Acta Biotechnologica最新文献

{"title":"Abbau industrieller Schadstoffe. Köln: Verlag TÜV Rheinland GmbH (Loseblatt‐Ausgabe im Ordner); DM 198,–. ISBN 3‐8249‐0124‐2","authors":"H. Schmauder","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"24 1","pages":"42-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73163373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitätsmanagement im Gesundheitswesen. Köln: Verlag TÜV Rheinland, 1996 Ringhefter mit 1. Ergänzungslieferung; DM 148,00. ISBN 3-8249-0253-2","authors":"H. Schmauder","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"279 1","pages":"245-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86267226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on polyphosphate and poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate accumulation in Acinetobacter johnsonii 120 and some other bacteria from activated sludge in batch and continuous culture","authors":"D. Weltin, D. Hoffmeister, W. Dott, P. Kämpfer","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160202","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve bacterial isolates, four of them assigned to the genus Acinetobacter, were taken from sewage of a treatment plant with Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) and screened for phosphorus uptake, polyphosphate (polyP) accumulation and adsorption under limited carbon and nitrogen conditions. In addition, poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production was studied under carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen limitation. Under C limitation, the uptake of phosphorus was highest, ranging up to 66 mg P per g dry weight (dw) for the Acinetobacter isolates, whereas the highest amount of polyP was detected under limited N conditions (up to 25 mg PolyP / g dw). Extra-cellular polyP was detected, however to a minor extent, accounting for a maximum of 10% of the total polyP in one Acinetobacter isolate. The highest PHA concentration (given as 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3 HB) with 211 mg 3 HB / g dry weight (21% of the dried cell mass) was found for A. johnsonii 120 under nitrogen limitation, but also under P and O2 limitation, PHA, mainly poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and poly-β-hydroxyvalerate, were produced. Three isolates, assigned to the genus Pseudomonas, showed even higher values (345–427 mg 3 HB / g dw) under N limitation. Studies with Acinetobacter johnsonii 120 in continuous culture, simulating the aerobic/anaerobic periods of a waste-water treatment plant, resulted in a P elimination of 36% at an anaerobic contact time of 0.6 h. This value increased to 51% at an anaerobic contact time of 3.1 h. No release of phosphate and no uptake of acetate could be detected during the anaerobic period. In addition, Acinetobacter johnsonii 120 was not able to synthesize PHA under anaerobic conditions. By changing the anaerobic conditions to aerobic, a continuous decrease of the polyP content relative to the totalP content from 45% (day 1 of the aerobic process) to 19% (day 17 of the aerobic process) was observed. The amount of PHA increased to 50.4 mg 3 HB/g dw under aerobic conditions. The results indicate again that the EPBR process cannot be defined by simply applying the knowledge of the metabolic processes, observed or assumed in Acinetobacter pure cultures, to the complexity of the process in sewage treatment plants.","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"24 1","pages":"91-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82195002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of bioproducts. EFB study report of the working party on down-stream processing. London: Society of Chemical Industry, 130 pages £ 25.00 (softcover). ISBN 0-901001-79-1","authors":"K. Soyez","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"6 1","pages":"236-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73554641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal sorption by microalgae","authors":"E. Sandau, P. Sandau, O. Pulz","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160402","url":null,"abstract":"Viable microalgae are known to be able to accumulate heavy metals (bioaccumulation). Against a background of the increasing environmental risks caused by heavy metals, the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis and their potential for the biological removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions were taken as an example for investigation. Small-scale cultivation tests (50 1) with Cd-resistant cells of Chlorella vulgaris have shown that approx. 