{"title":"Customized facemask for Class III malocclusions: An in-house 3-dimensional printing approach – a technical note","authors":"Do Xuan Cuong , Nguyen Minh Duc , Nguyen Thu Tra","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Class III malocclusions<span><span> pose a significant challenge in orthodontics, often requiring early intervention to optimize treatment outcomes. This technical note explores an innovative approach to addressing this condition through the use of a customized facemask produced via in-house 3-dimensional printing technology. By combining facial and intraoral scanning, precise patient-specific facemask designs are created, which enhance fit, comfort, and overall compliance. This method not only addresses common issues of traditional facemasks, such as bulkiness and discomfort, but also engages young patients by offering customizable options such as </span>color selection and personalized designs, making the treatment experience both comfortable and enjoyable. The use of 3-dimensional printing technology offers a promising solution for more effective and personalized </span></span>orthodontic treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 363-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agenesis of maxillary first molars: Report of 4 patients","authors":"Anne-Marie Bollen","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Agenesis of maxillary </span>first molars<span><span><span> is rare. Four young children referred by their </span>pediatric dentist for lack of eruption of the </span>maxillary first molars are presented. The dental age- and root development of the developing </span></span>tooth germs<span> in the maxillary permanent molar region was compared with that of the mandibular first and second molars. It was determined that the developing molars distal of the maxillary primary second molars were second molars and that the first molars were congenitally missing. A correct diagnosis of congenitally missing first molars avoids erroneous surgical exposure of unerupted second molars in young children.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 382-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anterior open bite treatment with mandibular counterclockwise rotation by miniscrew-anchored molar intrusion","authors":"Hirofumi Tenshin , Keiichiro Watanabe , Emiko Nakaue , Yuichi Ishida , Eiji Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adult anterior open bite requires appropriate treatment to enhance oral function, improve facial esthetics, and prevent posterior tooth wear and loss. This case report presents a 47-year-old woman with an anterior open bite characterized by excessive negative overbite and a discrepancy between the maximum intercuspal position and centric relation. The condition was caused by overeruption of the maxillary and mandibular molars. The miniscrew-anchored molar intrusion was implemented as the primary treatment strategy. After 54 months of active orthodontic treatment, counterclockwise mandibular rotation was achieved, along with condylar seating on centric relation, resulting in a proper interincisal relationship, a Class I molar relationship, and stable condylar positioning. These outcomes were maintained during a 4-year retention period. This case report highlights the effectiveness of miniscrew-anchored molar intrusion for managing skeletal open bite caused by molar overeruption and ensuring long-term stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 405-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated orthodontic and restorative procedures: Orthodontic space management, digital technologies, and injectable technique","authors":"Marco Veneziani , Fabio Federici Canova , Davide Spadoni , Ute E.M. Schneider , Lorenz Moser","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Following orthodontic treatment<span><span><span>, minimally invasive restorative techniques are often required to achieve optimal esthetics and function. The injection molding technique (IMT) involves the application of a flowable composite into a transparent silicon index. Because of its fluid nature, the composite quickly fills the silicon tray and integrates smoothly with the tooth structure. This procedure in orthodontics<span>, along with new orthodontic technologies, is crucial in addressing complex multidisciplinary patients. This article illustrates the use of conservative dentistry<span> with IMT in a 14-year-old girl with agenesis<span> of the maxillary lateral incisors (teeth 1.2 and 2.2). The prerestorative orthodontic treatment began with the digital design of a skeletally anchored palatal device to mesialize the maxillary </span></span></span></span>posterior teeth. The interdisciplinary treatment was completed with the restoration of the </span>anterior teeth using IMT. Aiming to provide noninvasive, patient-centered interdisciplinary treatment, IMT proves to be an excellent procedure for optimizing orthodontic treatment by restoring the final tooth in a predictable, cost-effective, and highly esthetic manner.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 353-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guanhong Li , Jonathan Sandler , Catherine Brierley
{"title":"Corrosion and skeletal anchorage: Insights from two clinical cases","authors":"Guanhong Li , Jonathan Sandler , Catherine Brierley","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion around temporary skeletal anchorage devices (TSADs) poses a potential risk in orthodontic treatment. The complex oral environment, comprising various chemical and biological factors, can accelerate the corrosion process, leading to complications such as localized inflammation. This paper explores two clinical patients in which the effects of corrosion around the TSADs resulted in the need to deconstruct the TSAD-retained appliance despite the TSADs remaining stable. We examine the potential corrosion mechanisms with proposed recommendations to minimize risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 387-394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoon-Ah Kook , You-Sun Lee , Alex Hung Kuo Chou , Mohamed Bayome , Sung Hee Han , Jae Hyun Park
{"title":"Nonextraction treatment of severe Class III malocclusion with anterior maxillary protrusion using temporary skeletal anchorage devices","authors":"Yoon-Ah Kook , You-Sun Lee , Alex Hung Kuo Chou , Mohamed Bayome , Sung Hee Han , Jae Hyun Park","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>In this case report, we describe the successful nonsurgical and nonextraction treatment of a patient with severe Class III malocclusion and upper lip protrusion. An 18-year-old female presented with protrusive upper and lower lips, skeletal Class III malocclusion (ANB, −0.3°; Wits, −7.0 mm), and maxillary anterior proclination (U1-FH, 123.1°). A ramal plate and modified C-palatal plate were introduced as treatment options for Class III malocclusion and maxillary molar distalization, respectively, followed by retraction of the upper lip protrusion. Using the ramal plate, the </span>mandibular molars achieved 5.0 mm distalization, effectively correcting severe Class III malocclusion without surgical intervention. In addition, with a modified C-palatal plate, the maxillary molars achieved 2.0 mm distalization, and the </span>anterior teeth were retracted without the need for </span>premolar extractions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 395-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mayu Oiwa, Takeshi Ogasawara, Ayako Suzuki, Keiji Moriyama
