American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Pregnancy associated cardiomyopathy in 2 cancer survivors with history of anthracycline use","authors":"Ramy Zughul,&nbsp;Navya Akula,&nbsp;Isaac Rhea,&nbsp;Michael Zacharias,&nbsp;Heather Blume,&nbsp;Chantal ElAmm","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiac complications in childhood cancer survivors are increasingly recognized, with radiotherapy and anthracycline exposure being major culprits. The incidence of recurrent cardiomyopathy in this population is significant, while the incidence of new-onset cardiomyopathy remains rare. This case series presents two cases of pregnancy-associated cardiomyopathy with a history of anthracycline use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary artery bypass surgery improves restricted mean survival time in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy","authors":"Samuel W. Reinhardt,&nbsp;Haocheng Huang,&nbsp;Helen Parise,&nbsp;Tariq Ahmad,&nbsp;Eric J. Velazquez,&nbsp;Kamil F. Faridi","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Clinical trials commonly use Cox proportional hazards models, which may be inaccurate when evaluating procedural interventions. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) is an alternative outcome measure that quantifies treatment effects without assuming proportional hazards.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We determined outcomes based on RMST in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial, an international multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) plus optimal medical therapy to optimal medical therapy alone in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the primary endpoint of all-cause mortality, CABG plus medical therapy was superior to medical therapy alone at 10 years of follow up when using measures of RMST. In subgroup analyses evaluating all-cause mortality, there was a greater beneficial effect of CABG for racial/ethnic minorities vs. white patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings reinforce the benefit of CABG and can be used to help quantify anticipated outcomes for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarification and transparency on ILR migration review","authors":"Allam Harfoush","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of radiation shielding zero gravity vs lead apron in coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention","authors":"Omnia Tajelsir Abdalla Osman,&nbsp;Sara Al Balushi,&nbsp;Salaheddin Omran Arafa,&nbsp;Murad Al Khani,&nbsp;Jassim Al Suwaidi,&nbsp;Fahad Alkindi","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ensuring safety from radiation in catheterization labs is critical due to the cumulative nature of radiation exposure. This study compares the effectiveness of Zero Gravity (ZG) and conventional Lead Apron shields in coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Over six months, radiation exposure was assessed for two operators performing angiography procedures. One operator used a Lead Apron, while the other used the Zero Gravity system. Radiation was measured using Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs). Procedural characteristics, fluoroscopy time, and contrast dose were recorded. Feedback on Lead Apron use was collected using the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Each operator performed 63 procedures with similar characteristics. Zero Gravity showed no significant difference in whole-body radiation exposure (De) compared to the Lead Apron (0.349 mSv vs. 0.346 mSv). However, Zero Gravity resulted in a lower external skin dose (Ds) compared to the Lead Apron (0.314 mSv vs. 0.339 mSv). Most cardiologists reported minimal disability from using Lead Aprons.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Zero Gravity and Lead Apron provide comparable whole-body radiation protection, with Zero Gravity slightly reducing skin exposure. While ZG does not significantly alter overall radiation exposure, it may reduce ergonomic issues associated with Lead Aprons.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Zero Gravity provides comparable whole-body radiation protection to Lead Aprons and reduces skin exposure. Further research is needed to address long-term impacts and enhance protective strategies in catheterization labs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of aficamten in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Muhammad Nabeel Saddique ,&nbsp;Hamza Irfan ,&nbsp;Saad Ashraf ,&nbsp;Maria Qadri ,&nbsp;Hammad Javaid ,&nbsp;Sana Iftikhar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zain ul Haq ,&nbsp;Laveeza Fatima ,&nbsp;Qasim Mehmood ,&nbsp;Anurag Jha ,&nbsp;Saad Masood ,&nbsp;Muhammad Safiullah ,&nbsp;Muhammad Imaz Bhatti ,&nbsp;Sheena Shamoon ,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM), a morbid hereditary condition, is characterized by asymmetrical intraventricular septum enlargement, obstructing blood flow from the left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT) and lowering cardiac output. Aficamten, a novel selective, oral myosin inhibitor, has been suggested to reduce myocardial hypercontractility and decrease LVOT gradient in oHCM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search was conducted through PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for relevant literature from inception up to May 2024. Six studies focusing on efficacy and safety aficamten was included. Pooled outcome estimates were reported as mean difference (MD) and 95 % CI using random effect model. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I² and X² statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found a significant change of −143.23 (pg/ml) NT-proBNP [95 % CI −564.8 to 278.4, I² = 97.65 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001], −50.9 mmHg Valsalva LVOT gradient [95 % CI −55.2 to −46.6, I² = 0 %, <em>P</em> = 0.44], −38.5 mmHg resting LVOT gradient [95 % CI −49.9 to −27.6, I² = 0 %, <em>P</em> = 0.64], −5.98 % mean LVEF [95 % CI −9.4 to −2.6, I² = 64.18 %, <em>P</em> = 0.06] and −2.32 (ng/dl) Hs-Troponin I [95 % CI −7.55 to −2.91, I² = 0 %, <em>P</em> = 0.97] from the baseline. We found significant 64.9 % ≥ 1 NYHA class improvement [95 % CI 45.8 %–84.1 %, I² = 90.6 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001] in aficamten. There was ‘low’ overall risk of bias in included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found that aficamten significantly reduced myocardial stress surrogates and functional disability parameters. The small sample sizes, diverse study designs and single-arm analysis limit our findings. More robust trials with larger sample sizes are required to establish conclusive evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical impact of prophylactic concomitant left atrial appendage occlusion during cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Chengji Zhao ,&nbsp;Evaldas Girdauskas ,&nbsp;Jan W. Schoones ,&nbsp;Robert J.M. Klautz ,&nbsp;Meindert Palmen ,&nbsp;Anton Tomšič","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recently, concomitant left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as prophylactic treatment option for preventing thromboembolic events in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with no known history of atrial fibrillation. The efficacy of prophylactic LAAO remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Emcare, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on prophylactic LAAO in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The primary endpoints were postoperative thromboembolic complications and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three randomized trials and seven retrospective observational studies were included: in total, 7369 patients received either prophylactic LAAO (<em>n</em> = 3823) or no prophylactic LAAO (<em>n</em> = 3546) during their index cardiac surgery. Prophylactic LAAO reduced the risk of early thromboembolic events by 58 % (risk ratio: 0.42; 95 % confidence interval: 0.25 to 0.73; <em>p</em> = 0.002; I² = 0 %) with an estimated absolute risk reduction of 0.8 %. On the other hand, a higher risk, albeit statistically not significant, of POAF was seen with LAAO (risk ratio: 1.15; 95 % confidence interval: 1.00 to 1.32; <em>p</em> = 0.051; I² = 64 %). Prophylactic LAAO also reduced the risk of all-time thromboembolic complications by 52 % (hazards ratio: 0.48; 95 % CI: 0.29 to 0.80; <em>p</em> = 0.005; I² = 41 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prophylactic LAAO was associated with a reduction in early and all-time thromboembolic events but demonstrated a potential relation to a higher risk of POAF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of improvement in cardiovascular biomarkers with singing","authors":"Nitin Somasundaram ,&nbsp;Nicholas Mohrdieck ,&nbsp;Alexis Visotcky ,&nbsp;Jacquelyn Kulinski","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although regular physical exercise lowers the risk of coronary heart disease in both primary and secondary prevention populations, physical exercise may be difficult for some individuals, prompting the need for alternative therapies. This study is a sub-analysis of a previously completed clinical trial that aimed to assess the effect of singing on cardiac biomarkers. The previous trial included 60 patients recruited from a cardiology clinic (mean age 61 ± 13 years; 68 % women) with measurements of vascular endothelial function and heart rate variability (HRV), and the results showed that 14 min of singing improves endothelial function acutely, similar to a short bout of physical exercise. The present sub-analysis examined whether predictive variables (prior singing experience, gender, age, enjoyment level, effort, smoking history) impacted changes in outcome measures. No significant change was seen in endothelial function or HRV based on exposure variables except for smoking status. Past smoking (compared to never smoking) predicted improvement in vascular endothelial function after singing. Abnormal baseline endothelial function was a predictor of acute improvement in endothelial function. These findings suggest that singing may have beneficial effects on vascular endothelial function, especially in patients with abnormal baseline endothelial function, regardless of singing experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shedding light on radiation exposure: Emergency vs. elective catheterization