There was diagnostic agreement (either autism/autism or no-autism/no-autism) for 19/21 children, or 90% of the participants. This study adds to the growing literature on autism diagnostic assessments administered via telehealth. Our research builds on previous work by comparing telehealth findings directly with in-person assessment and diagnostic results. The results of the present study yielded high rates of diagnostic agreement as well as strong agreement between telehealth and in-person assessment scores for young children with limited language and high levels of autism symptoms, which to our knowledge, have not to date been directly compared.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence of Physical Health Conditions in Autistic Children Within 5 Years After Their Autism Diagnosis. 自闭症儿童诊断后5年内身体健康状况的发生率

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70109

Yu-Chieh Chuang, Yu-Jui Huang, Meng-Chuan Lai, Sheng-Siang Su, Chian-Jue Kuo

{"title":"Incidence of Physical Health Conditions in Autistic Children Within 5 Years After Their Autism Diagnosis.","authors":"Yu-Chieh Chuang, Yu-Jui Huang, Meng-Chuan Lai, Sheng-Siang Su, Chian-Jue Kuo","doi":"10.1002/aur.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70109","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the incidence of physical illnesses of autistic young children compared with children in the general population. This population-based study included children (aged ≤ 5 years) with newly diagnosed autism (autism group), followed up for 5 years after their autism diagnoses. Data were collected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database in the period of 2000-2019. Autistic children (n = 45,680) were matched (1:20; by age and sex [assigned at birth]) with a comparison group from the general population (n = 913,600). We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for physical illnesses diagnosed within 5 years after autism diagnoses. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression models adjusted for person-time and stratified by sex and the presence/absence of intellectual disabilities. The prevalence of almost all illnesses across major organ systems after 1 year of autism diagnosis was higher in the autism group than in the comparison group. The autism group exhibited significantly elevated incidence of cardiovascular disorders, cerebrovascular disorders, and endocrine diseases within 1 year after autism diagnosis (IRR 2.30-71.42). Although the incidence rates of these illnesses decreased over the 5-year follow-up period in the autism group, they remained higher than those in the comparison group, with most IRRs exceeding 2 in the fifth year after autism diagnosis. The IRRs were significant in both autistic male and female children and those with and without intellectual disabilities, although those with intellectual disabilities displayed descriptively larger IRRs. Autistic young children have heightened risks of being diagnosed with physical illnesses soon after their autism diagnoses. Future research should understand the etiological associations between autism and physical illnesses to offer tailored care from early in life.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dis/Associations Between Language and In-the-Moment Mental Rotation Effort in Autism. 自闭症患者语言与即时心理旋转努力的关系。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70101

Caroline Larson, Laura M Morett, Sophie Barth, Stephanie Durrleman, Mila Vulchanova

{"title":"Dis/Associations Between Language and In-the-Moment Mental Rotation Effort in Autism.","authors":"Caroline Larson, Laura M Morett, Sophie Barth, Stephanie Durrleman, Mila Vulchanova","doi":"10.1002/aur.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70101","url":null,"abstract":"In-the-moment dissociations between language and visuospatial systems in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may explain notable heterogeneity observed in both language and visuospatial skills. The current study used pupillometry, a physiological measure of in-the-moment cognitive effort, during a mental rotation task to examine associations between structural language and visuospatial cognition. Participants were 25 children and young adults with ASD and 25 age- and IQ-matched neurotypical (NT) peers. The mental rotation task involved four conditions: two- and three-dimensional figures, and two- and three-dimensional objects. We measured structural language using the grammar subscale from the Test of Language Development: Intermediate. Growth-curve mixed-effects model results indicated no overall group differences in average pupil dilation or the time course of cognitive effort. Group differences were evident in the association between grammar skills and latency of cognitive effort for stimuli in the objects, 3D, and, more narrowly, 3D objects conditions. Autistic individuals with relatively better grammar skills deployed cognitive effort less efficiently, whereas, NT individuals with relatively better grammar skills deployed cognitive effort more efficiently. These findings suggest that language and visuospatial systems are more dissociated in autistic individuals than in NT peers. This work underscores the importance of examining the time course of how language and cognition interact in ASD.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Handwriting Performance in Autistic Children: A Randomized Crossover Study on the Effectiveness of a Spatial-Structured Handwriting Intervention Program. 提高自闭症儿童书写能力：空间结构书写干预方案有效性的随机交叉研究。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70102

