Acta Stomatologica Croatica最新文献

{"title":"Adjunctive Povidone-Iodine Improves Bleeding Outcomes in Step 2 of Periodontal Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Valentin Bartha, Boris Krumm, Judith Schamuhn, Aleksandra Kopunic, Marco M Herz","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/5","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effects of adjunctive povidone-iodine (PVP-I), full-mouth disinfection (FMD), and conventional full-mouth scaling (FMS) following Step 2 of periodontal therapy on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patient records from the Department of Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital Tubingen (2004-2016), with complete periodontal data before (T0) and after Step 2 of periodontal therapy (T1), were analyzed. The influence of treatment modality, baseline bleeding on probing (BOP%), proportion of sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 5 mm, age, smoking, diabetes, and re-evaluation interval on changes in BOP and PPD, as well as on the clinical endpoints <i>BOP ≤ 20%</i> and <i>≤ 4 sites with PPD ≥ 5 mm</i>, was assessed using multivariable regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 227 patients were included (52% female; mean ± SD age: 56.5 ± 11.2 years): 96 FMS, 93 FMD, and 38 PVP-I. Adjunctive PVP-I led to a significantly greater reduction in BOP compared with both FMD and FMS and substantially increased the likelihood of achieving <i>BOP ≤ 20%</i> (adjusted OR = 11.5; p = 0.03), independent of baseline inflammation and re-evaluation period. For the pocket-related endpoint (<i>≤ 4 sites with PPD ≥ 5 mm</i>), regression models were unstable due to the small number of successful cases; baseline PPD % remained the only consistent predictor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adjunctive PVP-I use was significantly associated with improved bleeding-related outcomes after Step 2 of periodontal therapy, whereas no additional benefit was observed for deep-pocket reduction. PVP-I may therefore enhance the resolution of gingival inflammation but does not substantially affect pocket closure beyond conventional mechanical therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"71-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Recovery after Intraoral Surgery: Total Intravenous Anaesthesia versus Sevoflurane: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ivan Šitum, Slobodan Mihaljević, Igor Blivajs, Martina Perić Šitum, Pjetra Karlović, Željko Verzak, Zoran Karlović","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/4","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the quality of recovery between total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol and balanced inhalational anaesthesia with sevoflurane in patients undergoing intraoral surgical procedures.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective randomised controlled clinical trial on 50 patients (25 per group) who underwent intraoral surgical procedures longer than 30 minutes. The primary outcome was the quality of recovery measured by the QoR-40 questionnaire at 1 hour, 24 hours, and 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes included bite force, hand grip strength, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and postoperative shivering.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QoR-40 scores did not differ between groups at any time point (differences from -0.04 to 1.2 points, all p>0.05). Bite force and hand grip strength did not differ between groups. However, TIVA eliminated PONV (0% vs 28%, p=0.010, NNT=4) and shivering (0% vs 36%, p=0.002, NNT=3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TIVA and sevoflurane result in a similar quality of recovery after intraoral procedures. However, TIVA eliminates PONV and shivering, which represents a clinically significant benefit for patients undergoing intraoral surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"58-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ozone on Adhesion of Pediatric Bioactive Restorative Materials <i>in Vitro</i>.","authors":"Federica Veneri, Andrea Nobili, Giovanni Bolelli, Paolo Savadori, Tommaso Filippini, Ugo Consolo, Luigi Generali","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/9","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> preliminary study investigated how different ozone formulations affect the adhesion, surface topography, and interfacial ion release of two pediatric bioactive restorative materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Standardized enamel and dentin surfaces (n=96) from extracted human teeth were randomized into 8 groups which differ by the treatment protocol (no treatment, ozone gas, ozonated water, ozonated gel) and restorative material used (Fuji II LC, ACTIVA Bioactive Restorative). Adhesive performance was evaluated after 7 days of storage (HBSS, 37 °C) by shear bond strength (SBS) test and microscopic fracture mode analysis. Surface roughness (Sa) was measured by optical profilometry; interfacial elemental composition was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray detectors (SEM-EDX).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ozone treatment did not significantly affect SBS (mean 3.59±3.23 MPa [min 0.05 MPa; max 11.69 MPa]), fracture modes, or surface roughness (p>0.05 for all domains). Chemical analyses revealed no appreciable difference, with the possible exception of minimal fluoride release.