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The EZ GCD algorithm EZ GCD算法
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805698
J. Moses, D. Yun
{"title":"The EZ GCD algorithm","authors":"J. Moses, D. Yun","doi":"10.1145/800192.805698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805698","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a preliminary report on a new algorithm for computing the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of two multivariate polynomials over the integers. The algorithm is strongly influenced by the method used for factoring multivariate polynomials over the integers. It uses an extension of the Hensel lemma approach originally suggested by Zassenhaus for factoring univariate polynomials over the integers. We point out that the cost of the Modular GCD algorithm applied to sparse multivariate polynomials grows at least exponentially in the number of variables appearing in the GCD. This growth is largely independent of the number of terms in the GCD. The new algorithm, called the EZ (Extended Zassenhaus) GCD Algorithm, appears to have a computing bound which in most cases is a polynomial function of the number of terms in the original polynomials and the sum of the degrees of the variables in them. Especially difficult cases for the EZ GCD Algorithm are described. Applications of the algorithm to the computation of contents and square-free decompositions of polynomials are indicated.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"99 1","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74501248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 83
COKO III and the future of inter-snap judgment communication COKO III和snap间判断通信的未来
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805706
E. W. Kozdrowicki, Dennis W. Cooper
{"title":"COKO III and the future of inter-snap judgment communication","authors":"E. W. Kozdrowicki, Dennis W. Cooper","doi":"10.1145/800192.805706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805706","url":null,"abstract":"A grandmaster usually spends a lifetime collecting knowledge or information about the game. Some of this knowledge is given to COKO in the form of a 12,000 line FORTRAN program. Using this knowledge COKO plays very poorly but at the super rate of approximately one move/sec. The use of a brute force selective tree searching procedure yields an order of magnitude improvement in performance at the standard rate of 3 min./move. Perhaps three orders of magnitude additional improvement is needed to defeat the world champion, a gap which must be bridged, if ever, by programming more chess knowledge into the machine. In addition “inter-snap judgment communication” is described as a natural, powerful procedure frequently used by humans to guide their selective search and as a point of emphasis for future development.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"42 1","pages":"213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76327162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Fortran language anticipation and prompting system 一个Fortran语言预测和提示系统
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805701
John H. Pinc, Earl J. Schweppe
{"title":"A Fortran language anticipation and prompting system","authors":"John H. Pinc, Earl J. Schweppe","doi":"10.1145/800192.805701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805701","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental interactive system has been developed on an intelligent terminal which accepts only syntactically correct Fortran statements and otherwise assists the user in preparing Fortran programs. Whenever possible the system anticipates the syntax of statements which is implied by an initial input and supplies the general form of the statement directly beneath the line on which input is being accepted. In some cases (the function heading) decisions are inverted from the language and in others (statement numbers) inputs are automatically positioned. In general, only syntax within the statements is checked, but some global checking (multiple main programs) is performed. Alternate forms of statements are often displayed with the unwanted ones being eliminated as entries are made. The techniques used demonstrate pedagogic as well as productive potential.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"21 1","pages":"183-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85812817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Towards a person-centered computer technology 走向以人为本的计算机技术
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805740
R. Kling
{"title":"Towards a person-centered computer technology","authors":"R. Kling","doi":"10.1145/800192.805740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805740","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary computer designers are largely machine centered. They emphasize function and standards of elegance, efficiency and computing power. The side effects of systems may enhance or diminish the well-being of various users. Person-centered standards that promote a sense of competence and autonomy are outlined. The coupling of flexible software with responsive organizations is suggested as a means of enhancing personal competence and self-esteem of computer users.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":"387-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74646622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Automatic Steno translation 自动速记翻译
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805687
Raoul N. Smith
{"title":"Automatic Steno translation","authors":"Raoul N. Smith","doi":"10.1145/800192.805687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805687","url":null,"abstract":"The first preliminary computer translation of machine produced stenographic notes was described in Salton 1959. Since then other approaches have been suggested but none seem to have succeeded. In the meantime the need for a solution becomes more and more pressing. The impetus for a solution is coming from two user areas—court reporting and speech recognition.\u0000 The purpose of this paper is to describe the problems and solutions to the problems of automatic Steno-English translation.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"24 1","pages":"92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76308530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Device gain - a measure of system component simultaneous operation 设备增益-测量系统组件同时工作
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805725
J. Hoffman