{"title":"Orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion in a patient with hypophosphatasia","authors":"Mayu Oiwa, Takeshi Ogasawara, Ayako Suzuki, Keiji Moriyama","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inherited skeletal dysplasia characterized by low serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, essential for bone mineralization. Its main manifestations include defective bone mineralization and premature loss of primary teeth. This case report describes a patient with HPP who underwent orthodontic treatment using edgewise appliances. Despite the condition, no premature tooth loss or alveolar bone loss was observed. The patient presented with a skeletal Class II, Angle Class II molar relationship, and dental crowding. Orthodontic treatment began with the successful distalization of maxillary molars to confirm the possibility of normal tooth movement before starting ALP replacement therapy. After initiating ALP therapy, the maxillary and mandibular first premolars were extracted, and full-arch treatment started when the patient was 16 years, 9 months. Abnormal tooth movement and gingival recession were not observed. The treatment goals of achieving a favorable facial profile and acceptable occlusion were successfully met. Contrary to expectations of relapse in HPP patients, stable occlusion was maintained after 2 years of retention. This is because the patient had normal bone mineral density and used not only removable retainers but also canine-to-canine bonded flexible spiral-wire lingual retainers in the maxillary and mandibular arches. Long-term follow-up is crucial because of the high relapse risk associated with HPP. Further research on orthodontic treatment in patients with HPP is necessary to establish comprehensive guidelines and improve clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 332-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae Hyun Park, Roberto Hernandez-Orsini, Paul Emile Rossouw, Anthony M. Puntillo, Daniel J. Rejman, Meenakshi Vishwanath, Onur Kadioglu, Timothy Tremont, Timothy S. Trulove
{"title":"The American Board of Orthodontics: Written examination development, modification, and preparation recommendations","authors":"Jae Hyun Park, Roberto Hernandez-Orsini, Paul Emile Rossouw, Anthony M. Puntillo, Daniel J. Rejman, Meenakshi Vishwanath, Onur Kadioglu, Timothy Tremont, Timothy S. Trulove","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article outlines the process of developing a written examination by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). It is a 240-question comprehensive examination that assesses the examinee’s knowledge of basic sciences and clinical concepts based on criterion-referenced testing. Examinees’ skills and knowledge are measured against the set of information represented by each test item. In addition, the ABO now offers both virtual and live presentations through “The Pathway Program” to further support examination preparation. For more information, please visit the ABO’s official Website at <span><span>AmericanBoardOrtho.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 243-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sang-Hoon Lee , Jae-Hyung Yu , Mo-Hyeon Lee , Dong-Hwa Chung , Jae Hyun Park
{"title":"Long-term evaluation of a patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion treated with a temporary skeletal anchorage device-anchored maxillary protraction","authors":"Sang-Hoon Lee , Jae-Hyung Yu , Mo-Hyeon Lee , Dong-Hwa Chung , Jae Hyun Park","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes the long-term treatment of a patient with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. An 11-year-old boy with maxillary hypoplasia underwent growth modification therapy using a skeletal anchorage facemask. After maxillary protraction and fixed appliance therapy, his pubertal growth was monitored, and he was instructed to wear a facemask continuously. Although there was mandibular growth, it was primarily vertical, resulting in an anterior open bite. Consequently, adjunctive orthodontic treatment, including molar intrusion, was performed. Throughout this treatment, no significant skeletal changes were observed as growth had ceased. The treatment took 8.3 years and achieved successful outcomes. Maxillary protraction with skeletal anchorage played a crucial role in improving the skeletal relationship. However, it is essential to recognize that mandibular growth also significantly influences the success of correcting Class III malocclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 322-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damiano Salvatori , Theodor Bühler , Séverine Birtel
{"title":"Chemical composition and in vitro staining resistance of SmartTrack and ClearQuartz multilayered orthodontic clear aligners","authors":"Damiano Salvatori , Theodor Bühler , Séverine Birtel","doi":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xaor.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clear aligner therapy is a popular alternative to traditional metal braces because of its esthetic appeal and convenience. However, the chemical composition of these aligners is not well understood, and their resistance to staining by coloring compounds present in the oral environment remains a concern. In this study, we aimed to analyze the chemical composition of multilayer aligner materials using chemical imaging and evaluate their staining resistance to common food and beverage items. The in vitro staining resistance of SmartTrack (Invisalign; Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif) and ClearQuartz (ClearCorrect; Straumann Group, Basel, Switzerland) was tested by immersing the aligners in coffee, cola, red wine, and mustard for 24 hours. The color change was assessed using spectrophotometry. The aligners were analyzed using Raman microscopy to identify the chemical composition of the individual layers and relate them to staining resistance. Raman microscopy revealed that ClearQuartz consists of a soft elastomeric polyurethane layer sandwiched between two polyester layers, whereas SmartTrack has the opposite configuration. ClearQuartz exhibited less staining in all the tested foods and beverages than SmartTrack, which showed marked staining in mustard and coffee. Stain uptake was primarily observed in the polyurethane layer, possibly because of its chemical affinity with the coloring compounds. Clinicians should consider the patients’ dietary habits and aligner material composition before recommending a clear aligner treatment. Aligners with polyurethane elastomer as the outer layer are not recommended for patients who consume food and beverages rich in colorants, such as coffee and mustard, as this may detrimentally impact patient satisfaction and compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72140,"journal":{"name":"AJO-DO clinical companion","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 249-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}