Advances in pediatric research最新文献

{"title":"Development, Validation of a Risk Score to Predict Low Birth Weight using Characteristics of the Mother","authors":"H. Yimam","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.38","url":null,"abstract":"Low birth weight (LBW), a weight at birth of less than 2500 g (5.5 lb), continues to be a significant public health problem globally. It is estimated that 15% to 20% of all births worldwide are LBW, accounting for more than 20 million in a year. The rate of LBW varies considerably among regions and countries, with higher burden among low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The prevalence in LMICs (16.5%) is twice higher than in high-income countries (7%). In Ethiopia, LBW rate ranges from 8% to 54%, showing a huge variation across geographical settings and time periods. A recent systematic review showed a pooled estimate of 17.3% in Ethiopia, which implies it still remains an important public health problem in the country.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Advances in Pediatric Research Journal","authors":"G. Ross","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.E55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.E55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70016226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor’s Note: Advances in Pediatric Research, 2021","authors":"G. Ross","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.E58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.E58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wheezing Phenotypes in Preschoolers","authors":"P. Cherecheș-Panța","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.37","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of wheezing is very high during the first years of life. Up to 25-30% of the infants have at least one episode of wheezing. The diagnostic approache should start with the differentiation between congenital or inherited wheezing, and subsequently the diagnosis of acute, chronic or recurrent wheezing (RW). In children with RW or chronic wheezing the somatic development is relevant. If the child presents a good nutritional status and a good general state, the most frequent diagnosis would be asthma. In children with failure to thrive the investigation plan will start with cystic fibrosis and gastroesophageal reflux. There are two major classification of RW in children: according to symptoms and to the clinical course. Wheezing phenotypes based on symptoms are: 1) episodic wheezing, in which the duration of symptoms is short, without any symptoms between episodes, and they associate other sings of viral infection; and 2) wheezing with multiple triggers (beside infections they present wheezing during exercise, or after allergen exposure, or during emotional changes). According to clinical course there are three main RW phenotypes: 1) transient wheezing with early onset, during infancy; 2) persistent wheezing with the onset during the first 3 years of life and persistence of symptoms after 6 years, and 3) RW with late onset, after the age of 3 years. The last two may be related to atopy. In these children we use the Asthma Predictive Index (API) to identify the future patients with asthma that require lonf term therapy.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID Sickness in Children (COVID-19)","authors":"G. Ross","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.21.8.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70016159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What proportion of the brain structural and functional abnormalities observed among children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is explained by their prenatal alcohol exposure and their other prenatal and postnatal risks?","authors":"S. Hemingway, J. Davies, T. Jirikowic, E. Olson","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.41","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) often present with a myriad of other prenatal (e.g. exposure to tobacco and other illicit drugs, poor prenatal care) and postnatal risk factors (e.g. multiple home placements, physical/sexual abuse, low socio-economic status)-all of which are likely contributing to their adverse outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive neuropsychological battery, coupled with magnetic resonance imaging, was administered to children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in 2009. Study participants diagnosed with FASD by the University of Washington using the FASD 4-Digit Code were compared to typically-developing peers with no PAE. Data from this MRI study were used to explore the proportion of variance in brain structural and functional abnormalities explained by PAE and 14 other prenatal and postnatal risk factors. Results: PAE was the dominant risk factor explaining the largest proportion of variance in regional brain size (total brain, frontal lobe, caudate, hippocampus and corpus callosum) and brain function (intellect, achievement, memory, language, executive-function, motor, adaptation, behavior-attention and mental health symptoms). Other prenatal and postnatal risk factors were 3 to 7-fold more prevalent than in the general population. Individually, each risk factor explained a statistically significant, but smaller proportion of variance in brain outcome compared to PAE. In combination, the proportion of variance explained by the presence of multiple prenatal and postnatal risks rivaled that of PAE. Conclusion: A better understanding of the impact other prenatal and postnatal risk factors have on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of individuals with FASD can inform more effective prevention and intervention strategies.