生态学报最新文献

{"title":"Phytosociological and edaphic parameters of Actaea kashmiriana assemblages in Kashmir Himalaya","authors":"Sufiya Rashid ,&nbsp;Kausar Rashid ,&nbsp;Tajamul Islam ,&nbsp;Aijaz H. Ganie ,&nbsp;Irshad A. Nawchoo ,&nbsp;Anzar Ahmad Khuroo","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Phytosociological analysis and soil physicochemical properties provide the baseline data to understand the overall vegetation composition and structure. In this study, we investigated the species composition and diversity of vegetation assemblages of an endemic </span>plant species </span><span><em>Actaea</em><em> kashmiriana</em></span><span> along with the edaphic parameters. We laid randomly selected sampling quadrats across five different sites in Kashmir Himalaya. We employed multiple Pearson's correlation and principal component analysis to investigate the interaction between phytosociological and edaphic parameters. The results revealed that 90 plant species are associated with </span><em>A. kashmiriana</em><span><span><span>, and Asteraceae, </span>Rosaceae and </span>Lamiaceae were the dominant families. </span><span><em>Fragaria</em><em> nubicola</em></span> (36.59), <span><em>Dryopteris</em><em> blanfordii</em></span> (34.72), <em>Viola odorata</em> (39.83), <span><em>Galium aparine</em></span> (23.70), <span><em>Trifolium pratense</em></span> (16.19), <span><em>Cynodon dactylon</em></span> (16.94), <span><em>Urtica dioica</em></span> (15.29) and <span><em>Taraxacum officinale</em></span> (14.25) showed higher Importance Value Index (IVI) and were found to be dominant in <em>A</em>. <em>kashmiriana</em> assemblages. The IVI of <em>A. kashmiriana</em> ranged from 11.24 to 13.76 across the study sites. We found a positive co-occurrence of <em>A. kashmiriana</em> with <span><em>Viburnum</em><span><em> grandiflorum, </em><em>Arisaema</em><em> jacquemontii, Bistorta amplexicaulis, Taraxacum officinale, Fragaria nubicola,</em></span></span> and <em>Urtica dioica.</em><span> The soil physicochemical properties significantly correlated with the species diversity indices, with the site having nutrient-rich soils and less disturbance possessing higher species richness and diversity. The findings of our study can help in developing better strategies for effective conservation and habitat restoration of this plant species endemic to Kashmir Himalaya, with learnings for elsewhere in the world.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1038-1048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorptive removal of crystal violet dye by Azadirachta indica (neem) sawdust: A low-cost bio-sorbent","authors":"Mohd Ashraf Dar,&nbsp;Mohammad Anas,&nbsp;Kumari Kajal,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar,&nbsp;Garima Kaushik","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The potentiality of <em>Azadirachta indica</em> sawdust as a cost-effective natural adsorbent for adsorptive elimination of a cationic dye crystal violet from aqueous emulsion was investigated. Because sawdust is plentiful and low-cost by-product. Additionally, sawdust can be composted to replace the regeneration stage that other adsorbents like activated carbon requires. Kinetic and isotherm analyses were conducted under variable experimental conditions including adsorbent dose, dye concentration, contact time, pH, and temperature. A maximum adsorption capacity of 8.264 mgg⁻¹ was obtained at optimized conditions of 2.5 gl⁻1, 100 mgl⁻¹<span> 30 min, 6, and 25 °C for adsorbent dose, adsorbate, contact time, pH and temperature. The nature of any probable interaction between adsorbent and crystal violet was analyzed by FTIR technique, to investigate the type of functional groups in saw dust responsible for dye binding process. The FTIR studies showed the existence of C-H, C=O, C-O, C=C, O-H, C-N, -COO- and Si-O functional groups. It was noted that the sorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second order kinetic model after the sorption was examined using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models. The magnitude of dye removal increased with increase of adsorbent dose and slightly decreased with increase in adsorbate concentration. Up to 45 °C temperature, there was no significant impact on sorption only 2–5% higher than the 25 °C and 35 °C treatments. The Langmuir isotherm model provided a good representation of the equilibrium data in aqueous solutions. The adsorption capability of crystal violet onto the sawdust of </span><em>Azadirachta indica</em> was found to be as high as 8.278 mgg⁻¹, at pH 6.0, temperature 25 °C, and at equilibrium time of 60 min after applying Langmuir isotherm equation. <em>Azadirachta indica</em> sawdust seems to be a very