procedures in a prospective cohort study","authors":"Haitham Abu Khadija ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alnees ,&nbsp;Jacob George ,&nbsp;Manar Bakry ,&nbsp;Dalia Abasi ,&nbsp;Nizar Abu Hamdeh ,&nbsp;Mahdi Awwad ,&nbsp;Alena Kirzhner ,&nbsp;Tal Schiller ,&nbsp;Alex Blatt ,&nbsp;Gabby Elbaz-Greener","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Cardiac catheterization employs ionizing radiation, although imaging technologies have improved safety, the influence of procedural urgency on radiation exposure has rarely been investigated. This study compares radiation parameters in elective versus emergency cardiac catheterizations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study examined 108 patients (elective: 27; emergency: 81) undergoing cardiac catheterization at University Hospital between October 2014 and March 2015. All procedures were performed by a single operator utilizing the Allura Clarity X-ray system, reducing variability. Radiation metrics such as fluoroscopy time, cine time, Dose Area Product (DAP), and Air Kerma Product (KAP) were registered. Dosimeters were placed at the level of patients' heads and the level of operators' chests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the crude analysis, cine time was significantly higher in emergency procedures than in elective procedures, with a difference of 22.69 ms (<em>P</em> = 0.009). In contrast, KAP demonstrated an inverse relationship, indicating a reduction of 770.48 mGy in emergency procedures (<em>P</em> = 0.021). Moving to the adjusted analysis, cine time remained significant. Additionally, DAP became significant, with a coefficient of 38,394.88 mGy·cm² (<em>P</em> = 0.028). Meanwhile, KAP shifted to a direct relationship, showing an increase of 680.96 mGy in emergency procedures (<em>P</em> = 0.027). Confidence intervals improved following adjustment and became even narrower.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Procedure urgency is a significant factor in radiation exposure in cardiac catheterization. Technologies for dose reduction and protocol standardization are essential for minimizing risks to patients and providers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid desaturase genetic variations in heart failure and cardiovascular disease","authors":"David Gittess ,&nbsp;Iain Thompson ,&nbsp;Dmitry O. Traktuev ,&nbsp;Julio D. Duarte ,&nbsp;Ellen C. Keeley","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Omega (ω)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have gained prominence for their putative cardioprotective functions. However, the data supporting their beneficial effects has been inconsistent. One possible explanation is that there is genetic variability in the fatty acid desaturase (<em>FADS</em>) 1 and 2 genes (encoding the delta-5 and delta-6 desaturase enzymes, respectively) which may influence PUFA levels. These enzymes are responsible for adding a double bond to the tails of ω−3 fatty acids and constitute the rate limiting step in ω−3 PUFA processing. As a result, they appear to have downstream effects on circulating blood levels of ω−3 PUFAs. In this review, we discuss commonly reported genetic variants within the <em>FADS</em> genes that have been associated with cardiovascular disease and/or cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, we summarize the data assessing the association between these genetic variants and the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors, desaturase expression, circulating blood levels of ω−3 PUFAs, and the effect of diet and ω−3 dietary supplements on circulating levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indole metabolism and its role in diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications","authors":"W. Hu ,&nbsp;C. Garrison ,&nbsp;R. Prasad ,&nbsp;M.E. Boulton ,&nbsp;M.B. Grant","doi":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahjo.2025.100532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid obtained through dietary sources, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. The metabolism of Trp branches into three principal pathways: the serotonin pathway, the kynurenine pathway, and the indole pathway. The kynurenine and serotonin pathways are host pathways while the indole pathway is solely the result of bacterial metabolism. Trp metabolites extend their influence beyond protein biosynthesis to affect a spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms including, but not limited to, neuronal function, immune modulation, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress regulation, and maintenance of intestinal health. This review focuses on indole derivatives and their impact on vascular health. Trp-containing dipeptides are highlighted as a targeted nutraceutical approach to modulate Trp metabolism, enhance beneficial metabolite production, and mitigate risk factors for vascular diseases. The importance of optimizing Trp intake and dietary strategies to harness the benefits of Trp-derived metabolites for vascular health is underscored, bringing to light the need for further research to refine these therapeutic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72158,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}