{"title":"Harnessing Dominating Set for Target Coverage in Internet of Things Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"S. Afizudeen, R. Pavithra","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01618-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01618-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Internet of Things (IoT) maintain the interconnection between sensing devices and objects, collecting the real-time data for analysis and decision-making with Artificial Intelligence (AI). Many IoT enabled sensor nodes are battery powered and non-replaceable. The optimal placement of IoT-based sensors improve the real-time accurate data collection. In this paper, a Domination based Sensor Placement Strategic (DSPS) algorithm is proposed to address the sensor requirement and its optimal coordinates. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm has better quality of coverage and minimal sensor requirement among the other existing algorithms. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test is performed to compare the simulation result statistically.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"339 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nobin Chandra Paul, Navyasree Ponnaganti, K. Sammi Reddy, Dhananjay D. Nangare
{"title":"Modified Normalized Difference Water Index Mapping of Pune District Using Google Earth Engine","authors":"Nobin Chandra Paul, Navyasree Ponnaganti, K. Sammi Reddy, Dhananjay D. Nangare","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01617-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01617-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article focuses on mapping MNDWI of Pune District, Maharashtra, with a specific application in drought mapping. By analyzing satellite imagery, we identify areas experiencing reduced water content, such as shrinking water bodies and stressed vegetation, indicative of drought conditions. The temporal monitoring capability of MNDWI allows us to track the progression of drought and evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation measures. The generated MNDWI map may provide valuable information for policymakers and stakeholders in Pune District to address the impacts of drought on water resources and agricultural productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"48 2","pages":"199 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BAG6 in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Key Role in Protein Quality Control Pathways","authors":"Amit Chaudhary, Ashutosh Mani","doi":"10.1007/s40009-024-01598-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-024-01598-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Protein quality control mechanisms are crucial in maintaining cellular function and preventing neurodegeneration. Among these mechanisms, the protein BAG6—also known as Bcl2-associated athanogene 6 plays a significant role. BAG6 is involved in protein folding, degradation pathways, and the regulation of apoptosis. This mini-review explores how perturbations in these protein quality control mechanisms, particularly through the involvement of BAG6, may contribute to AD progression and protein aggregation. By understanding the specific functions of BAG6 in these processes, we can gain insights into the mechanisms underlying AD and identify potential therapeutic strategies for addressing AD and related protein aggregation disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 2","pages":"255 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147947076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Trends in Regression Testing: Modeling and Analyzing the Critiques in Selection, Optimization, and Prioritization","authors":"Raja Marappan, Saraswatikaniga Raja","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01613-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01613-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, the software industry uses soft computing techniques to perform various tests and research to keep the software of better quality for customers or end users. <i>Regression testing</i> is needed to gain confidential insight into the software so that its performance is not affected. This testing is executed after updating the source code to ensure no new errors will be reported from the updates. As the software evolves, the <i>test suites</i> also increase in size, and hence, the computational cost is increased for the <i>test suites</i> execution. This research analyzes the recent trends in <i>regression testing</i> as different methods are developed to optimize the <i>test suite</i> using <i>selection</i>, <i>minimization</i>, and <i>prioritization</i>. The <i>test case selection</i> determines the suitable <i>test cases</i> for the necessary updates. <i>Test suite optimization</i> eliminates unnecessary or redundant <i>test cases</i> and reduces the total runs of <i>test cases</i>. Sequencing the <i>test cases</i> in an order is necessary to optimize the early detection of faults. This research analyzes the modeling and critiques in <i>selection</i>, <i>minimization</i>, and <i>prioritization</i> of recent techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"439 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GC–MS Analysis of Leaves Extract of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit., for Phytochemical Composition from the Jammu Region","authors":"Jayoti Devi, Pratibha Magotra, Namrata Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01610-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01610-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Invasive alien species pose significant threats to native ecosystems by outcompeting indigenous species and disrupting ecological balance. In efforts trying to focus on managing or eradicating these species, there has been growing interest in understanding their biochemical composition, particularly phytochemicals with diverse biological properties. Work reported herein focuses on this aspect in <i>Hyptis suaveolens</i> (L.) Poit<i>.</i>(Family: Lamiaceae), an aromatic herb found in various regions of the world including India. GC–MS analysis of <i>Hyptis suaveolens</i> leaf extract from plants of six different populations in Toluene revealed several phytochemicals, including Stigmasta-3,5-diene (19.52%), Nylidrin (6.7%), and trans-Linalool oxide (furanoid) (1.82%), Pentazocine (0.55%) and Geranyl isovalerate (1.7%). Some of these compounds are reported to exhibit antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties emphasising significant potential of the species as a traditional resource for various applications. This marks the first exploration of its kind for this species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"315 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karungan Selvaraj Vijai Selvaraj, Rajiv Periakaruppan, Abhishekh K. T., Kuppusamy Sathishkumar, Nishanth Mohan Das