promising adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet from aqueous solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1049-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of KNO3 and priming duration for improving germination, seedling growth, and antioxidant enzymes of Keluss (Kelussia odoratissma Mozaff)","authors":"Khadijeh Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Heshmat Omidi ,&nbsp;Elias Soltani","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Germination is a vital factor affecting plant survival and seedling establishment direct planting in fields. Medicinal plant (<em>Kelussia odoratissma</em> Mozaff) with the name Keluss is an aromatic plant species with high industrial value in essential oil from the Apiaceae family. Due to seed dormancy and unprincipled harvesting of natural resources, this valuable native species of Iran has become extinct. There is little information about how and treatment to break the dormancy of the valuable medicinal plant Keluss. In this research, pre-germination priming with the osmotic solution was used to improve the germination percentage of Keluss. Seeds in a Petri dish with concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6%) of KNO₃ solution at a constant temperature of 2 °C for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h were placed in the growth chamber. Germination percentage was different based on the duration of priming and the concentration of priming. Based on the germination percentage 14 days after absorption, the most promising priming conditions were treatment with 0.4 and 0.3% KNO₃ for 72 h at a constant temperature of 2 °C and 0.2 to 0.4% KNO₃ for 48 h. Both concentrations of 0.3% and 0.4% in 24, 48 and 72 h showed a reasonable germination percentage of more than 85%. Improvement in growth and increase in antioxidant activity was observed in concentrations of 0.2 to 0.4 and 48 and 72 h. Priming with concentrations of 0.2 to 0.4% of KNO₃ for 48 and 72 h is a recommended method for better domestication and conservation that can practically increase germination and antioxidant enzymes at 2C in the Keluss. In conclusion, the seed priming with KNO3 due to improve germination performance of Keluss can enhance germination percentage and seedling growth characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1120-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentials of plant-derived sterol carrier protein inhibitors in insect management","authors":"Ashu Chaudhary,&nbsp;Kamal Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2022.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2022.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Cholesterol- a type of sterol has a crucial role in development and many physiological processes of insects. It acts as a precursor for insect moulting hormones, namely ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone. The hydrophilic environment inside the insect body restricts intracellular transfer of cholesterol. Therefore, its transport is facilitated by </span>sterol carrier proteins (SCP). Sterol carrier proteins belong to the SCP-2 gene family, with two main members, SCP-X and SCP-2. Blocking sterol carrier proteins results in decreased availability for cholesterol binding and transport within the insects; this may affect the </span>cholesterol metabolism<span> in insects. Sterol carrier proteins inhibitors (SCPIs) are the potential inhibitors of the biological activity of sterol carrier proteins in insects. There are several plant-derived SCPIs, viz. quercetin isolated from </span></span><span><em>Saxifraga</em><span><em> </em><em>stolonifera</em></span></span>, and α-mangostin and panthenol, extracted from <span><span><em>Garcinia mangostana</em><em>. </em></span><em>Calotropis</em><em> gigantean</em></span><span> also contains two SCPIs, namely terpene, and α-amyrin. The potential of synthetic and plant-derived SCPIs for blocking SCP-2 protein to prevent cholesterol binding has been documented in various insects such as </span><span><em>Aedes aegypti</em><span><span><span><em>, </em><em>Helicoverpa armigera</em><em>, </em></span><em>Manduca sexta</em><em>, </em></span><em>Spodoptera littoralis</em></span></span>, and <span><em>Spodoptera litura</em></span><span>. The SCPI binds with the SCP-2 by competitive inhibition, which results in mortality at the early stages of larvae and also impairs insect growth and development. Decreased cholesterol absorption in insects shows significant lethal and sub-lethal effects in insects. Therefore, these plant-derived SCPIs could potentially be used in integrated pest management.