Advances in cancer biology - metastasis最新文献

{"title":"EPHA5 enhances stemness and decreases gefitinib sensitivity via Wnt signaling pathway in non-small lung cancer","authors":"Jie Li ,&nbsp;Yehan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2025.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2025.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent form of lung cancer, and it is often associated with poor patient outcomes. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A5 (EPHA5), a member of the Eph tyrosine kinase receptor family, has been implicated in various stages of tumor progression. However, the specific role of EPHA5 in NSCLC remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the influence of EPHA5 on the stemness of NSCLC cancer cells and their sensitivity to gefitinib, while also investigating the underlying mechanisms involved.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>EPHA5 expression was suppressed using small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs), while qPCR and Western blot were applied to analyze the knockdown efficiency. Subsequently, the expressions of stem cell-related markers, such as SOX2, Nanog, KLF4, Oct4, and β-catenin, were detected and quantified via qPCR and Western blot during the experiment, while CD133-positive cells were analyzed via flow cytometry. Gefitinib sensitivity was evaluated in EPHA5-knockdown cells. The Wnt activator, CHIR-99021, was employed to rescue β-catenin expression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EPHA5 expression was elevated in NSCLC cell lines (NCI-H460 and NCI-H1229) but considerably downregulated by siRNAs. EPHA5 knockdown alleviated stemness, enhanced gefitinib sensitivity, and suppressed Wnt activation, as evidenced by lower CD133-positive cells, and decreased expression of Sox2, Nanog, KLF4, Oct4, and β-catenin. The Wnt activator reversed the inhibitory effect of EPHA5 on cancer cell stemness by upregulating β-catenin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Silencing the expression of EPHA5 can reduce NSCLC stemness and enhance gefitinib sensitivity by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Strengths and limitations of this study</h3><div>We find EPHA5 enhances stemness and decreases gefitinib sensitivity via Wnt signaling pathway of non-small cell lung cancer but prognostic follow-up of lung adenocarcinoma patients in this study is lacking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silencing of long non-coding RNAs MIR22HG, LNCTAM34A, and TP53TG1 triggers cell survival/proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in women's breast cancer","authors":"Ahmed Al-Kateb ,&nbsp;Roozbeh Heidarzadehpilehrood ,&nbsp;Maryam Pirhoushiaran ,&nbsp;Rasoul Abdollahzadeh ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Saffari ,&nbsp;Keivan Majidzadeh-A ,&nbsp;Sepideh Mehrpoor Layeghi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Modarressi","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2025.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2025.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated the functional and translational role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), specifically MIR22HG, LNCTAM34A, and TP53TG1, in breast cancer (BC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The expression of the lncRNAs was measured using RT-qPCR. Knockdown experiments using siRNA were conducted in breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, and MCF-7) to assess the functional impact of silencing these lncRNAs. Cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis assays were performed to evaluate phenotypic changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of MIR22HG, LNCTAM34A, and TP53TG1 was significantly decreased in tumor tissues compared to NATs (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Lower expression of these lncRNAs correlated with advanced TNM stage and grade groups (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). MIR22HG was overexpressed in the BC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, while LNCTAM34A and TP53TG1 were upregulated in MDA-MB-453 and MCF-7 BC cell lines. Silencing these lncRNAs led to a significant increase in cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, apoptosis was significantly decreased in cells with silenced lncRNAs (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Knockdown of MIR22HG, LNCTAM34A, and TP53TG1 in BC cells resulted in increased cell proliferation and colony formation. Silencing of these lncRNAs significantly increased cell migration and invasion. The silencing of MIR22HG, LNCTAM34A, and TP53TG1 decreased apoptosis in BC cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Study demonstrates that MIR22HG, LNCTAM34A, and TP53TG1 function as tumor suppressors in breast cancer. Downregulation of these lncRNAs promotes tumor progression by enhancing cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, while inhibiting apoptosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated key long non-coding RNAs TP53TG1, RFPL1S, DLEU1, and HCG4 associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in castration-resistant prostate cancer","authors":"Tahmineh Mehrabi ,&nbsp;Roozbeh Heidarzadehpilehrood ,&nbsp;Meysam Mobasheri ,&nbsp;Tabassom Sobati ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Heshmati ,&nbsp;Maryam Pirhoushiaran","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the severe and metastatic form of prostate cancer and demands effective, reliable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. It has been shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) dysregulations promote metastasis in tumors. The current research aim is to identify dysregulated lncRNAs in metastatic CRPC.