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Computing Grounding Impedance of Rods Buried in Frequency-Dependent Stratified Soils 埋在频率相关层状土中的杆的接地阻抗计算
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627357
Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo, Walter Luis Manzi de Azevedo, J. Pissolato Filho
{"title":"Computing Grounding Impedance of Rods Buried in Frequency-Dependent Stratified Soils","authors":"Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo, Walter Luis Manzi de Azevedo, J. Pissolato Filho","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627357","url":null,"abstract":"Grounding conductors play a fundamental role when transmission towers are subjected to lightning strikes in power systems. In this context, several studies have been carried out in the literature to compute the impedance of grounding conductors buried in homogeneous soils. However, for an accurate transient analysis, the assessment of grounding impedance must include the frequency-dependence of the soil electrical parameters (resistivity and dielectric permittivity) for conductors buried in a stratified ground. This paper investigates the performance ABCD-matrix representation of deep rods buried in frequency-dependent stratified soils based on an equivalent quadripole method, where each electrode segment is modelled as a short transmission line. Results demonstrated that the grounding impedance is significantly reduced when frequency-dependent soil electrical parameters are used in the frequency-domain simulations. Additionally, the time-domain Grounding Potential Rise (GPR) waveforms are computed for the lightning current represented by the first and subsequent return strokes. The transient responses show that the peak of the GPR waveforms is highly reduced when frequency-dependent stratified soils are considered. Simulation results show that adding another layer of frequency-dependent soil cause a pronounced reduction on the grounding impedance waveforms above a given frequency and the voltage peaks of GPR waveforms are highly decreased, especially for subsequent strokes.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83905770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Specific Ground Truth Data Analysis of Lightning Discharges in Austria 奥地利闪电放电具体地面真值数据分析
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627439
Lukas Schwalt, S. Pack, W. Schulz
{"title":"Specific Ground Truth Data Analysis of Lightning Discharges in Austria","authors":"Lukas Schwalt, S. Pack, W. Schulz","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627439","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis of specific parameters of lightning discharges in the field of lightning research and observation in the Austrian Alps run by Graz University of Technology in correlation with detections from the Austrian Lightning Location System (LLS). Atmospheric discharges are observed at 21 different measurement locations in Austria by using a video and field recording system. This system consists of a high speed video camera (2000 frames per second) and a flat plate antenna to record the electric field. The recorded data can be used to better understand the atmospheric discharges, especially in the alpine area. The ground truth data set of the measurement periods 2015, 2017 and 2018 have been correlated with LLS data to complete the data set. For this analysis the multiplicity of VFRS and LLS data have been compared. In addition, analyses regarding ground strike points (GSP) per flash and distances between GSPs of flashes have been carried out. The mean multiplicity of the analyzed ground truth data exhibited a lower value compared to multiplicities from other countries available in the literature, but similar ones determined by former studies from Austria. Data of GSP per flashes showed similar values like studies from Brazil and a first data set from Arizona but higher values compared to analyses of data from France and a second data set from Arizona. Calculations of distances between the first GSP of a flash to the other GSPs of the same flash showed a median of 1.4 km, an arithmetic mean of 1.6 km and a geometric mean of 1.2 km. The maximum determined distance between two GSPs was 6.9 km.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89868224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Empirical Model of the Impulse Voltage-Time Characteristic of Gas Discharge Tube 气体放电管脉冲电压-时间特性的经验模型
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627368
Cong Duc Pham, V. Crevenat, Y. Gannac
{"title":"Empirical Model of the Impulse Voltage-Time Characteristic of Gas Discharge Tube","authors":"Cong Duc Pham, V. Crevenat, Y. Gannac","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627368","url":null,"abstract":"Gas discharge tube (GDT) is one of the most important non-linear components used in low-voltage telecom networks to provide overvoltage protection such as lightning. The efficiency of GDT is best illustrated by an impulse voltage-time characteristic. Predictable this characteristic is important because downstream equipments being protected by the GDT are typically capable of tolerating short transient overvoltages. In this paper, an experimental investigation of the impulse voltage-time characteristic of GDTs is performed. Hyperbolic and empirical models are proposed to describe the experimental results and a good agreement with experimental data is found.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79552156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cloud-to-Ground lightning nowcasting using Machine Learning 使用机器学习的云对地闪电临近预报
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627428
Alice La Fata, Federico Amato, M. Bernardi, M. D’Andrea, R. Procopio, E. Fiori
{"title":"Cloud-to-Ground lightning nowcasting using Machine Learning","authors":"Alice La Fata, Federico Amato, M. Bernardi, M. D’Andrea, R. Procopio, E. Fiori","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627428","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the use of Random Forest (RF), a popular Machine Learning (ML) algorithm, to perform spatially explicit nowcasting of cloud-to-ground lightning occurrence. An application to the Italian territory and the surrounding seas is then presented. Specifically, a dataset including eighteen geo-environmental features has been used to forecast 1-hour ahead lightning occurrence over a three-months period (August- October 2018). The features' importance resulting from the best RF model showed how data-driven models are able to identify relationships between variables, in agreement with previous physically-based knowledge of the phenomenon. The encouraging results obtained in terms of forecasting accuracy suggest how, after proper improvements, ML-based algorithms could find their place in wider early-warning systems to support disaster risk management procedures.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79866481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Arrester Damage on 6.6 kV Power Distribution Line in Japan by Winter Lightning 冬季雷击对日本6.6 kV配电线路避雷器的破坏
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627344
K. Michishita, Takuya Omura, S. Yokoyama, Koji Takano, M. Ikuta, M. Matsui
{"title":"Arrester Damage on 6.6 kV Power Distribution Line in Japan by Winter Lightning","authors":"K. Michishita, Takuya Omura, S. Yokoyama, Koji Takano, M. Ikuta, M. Matsui","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627344","url":null,"abstract":"The proportion of lightning fault among distribution line faults is still high, and lightning protection of an OPDL (overhead power distribution line) are still an important issue even today. In this paper, the authors investigate the arrester damage on the OPDL in Japan by winter lightning.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81587605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attachment process of the discharge of competing grounded electrodes - Experimental observations and modeling 竞争接地电极放电的附着过程。实验观察和模拟