Jia Le Pong, Tsu-Hsin Howe, Hao-Ling Chen, Zhi-Chi Weng, Tien-Ni Wang

{"title":"Enhancing Handwriting Performance in Autistic Children: A Randomized Crossover Study on the Effectiveness of a Spatial-Structured Handwriting Intervention Program.","authors":"Jia Le Pong, Tsu-Hsin Howe, Hao-Ling Chen, Zhi-Chi Weng, Tien-Ni Wang","doi":"10.1002/aur.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70102","url":null,"abstract":"Handwriting is an essential skill for school-aged children. Research indicates that autistic children often demonstrate poor handwriting fundamentals, which significantly affect their handwriting performance. These children also often exhibit weak central coherence (WCC), a cognitive visual processing characteristic that impairs their ability to integrate details into a cohesive whole in writing tasks. This challenge is particularly pronounced in logographic handwriting, where spatial relationships between radicals are essential for legibility, adding another layer of complexity. The modified geometric-based handwriting intervention program was designed to improve fundamental skills while addressing the spatial demands of logographic characters and the impact of WCC for autistic children. Twenty-two first- and second-grade autistic students were recruited and received a 12-h one-on-one handwriting intervention. Assessments of handwriting performance (legibility and speed), fundamental skills (visual perception, fine motor coordination, and visual-motor integration), and acceptability (motivation and satisfaction) were collected for data analysis. Results showed significant improvements in handwriting legibility, visual perception, and fine motor coordination, with high acceptance ratings from both participants and caregivers. This study provides evidence that the program effectively enhances handwriting legibility and foundational skills while maintaining high motivation levels in autistic children.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Auditory and Semantic Processing of Speech-in-Noise in Autism: A Behavioral and EEG Study. 自闭症在噪音中言语的听觉和语义加工：一项行为和脑电图研究。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70097

Jiayin Li, Maleeha Sujawal, Zivile Bernotaite, Ian Cunnings, Fang Liu

{"title":"Auditory and Semantic Processing of Speech-in-Noise in Autism: A Behavioral and EEG Study.","authors":"Jiayin Li, Maleeha Sujawal, Zivile Bernotaite, Ian Cunnings, Fang Liu","doi":"10.1002/aur.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70097","url":null,"abstract":"Autistic individuals often struggle to recognize speech in noisy environments, but the neural mechanisms behind these challenges remain unclear. Effective speech-in-noise (SiN) processing relies on auditory processing, which tracks target sounds amidst noise, and semantic processing, which further integrates relevant acoustic information to derive meaning. This study examined these two processes in autism. Thirty-one autistic and 31 non-autistic adults completed a sentence judgment task under three conditions: quiet, babble noise, and competing speech. Auditory processing was measured using EEG-derived temporal response functions (TRFs), which tracked how the brain follows speech sounds, while semantic processing was assessed via behavioral accuracy and the N400 component, a neural marker of semantic processing. Autistic participants showed reduced TRF responses and delayed N400 onset, indicating less efficient auditory processing and slower semantic processing, despite similar N400 amplitude and behavioral performance. Moreover, non-autistic participants demonstrated a trade-off between auditory and semantic processing resources. In the competing speech condition, they showed enhanced semantic integration but reduced neural tracking of auditory information when managing linguistic competition introduced by intelligible speech noise. In contrast, the autistic group showed no modulation of neural responses, suggesting reduced flexibility in adjusting auditory and semantic demands. These findings highlight distinct neural processing patterns in autistic individuals during SiN tasks, providing new insights into how atypical auditory and semantic processing shape SiN perception in autism.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transdiagnostic Examination of Interrelationships Between Anxiety, Insistence on Sameness and Compulsions. 焦虑、同一性坚持与强迫之间相互关系的跨诊断检验。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70096

Emily Spackman, Lacey Chetcuti, Emma K Baker, Emily F Ferguson, Benjamin E Yerys, John D Herrington, Thomas W Frazier, Susan R Leekam, Antonio Y Hardan, John W Harrington, Mirko Uljarević