{"title":"Device gain - a measure of system component simultaneous operation","authors":"J. Hoffman","doi":"10.1145/800192.805725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805725","url":null,"abstract":"As computer systems become more complex and costly, the day-to-day efficient utilization of their capacity becomes more critical. At the same time, the system complexity makes analysis more difficult, and in some cases nearly impossible. It appears that an almost “standard solution” to the analysis problem is the replacement of the current system with a larger, faster, more complex, and more costly computer configuration. The need for accurate analysis leading to more appropriate management decisions is then postponed. Unfortunately, the cycle repeats itself and the inability to accurately assess the operation and performance of the computer system is now passed on to the new system. The effects of this analysis deficiency will not be immediately realized due to the increased speed and capacity of the new system. This type of solution, however, is becoming so very costly that it is imperative to find an alternative. It is in this context that this analysis and management tool is introduced.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"26 1","pages":"320-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Pageable Memory Dictionary Information Retrieval System 可分页存储器字典信息检索系统
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805713
E. Pearce, George Dailey, Allen Menard, B. Bateman, G. Pitts
{"title":"A Pageable Memory Dictionary Information Retrieval System","authors":"E. Pearce, George Dailey, Allen Menard, B. Bateman, G. Pitts","doi":"10.1145/800192.805713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805713","url":null,"abstract":"A Pageable Memory Dictionary Information Retrieval System (PMD) was designed and implemented using a time-sharing operating system under the virtual memory concept. The PMD system utilizes three separate data bases which may be used independently or in conjunction with each other, depending on the search parameters entered into the system.\u0000 The PMD system was designed to use the ACM Computer Review Number and Category Number in addition to the normal search parameters. The test data base was formulated using information from the ACM Computing Reviews.\u0000 The presentation includes the design criteria, file descriptions, retrieval techniques, examples of the retrieval process and their associated timings, and conclusions.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"249-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82965102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computers in the service of man: The computer professional in an alien subculture 为人类服务的计算机:异域亚文化中的计算机专业人员
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805739
H. Lucas
{"title":"Computers in the service of man: The computer professional in an alien subculture","authors":"H. Lucas","doi":"10.1145/800192.805739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805739","url":null,"abstract":"New challenges for the computer professional will result from efforts to apply computers in the service of man. The computer expert may find himself functioning in an alien subculture in which his relationship to members of the organization involved becomes as important as the technical task of systems design. This paper presents a descriptive model of the process of systems development in an unfamiliar environment. The model includes four stages: stimulus, development, implementation and operation. Application of the model is demonstrated by an example of systems design for the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"46 1","pages":"381-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79010979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A large-scale dual operating system 大规模的双操作系统
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805712
J. Howard
{"title":"A large-scale dual operating system","authors":"J. Howard","doi":"10.1145/800192.805712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805712","url":null,"abstract":"The UT2D operating system is a large high-performance batch and time sharing system which runs on a dual mainframe configuration consisting of a CDC 6600 and a CDC 6400 sharing an Extended Core Storage unit and all of their disks. It was developed locally at the Computation Center of the University of Texas at Austin, in an evolutionary process which started with a simple batch system. UT2D is of general interest because of its successful use of a dual configuration, because of its ability to support a large and varied load of both batch and interactive jobs, and because it demonstrates that evolutionary development by a small programming staff can succeed with a large system. Furthermore, UT2D contains some unusual features such as a built in event recorder for performance evaluation and a distributed tape-based permanent file system.\u0000 This paper describes the evolution, design principles, and unusual features of UT2D. An outline is provided here for the sake of the reader who is interested in specific topics.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"59 1","pages":"242-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75367398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
An analysis of natural vs. synthetic speech intelligibility: A preliminary appraisal of a reading machine for the blind 自然与合成语音清晰度的分析:盲人阅读机的初步评估
ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies Pub Date : 1973-08-27 DOI: 10.1145/800192.805741
P. W. Nye, J. H. Gaitenby, J. D. Hankins
{"title":"An analysis of natural vs. synthetic speech intelligibility: A preliminary appraisal of a reading machine for the blind","authors":"P. W. Nye, J. H. Gaitenby, J. D. Hankins","doi":"10.1145/800192.805741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800192.805741","url":null,"abstract":"With Veterans Administration support, Haskins Laboratories has been developing a method of speech synthesis production for automatic reading aloud of printed text, with the goal of applying this technique to a practical reading machine for blind people. The laboratory prototype, as it exists today, uses for input a low cost Optical Character Recognition (OCR) device capable of reading (i.e., recognizing the print of) typewritten pages. The machine-readable orthographic text created by the OCR reader is then processed by a dictionary program which converts the input words to phonetic form. This program assigns stress and intonation symbols according to rules based on word type, context and sentence punctuation. The resulting phonetic code is then made visible to an editor who can insert corrections, if deemed necessary, before synthesis of the sentences begins. (Eventually the program will operate with no editorial intervention.)\u0000 A series of intelligibility tests have been administered to both blind and sighted students at the University of Connecticut* in circumstances which allowed comparison of their listening performances with synthetic speech and—with natural speech.\u0000 The tests, which are still in progress, have yielded results which indicate that the perception of synthetic speech places somewhat heavier demands on a listener's language processing capacity than does natural speech. However, this increased load appears to interact strongly with the subject content of the material, the syntactic structure, the punctuation provided in the text, and the speaking rate used in the output. An analysis of the results of this continuing evaluation study will be presented at the Conference.","PeriodicalId":72321,"journal":{"name":"ASSETS. Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies","volume":"12 1","pages":"392-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74238589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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