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regardless of the vector agent, ozone treatments showed no significant effect on the short-term adhesion capability of either restorative material, or on the bonding quality with enamel and dentin. Additionally, it seemed that they they neither affected the surface topography nor the possible bioactivity at the interface of the tested materials. However, these preliminary results are restricted to the specific experimental conditions adopted, and further studies are required before any definitive clinical recommendations can be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"129-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Interventions in the Management of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Cristiana Palmela Pereira, Beatriz Serra, João Paulo Martins","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/2","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) encompass a set of conditions affecting the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), with an impact on both functionality and individuals' quality of life. Myalgia is a diagnosis of TMD with multifactorial etiology, and treatment strategies aim primarily to relieve pain and restore function. Pharmacological therapy is commonly considered a second-line option, thus complementing conservative measures.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Assess the efficacy of pharmacological interventions in the management of myalgia associated with temporomandibular disorders, in adolescents and adults, while exploring differential effects across TMD subtypes through subgroup analyses, using a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the <i>Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions</i> and reported following the PRISMA 2020 statement. Seventeen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2018 and 2024 were included. Pharmacological interventions such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, and intra-articular injectables-were compared with placebo or other active treatments. The primary outcomes were pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale, VAS) and maximum interincisal opening (MIO) unassisted.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>A total of 1,128 participants were analyzed across 25 treatment arms. Pharmacological interventions were associated with a significant reduction in pain (SMD = -0.68; 95% CI: -1.09 to -0.26; p < 0.001) and an improvement in MIO (SMD = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.82; p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that interventions were more consistent and effective in arthralgia-only populations, showing lower heterogeneity and a more predictable therapeutic response, whereas myalgia-only populations exhibited smaller and less consistent benefits. Conservative therapies demonstrated a consistent advantage, thus aligning with international recommendations that prioritize such approaches. Subgroup analyses demonstrated more consistent and homogeneous effects in arthralgia-dominant populations, whereas myalgia-only studies showed greater heterogeneity and less predictable responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacological therapy provides a moderate overall beneficial effect in reducing pain and improving mandibular function in TMD, with stronger and more consistent evidence in arthralgia-dominant populations, while myalgia-related outcomes remain more variable, thus indicating the need for tailored treatment strategies. Further high-quality RCTs with standardized protocols are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"19-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Material, Sterilization, and Repeated Use on the Deviations of PEEK and Titanium Monoblock Scanbodies.","authors":"Bige Koc Ata, Deniz Sen, Fusun Ozer, Markus B Blatz","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/3","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate the effects of multiple sterilization cycles and repeated clinical use on the stability of monoblock titanium and PEEK scanbodies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ten monoblock titanium and PEEK scanbodies were paired up, thus forming a total of ten study groups. Each pair was scanned using an intraoral scanner to record a reference scan. Study groups underwent 30 cycles of tightening, loosening and sterilization, respectively. Scanning was performed after every five cycles, resulting in six study scans per group. Linear <i>(∆X, ∆Y</i> and <i>∆Z</i>-axis), angular <i>(∆ANGLE</i>) and three-dimensional (Euclidean distance, <i>∆EUC</i>) deviations were calculated and compared using two-way ANOVA test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of repeated cycles was insignificant on scanbody deviations for both of the scanbody materials (<i>p></i>0.05). The scanbody material had a significant impact, with titanium scanbodies demonstrating significantly higher deviations in <i>∆X, ∆Z</i> and <i>∆EUC</i> compared to PEEK scanbodies (<i>p<</i>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEEK scanbodies provided more accurate and more consistent digital scans than titanium.