{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Cymodocea serrulata Extract-Mediated Silica Nanoparticles with Antioxidant Properties","authors":"Karungan Selvaraj Vijai Selvaraj, Rajiv Periakaruppan, Abhishekh K. T., Kuppusamy Sathishkumar, Nishanth Mohan Das","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01615-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01615-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seagrass is abundant in bioactive compounds like vitamins and minerals. The study focused on utilization of <i>C. serrulata</i> to synthesize the silica nanoparticles through a green chemistry approach. The bioactive compounds of seagrass act as capping and reducing agents in fabrication of nanoparticles. The physical and chemical properties of <i>C. serrulata</i>-mediated silica nanoparticles (NPs) were examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM-EDX, and TGA analysis. DPPH assay assessed the free radical scavenging activity of <i>C. serrulata-</i>mediated silica NPs. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a peak at 300 nm, indicating silica nanoparticle formation. FTIR analysis showed various functional groups like Si-OH stretch, H-O-H stretch, Si-O-Si bond, and SiO<sub>2</sub> bond. XRD analysis determined the function of amorphous silica nanoparticles. FESEM analysis displayed spherical-shaped silica nanoparticles. TGA analysis demonstrated the thermal stability of <i>C. serrulata</i>-mediated silica NPs. DPPH assay concluded that as-synthesized nanoparticles show the significant scavenging activity with IC<sub>50</sub> value of 18.50 µg/mL, which corresponding its important antioxidant properties with potential health benefits. The antioxidant potential of <i>C. serrulata</i>-mediated silica NPs may use in nanomedicine field to produce the novel drug.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"451 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Optimization of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna for Enhanced Breast Tumor Detection Using Microwave Imaging","authors":"Bindu Babu, Sudha Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01611-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01611-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a novel breast tumor identification strategy utilizing microwave imaging technology with specially designed antennas. The aim is to address the complexities arising from heterogeneity of breast tissues, which pose challenges for conventional breast cancer detection methods. To overcome these challenges, an Antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) is developed, featuring dimensions of 53.07 × 46.07 × 0.6 mm³. The design parameters of AVA are optimized using mutation boosted Kepler optimization algorithm (MBKOA). Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis on phantom breast with tumors is carried out utilizing finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) approach. To enhance signal strength at desired imaging location, Microwave Imaging beamforming algorithm is applied. Fast Delay Multiply and Sum (DMS) based image reconstruction algorithm is employed on time-domain data, providing high spatial response and comprehensive representation of internal structure of the breast.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"323 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. L. Dotaniya, S. Rajendiran, J. K. Saha, C. K. Dotaniya, Sandeep Mohbe
{"title":"Immobilization of Chromium Concentration in Wheat Crop by the Application of Sugarcane Industrial Waste","authors":"M. L. Dotaniya, S. Rajendiran, J. K. Saha, C. K. Dotaniya, Sandeep Mohbe","doi":"10.1007/s40009-024-01527-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-024-01527-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal widely used in wooden, tannery, and metal industries. A significant portion of unused Cr is discharged into waste and reaches to the agricultural fields. Long-term application of Cr containing effluent generated from the tannery industries is this study’s key concern. These effluents are discharged into the common sewage carrying channels due lack of their appropriate treatment and disposal, and reach human bodies <i>via</i> food chain contamination grown on the Cr affected agricultural land. To immobilize Cr in soil and reduce its uptake by wheat crops, organic matter such as farmyard manure (FYM) and pressmud (PM) can be applied. These organic amendments help in binding Cr in the soil, limiting it’s availability for plant uptake; and lowering it’s concentration in the wheat crop. In this experiment, we compared the chemical fertilizer alone and in combination with organic sources of plant nutrients for their efficacy in Cr immobilization. Treatments comprised of control (RDF), FYM (5, 10 t/ha), PM (5, 10 t/ha) with four replications were applied in tannery irrigated fields. Results indicated that wheat crop yield enhanced by 22.5 to 38.23% with FYM, whereas, PM enhanced it by 17.6 to 34.6%. Cr concentration reduction in wheat crop was observed upto 0.77 µg/g in FYM and 1.47 µg/g in PM applied plots with 10 t/ha over control in wheat crop. FYM reduced Cr uptake to a greater magnitude than PM. Higher levels of both FYM and PM significantly reduced the Cr in wheat crop. This study highlighted the potential of these organic amendments in minimizing the Cr toxicity in tannery-irrigated fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"48 5","pages":"607 - 611"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Errors in the Electrical Measurements due to the Parasitic Effects","authors":"Ravindra Dhar","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01614-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01614-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Impedance measurement on electronic materials is very informative for their characterization. Generally, such studies are performed through parallel plate capacitors. However, measurements in low (< 1 kHz) and high (> 100 kHz) frequency regions are most often affected by various parasitic effects particularly in the case where electrodes of the capacitors have finite (instead of ~ 0) resistance. Results are also incorrect if calibration is improper. Because of these issues, several results, and conclusions thereupon in several measurements are blatantly incorrect (such as dielectric constant values < 1 including negative values and even negative values of loss) and justify Einstein’s statement <i>“If facts do not fit to theory</i>,<i> then change facts”</i>. In the present communication, short comments and possible precautions/solutions are suggested to perform correct measurements with parallel plate capacitors having finite resistance of the electrodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"447 - 450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Range Extension of Pethia Canius, Hamilton 1822 (Cyprinidae) to Odisha, India","authors":"Gaurav Anil Shinde, Ayan Khanra, Sumandrita Banerjee","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01608-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40009-025-01608-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article depicts a noteworthy discovery of <i>Cyprinus canius</i> Hamilton, 1822, currently classified under Pethia, from an ichthyological exploration in the Mahanadi River, Cuttack district, Odisha. Initially described from West Bengal, India, confusion in identification with <i>P. gelius</i> led to its synonymy until Knight (2013) reinstated its distinct status and rediscribed it as <i>Pethia canius</i>. Recent investigations conducted in the Mahanadi river allowed the authors to confirm the presence of <i>P. canius,</i> supported by morphological and meristic characteristics, thereby expanding its known distribution beyond West Bengal. This discovery challenges earlier records and underscores the importance of revisiting historical identifications and contributes valuable data for the distribution of <i>P. canius</i> in freshwater ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"311 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}