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>R programs along with multiple packages were applied to identify novel lncRNAs dysregulated in CRPC. Raw data of clinical samples were obtained from NCBI-GSE74685, which consisted of metastatic and non-metastatic CRPC samples, and was analyzed through a limma package of R with defined cutoff criteria as adjusted <em>P-value</em> &lt; 0.05 and |Fold Change = FC| ≥ ±1. To further understand lncRNA co-expression gene modules, WGCNA analysis, hub-gene identification, and pathway enrichment were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four dysregulated lncRNAs were identified with more than a two-fold change in expression levels, including TP53TG1, RFPL1S, DLEU1, and HCG4. WGCNA analysis results in royal blue, salmon, light cyan, and blue co-expression modules with dysregulated lncRNAs. According to a pathway enrichment study, these co-expressed modules showed enrichment in highly relevant pathways to the CRPC metastatic process, including mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, purine metabolism, C-MYB transcription factor network, and immune system. In addition, SOD2, PRKCA, IL6, and ITGAM were identified as hub genes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study suggests dysregulation of TP53TG1, RFPL1S, DLEU1, and HCG4 lncRNAs and corresponding hub genes may promote CRPC metastasis through the EMT pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143151537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upregulation of mitochondrial function is associated with advanced prostate cancer","authors":"Valentin Baumgartner ,&nbsp;Thomas Paul Scherer ,&nbsp;Ashkan Mortezavi ,&nbsp;Niels Rupp ,&nbsp;Holger Moch ,&nbsp;Peter Wild ,&nbsp;Susanne Dettwiler ,&nbsp;Miriam Wanner ,&nbsp;Dominik Enderlin ,&nbsp;Souzan Salemi ,&nbsp;Daniel Eberli","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The mitochondrial metabolism in prostate cancer (PCa) is of great importance due the unique metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. In this study, we aimed to analyze the expression level of mitochondrial markers TOM20, DRP1 and OPA1 in benign and malignant tissue, to assess if these markers are associated with different grade and stage of PCa.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This study assessed TOM20, DRP1, and OPA1 expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostate tissue samples, including benign and malignant tissue specimen. Immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays was conducted, with staining intensities scored semi-quantitatively. Statistical analyses evaluated associations with PCa grade and stage. A survival analysis for biochemical recurrence (RFS), overall survival (OS) and disease specific survival (DSS) was performed using multivariate Cox regression analysis to assess prognostic properties of the markers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 527 patients were included in our analysis, which composed of 45 (8.5 %) benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 482 (91.5 %) PCa samples (436 localized (90.5 %) and 46 (9.5 %) metastatic). Immunoreactivity for TOM20, DRP1 and OPA1 was strong in 2 of 43 (4.7 %), 1 of 43 (2.3 %) and 0 of 43 (0 %) of BPH control tissue. Strong marker expression was significantly increased in radical prostatectomy specimen (TOM20: 111/371 (29.9 %), DRP1: 89/373 (23.9 %), OPA1: 60/371 (16.2 %), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and in metastatic tissue (TOM20: 22/42 (52.4 %), DRP1: 14/42 (33.3 %), OPA1: 21/41 (51.2 %), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). None of the markers demonstrated prognostic properties for RFS, OS, and DSS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A strong association between the expression of the mitochondrial markers TOM20, DRP1 and OPA1 and PCa aggressiveness was demonstrated. However, these markers were not found to be prognostic regarding RFS, OS and DSS. Future studies are needed focusing on the underlying mechanisms of the upregulation of mitochondrial metabolism in aggressive PCa and evaluate potential therapeutic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of pDNA-Buforin II on the expression changes of lncRNAs PCA3, PCAT1, PRNCR1, GAS5 in prostate cancer","authors":"Fatemeh Dehkhodaei ,&nbsp;Abbas Doosti","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This work aims to analyze the alterations in the levels of <em>PCA3</em>, <em>PCAT1</em>, <em>PRNCR1</em>, and <em>GAS5</em> long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) after the activation of pDNA-buforin II in PC3 cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The synthetic nucleic acid sequence of buforin II was included in the pcDNA3.1(+) Mammalian Expression Plasmid. The accuracy of cloning was assessed by using PCR and enzyme digestion techniques. The vectors were transfected into cells utilizing LipofectamineTM2000. The PC3 cancer cells were evaluated using flow cytometry and wound healing analysis. The expression levels of lncRNAs and apoptotic genes were assessed utilizing real-time PCR, with a significance threshold of P &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The recombinant plasmid containing the pDNA-buforin II vector was successfully generated, and the gene sequence demonstrated complete uniformity (100 % similarity) with the buforin II gene. The transfection efficiency of PC3 cells was 79 %. The results are