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"43-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Osseous Degenerative Changes on Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Disc Displacement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Matea Prenc, Tomislav Badel, Borna Bilić, Eva Nina Drev, Julius Hager, Helena Žižek, Mia Smoljan Basuga, Dijana Zadravec","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/1","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective of work: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a degenerative condition affecting both osseous and soft tissue structures. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers detailed visualization of osseous changes, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides superior assessment of soft tissues, particularly the articular disc. The relationship between bony degeneration and disc abnormalities remains poorly defined. This study examined the correlation between CBCT-identified osseous radiological features of TMJ OA and MRI-detected disc displacement patterns.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 198 TMJs from 99 patients clinically diagnosed with TMJ OA, where both MRI and CBCT imaging were performed in the same patient to enable direct comparative analysis. MRI was used to classify disc position as normal, partial displacement with reduction, complete displacement with reduction (DDR), or complete displacement without reduction (DDWR). CBCT scans were assessed for degenerative bone changes, including subchondral cysts, erosions, generalized sclerosis, osteophytes, and loose calcified bodies. OA severity was graded using the Ahmad and Schiffman criteria. Statistical evaluation was conducted using Fisher's Exact Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant correlation was found between OA severity and disc displacement type (p < 0.001). DDWR was most frequently associated with Grade 2 OA (26.8%). Subchondral cysts (p = 0.004), erosions (p < 0.001), generalized sclerosis (p < 0.001), and osteophytes (p < 0.001) occurred with significantly higher prevalence in patients presenting with DDWR. Loose calcified bodies showed no significant association with disc position (p = 0.191).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is an association between degenerative osseous changes and disc displacement patterns in TMJ OA, and DDWR represents a more advanced stage of internal derangement accompanied by pronounced bone remodeling. These results support the combined use of CBCT and MRI for the comprehensive assessment of TMJ OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"4-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Root Canal Drying Methods on Bioceramic Sealer Bond Strength.","authors":"Idil Ozden, Nur Sima Eken, Beste Cilli, Hesna Sazak Ovecoglu","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/6","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of paper point drying, microsuction, and 70% isopropyl alcohol on the push-out bond strength and interfacial adaptation of a premixed bioceramic sealer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty extracted maxillary central incisors were prepared using NiTi rotary instruments and irrigated with NaOCl and EDTA. Specimens were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10): paper point drying, microsuction, or 70% isopropyl alcohol. All canals were obturated with a calcium silicate-based bioceramic sealer using the single-cone technique. After one week of incubation, root slices from the coronal, middle, and apical thirds (n = 90) were subjected to push-out bond strength testing. Failure modes were evaluated stereomicroscopically, and selected specimens underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The drying protocol significantly affected bond strength (p < 0.001). The isopropyl alcohol (3.23 MPa) and paper point (2.97 MPa) groups demonstrated significantly higher bond strength than the microsuction group (1.23 MPa). Apical slices showed higher bond strength than coronal and middle slices. Mixed failures predominated, while cohesive failures were more frequent in the alcohol and paper point groups. SEM revealed improved sealer-dentin adaptation with fewer interfacial gaps in these groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bioceramic sealer adhesion is strongly influenced by the drying method. Paper point drying and isopropyl alcohol enhance bond strength and interfacial adaptation, whereas microsuction results in inferior performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental work-up protocol of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing kidney transplant surgery - a retrospective study.","authors":"Ivan Mikić, Petra Ivanišić, Lara Sviličić, Kaja Topolnjak, Danica Vidović Juras, Vlatko Kopić, Vlaho Brailo","doi":"10.15644/asc60/1/10","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc60/1/10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pre-transplant dental clearance is commonly recommended for kidney transplant candidates, although standardized protocols are lacking and supporting evidence remains limited. The aim of this study was to analyze the dental work-up protocol, treatment needs, complications, and time to clearance in patients undergoing kidney transplantation at a tertiary care center.