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48982320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goal directed fluid and hemodynamic therapy with trans-thoracic echocardiographic aortic blood flow peak velocity variation in children and postoperative outcome : A randomized controlled trial protocol","authors":"C. Kumba","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.35","url":null,"abstract":"Background : While several parameters of fluid responsiveness have been validated in adults, they cannot be directly applied in children primarily because of the pediatric specificities of the cardiovascular system. Respiratory variation of Aortic Blood Flow Peak Velocity (ΔVpeak) has been promoted as an accurate predictor of fluid responsiveness in children. Therefore, we aim at characterizing the potential impact of optimization of intraoperative hemodynamic condition using goal directed fluid and hemodynamic therapy (GDFHT based on ΔVpeak assessed by transthoracic echocardiography on postoperative outcome in children. Methods : Children aged less than 18 years old and admitted for major non cardiac surgery will be eligible. After obtaining parental consent, children will be randomized into two groups: Group GD, where fluid and hemodynamic therapy will be guided with ΔVpeak and Group SC, with fluid and hemodynamic therapy managed according to routine. Primary Outcome will be postoperative morbidity until 30 days postoperatively defined as surgical and/or organ failure. Secondary outcome will include length of stay in the intensive care unit, length of mechanical ventilation and length of hospital stay. Based on the primary end-point, 400 patients are required in order to have a significant difference between the two groups. Results and Conclusions : This multicenter randomized controlled trial will clarify the impact of GDFHT based on ΔVpeak assessed by transthoracic echocardiography on postoperative outcomes in children undergoing elective or urgent major non-cardiac surgery.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What proportion of the brain structural and functional abnormalities observed among children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is explained by their prenatal alcohol exposure and their other prenatal and postnatal risks?","authors":"Susan J Astley Hemingway,&nbsp;Julian K Davies,&nbsp;Tracy Jirikowic,&nbsp;Erin M Olson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) often present with a myriad of other prenatal (e.g. exposure to tobacco and other illicit drugs, poor prenatal care) and postnatal risk factors (e.g. multiple home placements, physical/sexual abuse, low socio-economic status)-all of which are likely contributing to their adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive neuropsychological battery, coupled with magnetic resonance imaging, was administered to children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in 2009. Study participants diagnosed with FASD by the University of Washington using the FASD 4-Digit Code were compared to typically-developing peers with no PAE. Data from this MRI study were used to explore the proportion of variance in brain structural and functional abnormalities explained by PAE and 14 other prenatal and postnatal risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PAE was the dominant risk factor explaining the largest proportion of variance in regional brain size (total brain, frontal lobe, caudate, hippocampus and corpus callosum) and brain function (intellect, achievement, memory, language, executive-function, motor, adaptation, behavior-attention and mental health symptoms). Other prenatal and postnatal risk factors were 3 to 7-fold more prevalent than in the general population. Individually, each risk factor explained a statistically significant, but smaller proportion of variance in brain outcome compared to PAE. In combination, the proportion of variance explained by the presence of multiple prenatal and postnatal risks rivaled that of PAE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A better understanding of the impact other prenatal and postnatal risk factors have on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of individuals with FASD can inform more effective prevention and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/ca/nihms-1644587.PMC7744001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38724973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception and management of induced pain through vaccination injection in infants aged 0-11 months in Parakou immunization sites in 2019","authors":"J. Adédémy","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.34","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the iatrogenous induced pain in infant’s remains that one of vaccination trough injection. Authors through this work are assessing the perception and management of pain experienced by infants during vaccine injection reported by their mothers in infants in Parakou’s immunization’s sites in 2019. Methods: Authors used a descriptive cross-sectional and analytical method after a non random sampling exhaustive recruitment of mothers and infants couples attending the 8 vaccination sites in Parakou town during the period of July to October 2019. Assessment was done through Evendol and NFCS pain assessment scales. Results: The average age of the 375 mothers included in our study was 27 years ± 6.44 years. The mean age of infants was 3.26 months ± 3.06 months with a sex ratio of 0.9. Of the infants vaccinated by injection, 41.60% reached a level of treatable pain and 96.42% a level of intense pain respectively through Evendol and NFCS scales. Pharmacological methods were the main methods used by mothers before and after vaccination to relieve pain in infants. Infant’s age, type of vaccine, vaccine route of administration, were the main factors influencing the expression of pain in the infant vaccinated by injection. Conclusion: Iatrogenic pain such as that linked to infant vaccination through injection must be prevented and well managed by age-appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Citation: Adedemy JD, Lalya HF, Agossou J, Kpanidja G, Makpemikpa G, Oké MB, et al. (2020) Perception and management of induced pain through vaccination injection in infants aged 0-11 months in Parakou immunization sites in 2019. Adv Pediatr Res 7:34. doi:10.35248/2385-4529.20.7. 34 Received: December 31, 2019; Accepted: January 30, 2020; Published: February 6, 2020 Copyright: © 2020 Adedemy JD, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Competing interests: The authors do not have any competing interests. Sources of funding: No funding for this research. *E-mail: kofadier@yahoo.fr","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why is vaccination against pneumonia not impressive?","authors":"I. Klepikov","doi":"10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2385-4529.20.7.36","url":null,"abstract":"Among the methods of prevention, vaccination plays a leading role in countering infectious diseases. Thanks to this aid line, epidemics of many dangerous infections, such as diphtheria, polio, or smallpox, have virtually disappeared. Having a fairly long history of its existence and undeniable successful results in the prevention of many infectious processes, vaccination is rightfully included in the Golden Fund of medical achievements.","PeriodicalId":72104,"journal":{"name":"Advances in pediatric research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}