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 925-932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71725836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the potential impact of environmental factors on the distribution of Triplochiton scleroxylon (Malvaceae): An economically important tree species in Nigeria","authors":"Emmanuel C. Chukwuma ,&nbsp;Oyetola O. Oyebanji ,&nbsp;Deborah M. Chukwuma ,&nbsp;Abiodun E. Ayodele ,&nbsp;Bashir B. Tiamiyu ,&nbsp;Kehinde A. Bolarinwa ,&nbsp;Sherif B. Adeyemi ,&nbsp;Abdulquadri Sagaya","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Triplochiton scleroxylon</em> is a lowland rainforest tree species distributed in Central and West Africa, with economic and medicinal importance. Given that its population is threatened by overexploitation for timber, poor seed production, and habitat destruction, it becomes important to project its distribution along environmental gradients to bolster our understanding of its conservation. This study thus examines the combined effect of overexploitation and climate change on its distribution in Nigeria. We used MaxEnt algorithm and spatial analysis module of ArcGIS to model the current and future habitat suitability of <em>T. scleroxylon</em> in Nigeria. We utilized 95 unique occurrence points and eight environmental variables (Bio7, Bio8, Bio9, Bio13, Bio14 &amp; Bio18, elevation, and slope) to understand the response of the species to changing climates during the time periods 1970–2000, and to project species responses to temperature and precipitation in the years 2050 and 2070, using two Global Climate Models. Results indicated that the prediction of the suitable habitat for <em>T. scleroxylon</em> under the model was very reliable (AUC ≥ 0.9; TSS ≥ 0.6). Annual temperature range (Bio7) was the most influential bioclimatic variable for predicting habitat suitability and distribution for the species in Nigeria. Highly suitable habitat has an optimum temperature of 28.5 °C, precipitation ≤600 mm, an elevation of ≤400 m, and a slope of 90°; it is currently estimated at 23.3% of the total land cover, and predicted to reduce to &lt;15% by the year 2050. The methods of SDM have a great potential in understanding species richness, and also provide data for the support of conservation strategies at local scales. Hence, this study advocates for the conservation of the remaining habitats of <em>T. scleroxylon</em> through the implementation of strategic plans, especially in South-western Nigeria where there is a high potential for its regeneration owing to favourable environmental conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1101-1111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overgrazing effects on seasonal variations in availability of palatable grasses in the foraging grounds of blackbucks Antilope cervicapra","authors":"C. Vinay Kumar, V. Kumara, H.U. Abhijit, G.S. Naveen Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"475 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping and evaluating plant phenology in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A digital approach using the plant Phenological Index (PI)","authors":"Yan Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing Min Zhou ,&nbsp;Hua Kun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new plant Phenological Index (<strong><em>PI</em></strong>) has been developed based on the visibility of plants, communities, and ecosystems. An evaluation and assessment of Zhang's Phenological Index (<strong><em>PI</em></strong>) were further examined based on the field observations of Alpine Shrub and Alpine Meadow vegetation at Haibei Alpine Ecosystem Research Station in the Northwest Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.</p><p>Zhang's <strong><em>PI</em></strong> is a measure of the plant's phenological status on the time intervals, calculating the accumulation of <strong><em>PI</em></strong> area in two dimensions. Two phenological variables were described as the Phenological Average Ratio (<strong><em>PAR</em></strong>) and the Lasted Days (<strong><em>LD</em></strong>). The <strong><em>LD</em></strong> may overlap when a certain percentage of the plant population has a nutritional stage that lasts longer than one additional phenological stage or occurs between two phenological stages. Correspondingly, the standard deviations of the observed multiple plant species represent plant population variations. After reviewing the <strong><em>PI</em></strong> applications for phenology studies on Alpine Shrub and Alpine Meadow vegetation, we found that they provide a means of measuring and comparing plant phenology at various levels - population, community, and ecosystem.