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients referred by their attending nephrologist for pre-transplant dental evaluation between 2019 and 2024. Demographic, medical, and dental data were collected, including DMFT index, type and number of procedures performed, complications, and time required to obtain dental clearance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-four patients (median age 41 years) were included. The median DMFT index was 13.5 (range 0-28). Supragingival instrumentation was performed in 39.2% of patients, and tooth extraction in 27%, with 62 teeth removed overall. Endodontic treatment was completed in 9.5% of patients. Two postoperative complications (2.7%) were recorded and managed conservatively. Most patients (67.6%) achieved dental clearance in a single visit, and the median time to clearance was 1 day (range 1-45).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this single-center retrospective study, pre-transplant dental clearance was feasible, safe, and completed without evidence of clinically meaningful delay in the transplant preparation process.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"60 1","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Orthodontic Clear Aligner Practices among Orthodontists in Croatia.","authors":"Ana Marija Miličević, Luka Šimunović, Tea Popović, Tony Weir, Maurice J Meade, Senka Meštrović","doi":"10.15644/asc59/4/1","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc59/4/1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to investigate clear aligner therapy (CAT) practices and protocols among orthodontic specialists in the Republic of Croatia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The modified version of a previously published questionnaire s was distributed online to 180 orthodontists. It included 46 open- and closed-ended questions across 11 sections, covering demographics, clinical use of CAT, aligner preferences, digital treatment planning (DTP), indications, protocols, interproximal reduction (IPR), refinements, retention, patient-reported issues, and overall perceptions. Respondents not using CAT were directed to a separate section on non-use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of respondents (88%) reported using CAT in clinical practice, although only 10% of their annual cases involved CAT. Adults were more common patient group (57.9%), and the main indication was mild to moderate crowding. Invisalign was the most frequently used aligner system (58.7%), primarily chosen for the quality of digital treatment planning (DTP) and sophistication of product features. Two-thirds of the respondents reported modifying the digital treatment plan, particularly by adjusting the final tooth position. Refinement was performed in 50% of the cases. IPR was included in 80% of the initial treatment plans and only 20% of the refinement phases. Finally, 52.6% of orthodontists considered CAT to be superior to conventional fixed appliance therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAT is widely used by orthodontists in Croatia, primarily for mild cases. Nevertheless, aligners are still not perceived as producing superior outcomes compared with fixed appliances.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"59 4","pages":"330-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12826669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Dimorphism in Maxillary Canine Dimensions among Kosovo Population: A CBCT Analysis.","authors":"Vigan Aliu, Jehona Reçica Ahmedi","doi":"10.15644/asc59/4/7","DOIUrl":"10.15644/asc59/4/7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental sexual dimorphism, particularly in maxillary canines, is one of the most reliable markers for sex determination in forensic and anthropological contexts. With the advent of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), more accurate and population-specific morphometric data can be obtained.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to measure sexual dimorphism in maxillary canine crown sizes in the Kosovo population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. It also assessed the potential for determining sex in forensic cases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on CBCT scans from 60 subjects (30 males, 30 females) aged 18-30 years at the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. Mesiodistal (MD) and vestibularoral (VO) crown dimensions were measured. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Cohen's d effect sizes, and sexual dimorphism percentages calculated using the Garn and Lewis formula.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All parameters showed significant sexual dimorphism (p < 0.001), with males exhibiting larger crown sizes. The highest dimorphism was observed in the left canine VO dimension (8.92%), followed by the right canine VO (8.87%). Average sex differences ranged from 0.597-0.724 mm, with large effect sizes (Cohen's d: 1.166-1.435). Bilateral correlations were strong for both MD and VO measurements (r = 0.961-0.966).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maxillary canines exhibit pronounced sexual dimorphism in the Kosovo population, with VO dimensions showing slightly greater discriminatory potential than MD. These findings highlight their value in forensic sex determination and provide population-specific reference data for Kosovo.</p>","PeriodicalId":7154,"journal":{"name":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica","volume":"59 4","pages":"410-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12826663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}