40% of the added 10 mg Cd/l was removed from the solution within seven days. At this heavy metal concentration sensitive cells died. Non-viable microalgae are able to eliminate heavy metal ions in a short time by biosorption in uncomplicated systems, without any toxicity problems. Compared with original biomasses, the sorption capacity of microalgal by-products changes only insignificantly. Their low price makes them economical.","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"1 1","pages":"227-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77395383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Describing microbial degradation processes with the EVOLON model","authors":"T. Bley, K. Albrecht, D. Miethe, V. Riis, W. Babel","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160404","url":null,"abstract":"The remediation of polluted soils by microbial communities is a complex process, characterized by many competitive and cooperative mutual relations between the individual organisms. For the overall characteristic of such processes, top-down systems analyses promise a better description for prognostic aims than bottom-up approaches. This is demonstrated using the EVOLON model to fit the cumulative O2 consumption data of a microbial ecosystem metabolizing diesel fuel in polluted soil. The EVOLON is a generic top-down model providing close approximation to the experimental data. The advantage of using this model instead of other similar models is demonstrated by a comparison of the deviations between model values and experimental data (residuals).","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"11 6 1","pages":"237-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85254072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of environmental bioprocess. Modelling and simulation. Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1995, 492 pages, 271 figures, 30 tables, programme diskette; DM 258,–. ISBN 3‐527‐28705‐1","authors":"T. Bley","doi":"10.1002/abio.370160103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/abio.370160103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"35 1","pages":"18-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88793851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic study of the anaerobic degradation of toluene by a mixed culture","authors":"B. K. Chaduhri, B. K. Chaduhri, U. Wiesmann","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160105","url":null,"abstract":"Toluene was anaerobically degraded by an enriched mixed culture under methanogenic conditions. The mixed culture was originally developed from cow-dung and sludge from a laboratory reactor, in which benzene was anaerobically degraded by sulphate-reducing bacteria. First the mixed culture was enriched on toluene over a year with and without the use of sulphate in the medium. For the evaluation of growth-kinetic and maintenance parameters, namely μ max , K S , k d and Y o X/S , the anaerobic degradation of toluene was carried out in batch as well as in continuous reactor systems. The gas volume and the methane content in the produced gas was somewhat lower than the theoretical value expected, indicating an incomplete degradation of some of the complex intermediates of the toluene degradation pathway. However, the mixed culture was able to transform 41.3% of the toluene carbon into methane.","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"70 1","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89143360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary biotechnology-theory, facts and perspectives","authors":"P. Schuster","doi":"10.1002/ABIO.370160102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ABIO.370160102","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular evolution has recently been applied in biotechnology which consist of the development of evolutionary strategies in the design of biopolymers with predefined properties and functions. At the heart of this new technology are the in vitro replication and random synthesis of RNA or DNA molecules, producing large libraries of genotypes that are subjected to selection techniques following DARWIN's principle. By means of these evolutionary methods, RNA molecules were derived which specifically bind to predefined target molecules. Ribozymes with new catalytic functions were obtained as well as RNA molecules that are resistant to cleavage by specific RNases. In addition, the catalytic specificities of group I introns, a special class of ribozymes, were modified by variation and selection. Efficient applications of molecular evolution to problems in biotechnology require a fundamental and detailed understanding of the evolutionary process. Two basic questions are of primary importance: (i) How can evolutionary methods be successful as the numbers of possible genotypes are so large that the chance of obtaining a particular sequence by random processes is practically zero, and (ii) how can populations avoid being caught in evolutionary traps corresponding to local fitness optima? This review is therefore concerned with an abridged account of the theory of molecular evolution, as well as its application to biotechnology. We add a brief discussion of new techniques for the massively parallel handling and screening of very small probes as is required for the spatial separation and selection of genotypes. Finally, some imminent prospects concerning the evolutionary design of biopolymers are presented.","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"19 1","pages":"3-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87363926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetik. München, Wien: Carl Hauser Verlag, 1988. 843 pp., DM 70,–, ISBN 3‐446‐14663‐6","authors":"E. Spanier","doi":"10.1002/abio.370110110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/abio.370110110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7037,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biotechnologica","volume":"19 1","pages":"37-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81671542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}