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627395
L. Arevalo, A. Lobato, V. Cooray, P. Hettiarachchi, Mahbubur Rahman
{"title":"Attachment process of the discharge of competing grounded electrodes - Experimental observations and modeling","authors":"L. Arevalo, A. Lobato, V. Cooray, P. Hettiarachchi, Mahbubur Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627395","url":null,"abstract":"The lightning attachment discharge process theory is based on studies of the physics of the discharge obtained from high voltage laboratory tests. The process of propagation of positive and negative discharges has been studied independently and then the gathered information has been used to understand and explain the lightning attachment development. In this paper, an experimental set-up is built to describe the dynamic behavior of positive and negative discharges. Electrodes of different dimensions placed at different distances are used as grounded electrodes and a high voltage electrode is subject to negative switching impulses. Test results allow to identify different stages of the dynamic process of attachment of the discharge between a downward negative discharge and a positive upward leader discharge. The principles of physics of discharge for positive and negative polarities are used to model the laboratory test measurements. The model can reproduce in an accurate manner majority of the dynamic processes of the discharge. In addition, statistical results of the effect of nearby and competing upward discharges is obtained.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80247428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Time delay measurement based on analytic signal for lightning interferometer 基于解析信号的雷电干涉仪时延测量
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627481
Fernando Diaz, Carlos Gómez, F. Roman
{"title":"Time delay measurement based on analytic signal for lightning interferometer","authors":"Fernando Diaz, Carlos Gómez, F. Roman","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627481","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a signal processing approach to reduce uncertainty related to the time difference estimation. The proposed method is a well-known approach that suits the location of source radiation coming from thundercloud by a lightning interferometer. The method uses analytic signals and the cross-correlation function to turn lag estimation from a maximum to a zero-crossing point. The latest is simpler because it is unique, so the uncertainty about its true value is lesser. Furthermore, interpolation calculations are not required to overcome the broadening of the maxima values for noisy signals.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80661066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Luminosity Characteristics of Dart Leader and Attempted Leader in a Rocket Triggered Lightning 火箭触发闪电中先导和未遂先导的光度特性
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627384
Rui Su, Jianguo Wang, L. Cai, Yadong Fan, Mi Zhou, Fukun Wang, Junlin Wang
{"title":"Luminosity Characteristics of Dart Leader and Attempted Leader in a Rocket Triggered Lightning","authors":"Rui Su, Jianguo Wang, L. Cai, Yadong Fan, Mi Zhou, Fukun Wang, Junlin Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627384","url":null,"abstract":"A rocket triggered lightning is discussed on difference between dart leader and attempted leader. Attempted leader is a kind of stepped leader/dart leader that fails to connect with upward leader from the ground level. In this case, speed of dart leaders is larger than 1.08×107 m/s and that of attempted leaders has a mean value of 0.46×107 m/s. Sum and maximum luminosity of all dart leader channels present a constantly growing tendency with time. There is no relationship between speed and luminosity of dart leader channel but there may exist correlation between average luminosity of channel and propagation speed of attempted leaders. Whether luminosity of leader tail changes by a wide margin is an important difference between dart and attempted leader. An anomalous dart leader is recognized to be close to critical state between dart leader and attempted leader.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85623855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effects of Soil Uniformity on Radial Electric Field of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse 土壤均匀性对雷电电磁脉冲径向电场的影响
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627392
M. I. Mousa, Z. Abdul-Malek, Mona Riza Mohd Esa
{"title":"Effects of Soil Uniformity on Radial Electric Field of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse","authors":"M. I. Mousa, Z. Abdul-Malek, Mona Riza Mohd Esa","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627392","url":null,"abstract":"Soil uniformity has direct effects on the lightning radial electric fields propagated in both above and under ground, which may lead to significant impacts on many systems around lightning stroke location. This research aims to fully comprehend the impact of soil uniformity on the lightning radial electric fields propagated over different water content of the soil. MTLE model was used to represent the lightning return stroke channel. The return stroke channel, lightning electromagnetic field propagation, and frequency-dependent soil were modeled in COMSOL. Radial electric fields were determined at various observation distances from the lightning channel. The influence of peak values, wave shapes, and polarities of the above/underground radial electric over different soil structure, and at various distances from lightning channels were studied. The results show that the soil uniformity has a significant impact on the above/underground fields and their behaviors with different water contents.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73367836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metric collection on semantically segmented highspeed lightning footage with machine learning 基于机器学习的高速闪电镜头语义分段度量集
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627429
J. R. Smit, Hugh G. P. Hunt, C. Schumann, T. Warner
{"title":"Metric collection on semantically segmented highspeed lightning footage with machine learning","authors":"J. R. Smit, Hugh G. P. Hunt, C. Schumann, T. Warner","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627429","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation of the accuracy of a system using semantic segmentation in determining the number of individual strokes, direction of leaders and strike points for high-speed lightning footage. The paper uses a pre-trained DeepLabv3+ network, chosen to allow for the lowest computer requirements, where the last layers of the model are retrained on lightning footage. The network produces semantic segmented images where each pixel has a numerical label which are evaluated to count strokes. Regions of interest are created per strike and used to reduce noise. The system has a stroke detection efficiency of 70.1%, direction accuracy of 80% and a strike point accuracy of 89.5% when evaluated on 15 videos.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76021491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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