</p><p>During the start and end of the season in the Alpine Plateau region, plant phenological changes were significantly constrained by the environmental factors. However, during the summer season, Sunlight Hours (<em>X4</em>), Accumulated Ground Temperature (X3) and Accumulated Air Temperate (X1) above 0 <strong>°</strong>C had a more uniform impact on plant phenology across the region.</p><p>Zhang's <strong><em>PI</em></strong> can be used for climate change research by altering warming temperatures, water conditions, and nutrient levels. We also discussed the concern of applying Zhang's <strong><em>PI</em></strong> to global warming research. Moreover, the Seasonal Phenological Index (<strong><em>SPI</em></strong>) can be described on a regional scale and used with <strong><em>ASOS</em></strong>, <em>A</em><strong><em>EOS</em></strong>, <strong><em>SPAR</em></strong>, and <strong><em>SLD</em></strong> characters to evaluate the changes in the timing of seasonal events in Eqs. <span>(3)</span><span>(4)</span><span>(5)</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1112-1119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71725837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary preference of striped hyena in the anthropogenic landscape of Rajasthan, India","authors":"Debashish Panda ,&nbsp;Shantanu Sharma ,&nbsp;Subham Mohanty ,&nbsp;Alok Kumar ,&nbsp;Tanuj Suryan ,&nbsp;Malay Shukla ,&nbsp;Puneet Pandey ,&nbsp;Hang Lee ,&nbsp;Randeep Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the dietary patterns of large carnivores is a key feature of their niche and addresses their ecological role in ecosystems. The striped hyena (<em>Hyaena hyaena</em>) is a large carnivore distributed in many arid and semi-arid regions of the world and its diet is largely understudied in its range. We studied the dietary patterns of striped hyenas in the anthropogenic landscape, located in the semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India. We collected and analyzed a total number of 127 scat samples from November 2019 to February 2022. The relative biomass and frequency of occurrence of the large-sized prey species (&gt;30 kg) were higher in the striped hyena's diet. However, the species requires a wide range of smaller prey to enrich its diet and a total of twenty-one prey species have been recorded in the hyena diet. The diet diversity of the striped hyena computed by the Shannon-Weiner Index (<em>H</em>) was 3.28. The proportion of prey in the scats indicated that very large to large and medium-sized prey accounted for 95.7% of total dietary biomass and was mostly preferred by striped hyenas, which was probably consumed through scavenging. Livestock (cows, buffaloes, sheep, camels, and dogs) accounted for 56.54% of total dietary biomass. The higher amount of presence of livestock mammals in the scats suggests that striped hyenas may frequently visit human settlement areas, which could be influenced by high carcass availability. The presence of small prey such as mongoose, hares, foxes, and rats indicate that the striped hyenas might partially hunt the smaller animals or opportunistic feed. This study added to our understanding of the striped hyena's feeding ecology in areas where anthropogenic food is quite abundant compared to wild prey. Hence hyenas benefit from anthropogenic food scavenging, whereas humans benefit from the non-lethal nature of hyenas and waste removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1067-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphocultural and aggressiveness variability of Colletotrichum kahawae isolates from different altitudes of the Western highlight zone of Cameroon","authors":"Yoganie Ngouegni Yemo ,&nbsp;Noumbo Gaston R. Tsopmbeng ,&nbsp;Kamdoum Elie Keuete ,&nbsp;Samuel Fru Billa ,&nbsp;Victor François Nguetsop","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Coffee berry disease (CBD) caused by </span><em>Colletotrichum kahawae</em><span>, is the main disease that affects arabica coffee production in Africa. A study was carried out in the West Region of Cameroon from June to September 2019 and 2020. Isolates of </span><em>C. kahawae</em> were isolated from infected green coffee berry sampled at three different altitudes, which include high, medium and low altitudes. Accordingly, seven representative <em>C. kahawae</em> isolates were isolated and identified from infected green coffee berry sampled from three altitudes. <em>Colletotrichum kahawae</em><span><span> isolates were characterized for colony colour, mycelia radial growth rate and appearance in case of cultural character, while </span>conidia<span> shape, size and sporulation rate in case of morphological characteristic. To characterize the aggressiveness of </span></span><em>C. kahawae</em> isolates, the disease severity and