{"title":"Transdiagnostic Examination of Interrelationships Between Anxiety, Insistence on Sameness and Compulsions.","authors":"Emily Spackman, Lacey Chetcuti, Emma K Baker, Emily F Ferguson, Benjamin E Yerys, John D Herrington, Thomas W Frazier, Susan R Leekam, Antonio Y Hardan, John W Harrington, Mirko Uljarević","doi":"10.1002/aur.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70096","url":null,"abstract":"Although insistence on sameness (IS) and compulsions occur across a wide range of neurodevelopmental (NDD) and neuropsychiatric (NPD) conditions, they are typically only examined within the confines of specific singular disorders. Indeed, while anxiety has been consistently linked to IS in autism and compulsions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), no empirical study has examined these associations in a sample spanning a range of NDD and NPD. Therefore, this study utilized a large sample of children and adolescents spanning several NDD and NPD to examine whether anxiety shows different patterns of association with IS or compulsions within and across diagnostic groups. The transdiagnostic sample encompassed youth (mean age = 10.36 [3.40]; N = 1852) diagnosed with autism (N = 387), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; N = 931), internalizing disorders (N = 208), OCD/Tic disorder (N = 59) and oppositional defiant/conduct disorder (ODD/CD; N = 267). IS and compulsions were assessed using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, and anxiety using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders. Within-group comparisons revealed that, in the autism, ADHD, and OCD/Tic groups, anxiety showed a slightly stronger association with IS than compulsions although effect sizes indicated small to no effect (q < 0.24). Between-group comparisons showed that interrelationships between anxiety, IS, and compulsions did not differ across groups, except for the association between IS and compulsions, which was slightly weaker in the ADHD group compared to the autism (z = 4.20) and ODD/CD groups (z = 3.32). Findings affirm the transdiagnostic nature of IS and compulsions and suggest that anxiety plays a key role in these behaviors, irrespective of primary diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144980672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterizing the Relationship Among the Social Competence Elements in Autistic Adolescents. 自闭症青少年社会能力要素间关系的特征分析。

IF 5.6

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70095

Alexandra P Key, Trey McGonigle, Jinyuan Liu, Rachael Muscatello, Philip Gable, Susan White, Matthew Lerner, Blythe A Corbett

{"title":"Characterizing the Relationship Among the Social Competence Elements in Autistic Adolescents.","authors":"Alexandra P Key, Trey McGonigle, Jinyuan Liu, Rachael Muscatello, Philip Gable, Susan White, Matthew Lerner, Blythe A Corbett","doi":"10.1002/aur.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aur.70095","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with autism spectrum disorder have significant difficulties in social competence. This study provided empirical evaluation of the theoretical model by Kennedy and Adolphs (2012) positing that social competence relies on an interconnected network of four components: social brain, cognition, behavior, and functioning. Data from 243 youth (69 female, 174 male), age 10-17 years, were used to test the hypothesized mediation effect of social cognition (Theory of Mind) from social brain (event-related potential markers of face perception and memory) to social behavior (Contextual Assessment of Social Skills) and functioning (Child Behavior Checklist). An additional analysis evaluated whether the structure of the social competence model varied based on the biological sex of the autistic participants. The findings support the conceptual model of social competence where the social brain's contributions to social behavior and functioning are mediated by social cognition, with an additional direct path between the brain and behavior. The relationship among the four components of social competence is not significantly different for autistic males and females. Social competence is best represented as a network of direct and indirect connections among the neural, cognitive, and behavioral components. Thus, focusing on any single element is not sufficient for effective design of novel assessment and treatment approaches in autism. The findings also highlight the importance of self-initiated active engagement with social cues as a contributor to successful social behavior and functioning in autism.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meta-Analysis of Soft Skills Interventions for Transition-Age Autistic Individuals. 过渡年龄自闭症个体软技能干预的meta分析。

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/aur.70085

Heerak Choi, Hyun-Ju Ju, Connie Sung

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Soft Skills Interventions for Transition-Age Autistic Individuals.","authors":"Heerak Choi, Hyun-Ju Ju, Connie Sung","doi":"10.1002/aur.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70085","url":null,"abstract":"There has been growing interest in developing and evaluating soft skills interventions for transition-age autistic individuals. While many interventions demonstrated effectiveness in improving social competence, there is limited evidence on the pooled effectiveness of these interventions. In response to the research gap, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of soft skills interventions in enhancing social competence among transition-age autistic individuals. A total of 18 articles consisting of eight randomized controlled trials and 10 pre- and post-intervention studies were identified after a systematic review, and the effectiveness of these interventions was examined using the meta package on R 4.4.1. The analysis revealed overall positive effects of soft skills interventions in social adjustment (g = 0.53, p < 0.0001), social performance (g = 0.87, p < 0.001), and social skills (g = 0.53, p < 0.0001) among the autistic individuals. Moderation analyses indicated no significant impact of sample and intervention characteristics on soft skills outcomes. This meta-analysis highlights the importance of soft skills interventions for transition-age autistic individuals in preparing for successful careers.","PeriodicalId":72339,"journal":{"name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0