quantified utilizing the growth inhibition 50 % (GI50) parameter, representing the concentration of pDNA-buforin II required to halt 50 % of cell growth. The percentages of early apoptosis, late apoptosis, necrosis, and viable PC3 cells in the pDNA-buforin II group were 23.30 %, 12.70 %, 3.9 %, and 60.10 %, respectively. The RT-PCR study demonstrated that the presence of pDNA-buforin II in PC3 cells decreased the transcription of <em>PCA3</em>, <em>PCAT1</em>, and <em>PRNCR1</em> lncRNAs compared to the control group treated with PBS. Furthermore, it enhanced the transcription of <em>GAS5</em> lncRNA. The findings demonstrated a significant upregulation of transcription factors in programmed cell death after treatment with pDNA-buforin II (∗∗P &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>According to the results of this study, it can be inferred that pDNA-buforin II can modify the transcription of genes in PC3 cancer cells, specifically about lncRNAs involved in cell apoptotic pathways. The pDNA-buforin II molecule has promising anticancer capabilities and can trigger apoptosis in cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZNF775 inhibits MCF-7 breast cancer cell migration by downregulating Wnt5a","authors":"Wei Gong ,&nbsp;Xin Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenwu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Song ,&nbsp;Junjie Hu ,&nbsp;Weihua Xu ,&nbsp;Zhichao Ma ,&nbsp;Bin Xiao ,&nbsp;Linhai Li ,&nbsp;Xinping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C2H2 zinc finger protein is widely involved in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, the function and mechanism of most C2H2 zinc finger proteins in breast caner (BC) remains unclear. Here, we reported the expression prognosis of C2H2 type zinc finger protein ZNF775 in BC patients and its possible biological mechanism. First, multiple public databases showed that ZNF775 was significantly overexpressed in BC tissues. Interestingly, high expression of ZNF775 was significantly associated with a better prognosis. Immunohistochemistry were used for verification, and the expression of ZNF775 was consistent with the databases. Considering the large heterogeneity of different breast cancer cells, we temporarily selected MCF-7 cell line for verification. In vitro overexpression experiments showed that overexpression of ZNF775 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of MCF-7 BC cell. We further combined RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and CUT &amp; Tag, and found that overexpression of ZNF775 can down-regulate the expression of most genes in the Wnt signaling pathway. The cBioportal database showed that ZNF775 was negatively correlated with the expression of Wnt5a, suggesting that its downstream target was likely Wnt5a. Finally, we discovered that Wnt5a could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of ZNF775 on MCF-7 BC cell migration through transwell migration experiments. In conclusion, our findings will provide new ideas for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment of BC in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niosomes containing enciprazine hydrochloride have been shown to efficiently inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells","authors":"Hosain Nasirian ,&nbsp;Saeedeh TarvijEslami ,&nbsp;Hedieh Ghourchian ,&nbsp;Marjaneh Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Tohid Piri-Gharaghie ,&nbsp;Ghazal Ghajari","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC), currently the second most widespread cancer globally, exhibits a higher incidence in young individuals. Advancements have been made in developing anti-colorectal cancer drugs, including cytotoxic chemicals, in the past few decades. There is a need for new and innovative medications to overcome the current challenges in cancer treatment. Recent research examined the efficacy of innovative formulations in the prevention of colorectal cancer. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a niosome formulation loaded with Enciprazine hydrochloride (Nio-USAN). We assessed the anti-colorectal cancer characteristics of Nio-USAN by employing several techniques including CCK-8, invasion test, MTT test, flow cytometry, and cell cycle assessment. Quantitative real-time PCR was utilized to assess the transcription of genes linked to apoptosis. The F1-Nio-USAN and F2-Nio-USAN have average sizes of 200 and 500 nm, respectively. The entrapment effectiveness (EE%) of the F1-Nio-USAN and F2-Nio-USAN was measured to be 85.32 ± 0.27 % and 87.12 ± 0.35 %, respectively. The F1-Nio-USAN group exhibited the following percentages of HT-29 cell states: 43 % early apoptosis, 21 % late apoptosis, 7 % necrotic, and 29 % viable. The levels of transcription for cas8, Bid, BAX, cas9, and cas3 were significantly elevated in the treatment groups as compared to the PBS control group (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, the treatment group exhibited significantly reduced levels of BCL2 gene transcription compared to the PBS control group (P &lt; 0.01). These results suggest that it may be possible to improve the efficacy of USAN formulations in combating cancer by utilizing noisome encapsulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667394024000157/pdfft?md5=06136d00907cdb5f01bc941b96159f7d&pid=1-s2.0-S2667394024000157-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the interplay between BCL-2 family proteins, apoptosis, and autophagy in colorectal cancer","authors":"Amanda Shen-Yee Kong ,&nbsp;Sathiya Maran ,&nbsp;Hwei-San Loh","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, with an alarming upward trend in Asia. Early detection is crucial for improving outcomes, but there is no consensus on the optimal screening approach. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, CRC mortality rates remain substantial. Apoptosis and autophagy, key processes in cancer cell death, exhibit complex molecular crosstalk, particularly involving BH-3-only proteins, which present potential therapeutic targets. Recent studies suggest that manipulating these pathways could enhance cancer treatment by exploiting their regulatory networks. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) family proteins, central to apoptosis regulation, are implicated in CRC initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. BH3-only proteins like BIM and PUMA are linked to caspase-independent cell death, suggesting alternative pathways for CRC treatment and highlighting the potential for targeted therapies. This review provides an overview of CRC management, including the current landscape and challenges of screening programs and delves into the interplay between apoptosis and autophagy in CRC cell death. It emphasizes the critical role of BCL-2 family proteins in CRC pathogenesis and calls for future research to focus on developing non-invasive, cost-effective diagnostic biomarkers, establishing prognostic biomarker panels, and defining predictive biomarkers for existing treatments. These advancements are essential for improving screening strategies, therapeutic interventions, and ultimately, patient outcomes and quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667394024000133/pdfft?md5=73acb2fe944f476babf22b8d43839a30&pid=1-s2.0-S2667394024000133-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-L1 and PD-1 in immune regulation and their implications in blood cancers","authors":"Parisa Shiri Aghbash ,&nbsp;Faezeh Mehdizadeh ,&nbsp;Ghazal Pourbeiragh ,&nbsp;Yalda Yazdani ,&nbsp;Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi ,&nbsp;Abolfazl Jafari Sales ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Pashazadeh ,&nbsp;Parisa Kangari","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Because of emerging opportunities for cancer immunotherapy, the capacity to suppress the immune system in order to cure and eradicate cancer is currently a topic of intense study. When the bone marrow microenvironment is exposed to immune suppression, leukemia cells result in the immune system's inability to eliminate malignant cells. To get a better understanding of the immunological possibilities associated with leukemia, clinical trials have explored immunotherapy techniques such as T cell activators, checkpoint inhibitors, antibody medicinal molecules, and cell treatments. One of the most important immune pathways is the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) protein. PD1 is expressed on the surface of T-cells and controls immune reactions. CD274, B7–H1, or PD-L1 are expressed by cells of the myeloid lineage, including macrophages, dendritic cells, effector CD8⁺ T cells, tumor cells, and tumor-associated suppressor cells. Expression of PD-L1 molecule in cancer has been associated to worse prognosis and resistance to anti-cancer therapies in several malignancies. In this review, we update on the expression of PD-1 molecule in malignant hematological tumor cells and describe these molecules which inhibit the immune response to cancer cells. We provide an overview of the current scientific advancements, the significance of immunotherapy strategies and highlighting the potential for further development in targeting this specific molecule. Additionally, ascertaining if PD-1/PD-L1 can be a reliable prognostic for blood cancer diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667394024000121/pdfft?md5=00e0c675ef6dc26d06e116a1c581384a&pid=1-s2.0-S2667394024000121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells and its exosomes in colorectal cancer: Paving way from preclinical towards clinical road","authors":"Zunaira Ali Baig ,&nbsp;Farzana Shafqat ,&nbsp;Iffat Mushtaq ,&nbsp;Ummara Aslam ,&nbsp;Asma Faryal ,&nbsp;Ayesha Maryam","doi":"10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adcanc.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. An increasing number of cases around the globe are raising concerns for life quality and survival. Various factors including genetic drivers have been extensively studied regarding the disease risk, progression, and metastasis. However, the signaling mechanisms haven't been studied extensively yet. Various therapeutic methods have been established in combating the disease, and mesenchymal stem cells have come up as a crucial cell-based therapeutic strategy. Mesenchymal stem cells have been regarded as potential targets in various cancer types due to their immune-modulatory functions. They can be isolated from many body tissues including bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have been reported to affect the expression of certain proteins associated with colorectal cancer. The current review highlights the potential of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes in treating cancer by causing cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Further, T-cell mediated modulation of exosomes helps reduce the cellular proliferation in cancer cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72083,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer biology - metastasis","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667394024000108/pdfft?md5=3a3361d8001405a8048789c9b7095c04&pid=1-s2.0-S2667394024000108-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}