the days of first symptoms appearance were assessed on inoculated green coffee berry. There were significant variation among isolates related their Morphocultural and aggressiveness features. All <em>C. kahawae</em> isolates had cottony mycelia appearance, with four types of colony colours identified as grey, whitish, greyish and pinkish. Mycelia radial growth rate of isolates varied significantly in range from 4.32 to 7.11 mm/day. Isolates from high and medium altitude were dominated by cylindrical conidia shapes with round at both ends, followed by cylindrical acute at one and round at the other ends. While, fusiform and reniform conidia shapes were produced by isolate from low altitude. Conidia size and sporulation rate of <em>C. kahawae</em> isolates also differs significantly and increased with altitude. Conidia size ranged from 3.82 to 13.46 μm in length and from 1.13 to 1.69 μm in width, while sporulation rate varied from 169.06 × 10⁴ to 438.36 × 10⁴ conidia/ml. These parameters were strongly and positively correlated with the aggressiveness test that revealed significant variation among isolates according to their altitude origin. Isolates from high altitude were more aggressive, followed by isolates from medium altitude; whereas isolates from low altitude were less aggressive. In all, this study highlights some variations in morphocultural and aggressiveness characteristics of <em>C. kahawae</em> isolates with respect to altitude.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1058-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a herbicide (floramix) on the development of main weeds and on the yield parameters of wheat, Triticum durum desf. cv vitron","authors":"Mourad Bourouhou ,&nbsp;Baha-eddine Badouna","doi":"10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2023.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The national production of cereals confronted with weeds causes losses estimated at 30% to 50% of yield at the national level. At the same time, a good choice of herbicide and the identification of the best dose is essential to eliminate weeds and have a good yield of durum wheat.</p><p>This work concerns the identification of the best dose of Floramix used in the cultivation of durum wheat as well as the identification of the biological families of weeds competing with durum wheat in order to control them effectively. The test was conducted in the open field following a completely random device, three doses of herbicide were chosen, Dose1 (16 mg/ M2 (square meter)), Dose2 (32 mg/ M2 (square meter)), Dose 3 (64 mg/ M2 (square meter)) and control (Without Treatment).</p><p><span>The identification of the best dose makes it possible to avoid the unnecessary use of higher doses since the latter are very polluting, and the census of weeds makes it possible to move towards the more specialized use of herbicides to better control them the census of the most dominant botanical families is that of the dicots<span>, the primulaceae followed by the </span></span>fabaceae, on the other hand the poaceae (monocotyledons) come in 3rd position. The dicots appeared at the same time as the beginning of the culture, on the other hand the monocots appeared late.</p><p>The study conducted on the action of the herbicide Floramix on durum wheat (<strong><span><em>Triticum</em><em> durum desf. cv vitron</em></span></strong>). Allowed us to conclude that the high dose (64 mg/m2) has a negative impact on the yield parameters despite the elimination of all the weeds, with a low yield close to the Control Block with 24.56 Quintals / Hectar). While the recommended dose (32 mg/m2) records the best yield of 45.45 Quintals/Hectar, dose 1 comes second at (28.69 Quintals/Hectar), the use of an against dicots herbicide is recommended in order to eliminate the most competitive weeds.</p></div><div><h3>抽象的</h3><p>受杂草影响的全国谷物生产造成的损失估计占全国产量的 30% 至 50%。.</p><p>同时，选择好除草剂并确定最佳剂量对于除草和硬粒小麦的高产至关重要。这项工作涉及确定在硬粒小麦种植中使用的花卉组合 的最佳剂量，以及确定与硬粒小麦竞争的杂草生物学科以有效控制它们。试验采用完全随机装置，在开阔场地进行，选择三种剂量的除草剂，剂量1(16毫克/平方米平方米)、剂量2(32毫克/平方米(平方米))、剂量3(64毫克/平方米(平方米))和控制(未经处理)。确定最佳剂量可以避免不必要地使用更高剂量，因为后者污染严重，而杂草普查可以更专业地使用除草剂以更好地控制它们。占优势的植物科是双子叶植物，报春花科其次是豆科植物，另一方面，禾本科(单子叶植物)排在第三位。双子叶植物在培养开始的同时出现，而单子叶植物出现较晚。.</p><p>该研究是关于除草剂 弗洛拉米克斯 对硬粒小麦(硬粒小麦)的作用。 让我们得出结论，.</p><p>尽管消除了所有杂草，但高剂量 (64毫克/平方米) 对产量参数有负面影响，低产量接近 控制块 (24.56 公担 / 公顷)。 虽然推荐剂量 (32毫克/平方米) 记录的最佳产量为 45.45 公担/公顷，但剂量 1 位居第二(28.69 公担/公顷)，建议使用反双子叶除草剂以消除最具竞争力的杂草。.</p><p><strong>关键字:</strong>弗洛拉米克斯;剂量; 硬质小麦; 杂草； 屈服</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7048,"journal":{"name":"生态学报","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1001-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71726212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}