Acta Diabetologica最新文献

{"title":"Dysregulation and therapeutic prospects of regulatory T cells in type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Azharuddin Sajid Syed Khaja, Naif K Binsaleh, Husam Qanash, Hamad Alshetaiwi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Mohamed Ginawi, Mohd Saleem","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02478-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02478-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that selectively destroys β-cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Several studies have implicated and elaborated the significant role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the pathogenesis of T1D. Tregs are a specialized subset of T cells and are critical regulators of peripheral self-tolerance. However, if the number, function, or stability of these cells is altered, it can lead to autoimmunity. This review summarizes the current knowledge and understanding about Treg function in both health and T1D, Tregs dysregulation, and various factors, including microRNAs, that affect their dysregulation in T1D. The review also focuses on the advantages and challenges of Treg-based therapies for T1D.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized ensemble model for accurate prediction of cardiac vascular calcification in diabetic patients.","authors":"M Suresh, M Maragatharajan","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02485-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02485-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major threat to diabetic patients, with cardiac vascular calcification (CVC) as a key predictive factor. This study seeks to improve the prediction of these calcifications using advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms. However, current ML and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods face challenges such as limited sample sizes, insufficient data, high time complexity, long processing times, and significant implementation costs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To predict CVC in diabetic patients, the Simple linear iterative clustering based Ensemble Artificial Neural Network (SLIC-EANN) model is proposed in this paper. In this research article, certain biochemical, imaging, and clinical data are used that are captured from Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) dataset. The proposed model employs preprocessing techniques such as image normalization, image resizing, and image augmentation to clean and simplify the input images. Then Localization of the cardiac vascular calcification is done using the simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) algorithm. The ensemble artificial neural network (EANN) classifies calcification severity by integrating outputs from three machine learning techniques Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Decision Tree (DT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This method achieves an accuracy of 98.7% and an error rate of 1.3%, outperforming existing techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comprehensive analysis is conducted in this research article that concludes that the proposed model achieved better prediction performances of calcification in diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Different formulations of semaglutide and oxidative stress in subjects with type 2 diabetes and MASLD: an open-label, real-life study.","authors":"Giovanni Petralli, Alice Del Zoppo, Chiara Rovera, Francesco Raggi, Antonio Salvati, Diego Moriconi, Mariarosaria Distaso, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Anna Solini","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02482-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02482-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress hyperglycemia ratio and 30-day mortality among critically ill patients with acute heart failure: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.","authors":"Xiaodong You, Hengzhi Zhang, Tianshi Li, Yi Zhu, Zhongman Zhang, Xufeng Chen, Peipei Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02486-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02486-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and short-term prognosis of acute heart failure (AHF), particularly among those admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between the SHR and adverse outcomes among critically ill patients with AHF and provide a reference for glycemic management range in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted the clinical data of patients from the MIMIC-IV (v3.0) database. The association between the SHR and short-term prognosis was analyzed using the Kaplan‒Meier survival curve, Cox regression, and subgroup analysis. Important features were identified utilizing machine learning methods. Furthermore, the association between the dynamic SHR level and mortality was explored using restricted cubic splines and Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 994 patients were included. Patients with the highest SHR (Quartile 4) had a higher risk of 30-day mortality (HR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.32-3.45; P = 0.002) and in-hospital mortality (HR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.27-3.88; P = 0.005) than those in Quartile 2 (as reference). The results of machine learning methods revealed the SHR was an important predictor for 30-day mortality of patients with critical AHF. Restricted cubic splines indicated a J-shaped association between the dynamic SHR level and mortality, and the cut-off values were 0.84 and 1.07.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SHR was significantly associated with 30-day mortality and in-hospital mortality among patients with critical AHF. The SHR may be a useful indicator for the glycemic management of patients with AHF in the ICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal adverse outcomes in twin pregnancies with preeclampsia complicated by distinct gestational diabetes subtypes.","authors":"Wei-Zhen Tang, Zhe-Ming Kang, Yi-Fan Zhao, Qin-Yu Cai, Beng-Ning Deng, Zhi-Jian Zhou, Wen-Xin Deng, Wei-Ze Xu, Tai-Hang Liu, Lan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02444-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02444-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicated with preeclampsia (PE) on perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies, particularly across different GDM subtypes, remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This case-control study included 1,263 twin pregnancies with GDM and categorized participants as follows: (i) GDM without PE and GDM with PE groups, and (ii) GDM subgroups based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values at different time points, including GDM-IFH, GDM-IPH, and GDM-CH. Initially, the study investigated risk factors for PE occurrence in women with GDM. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the impact of GDM with PE on perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies compared to GDM without PE. Stratified analyses and interaction effects were also examined to assess the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in GDM twin pregnancies with various maternal characteristics combined with PE. Additionally, the study assessed the influence of aspirin on the GDM with PE group. Based on OGTT values, the study further investigated their impact on perinatal outcomes in the GDM with PE group and examined the influence of different GDM subtypes on perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies with GDM and PE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Baseline characteristics of twin pregnancies with GDM indicated that pre-pregnancy BMI (PBMI) (p &lt; 0.001), weight gain during pregnancy (p &lt; 0.001), nulliparity (p = 0.029), and the use of IVF (p = 0.023) may be risk factors for the occurrence of PE in GDM. Additionally, GDM with PE increased the risk of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) (OR 2.00), hypoproteinemia during pregnancy (OR 4.18), anemia during pregnancy (OR 2.34), and MICU admission (OR 5.43) compared to GDM without PE. Regarding neonatal outcomes, the GDM with PE group had significantly higher risks of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (OR 1.97), preterm labor (OR 1.58), and NICU admission (OR 2.32). In the GDM with PE group, aspirin significantly reduced the risk of preterm labor. Further research indicated that glucose values significantly affected the occurrence of ICP, hypoproteinemia during pregnancy, and anemia during pregnancy in the GDM with PE group. Subgroup analysis based on OGTT glucose values classified GDM subtypes showed that different GDM subtypes are closely related to the risk of hypoproteinemia during pregnancy, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and preterm labor in both GDM without PE group and GDM with PE groups. Particularly in GDM-IPH and GDM-CH subtypes, PE combined with GDM significantly increased the risks associated with ICP, hypoproteinemia during pregnancy, and MICU admission. Moreover, GDM-IPH combined with PE significantly increased the risks of anemia during pregnancy, NICU admission, and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, while GDM-CH combined with PE also significantly increased the risk of preterm birth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: ","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the link between insulin resistance and cognition: a cross-sectional study conducted in an urban, South Indian cohort.","authors":"Anjana J Menon, Monisha Selva, G Sandhya, Sadhana Singh, M L Abhishek, Albert Stezin, Jonas S Sundarakumar, Latha Diwakar, Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02483-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02483-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research suggests that metabolic dysregulation caused by insulin resistance (IR) can have a negative impact on cognition. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the role of IR as an independent metabolic risk for decreased cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 1072 non-demented participants aged 45 years and above were recruited from Tata Longitudinal Study of Aging (TLSA). Fasting insulin and blood glucose levels were collected during the baseline visit. HOMA-IR formula was used to calculate IR. Cognition was assessed using the COGNITO neuropsychological test battery. Generalized Linear Regression Model (GLM) was performed to find the relationship between IR category and COGNITO battery. The brain imaging was conducted using a 3 Tesla MRI system. The cortical volumes were acquired using Freesurfer software (v7.2.0) (Salgado et al. Arq Gastroenterol 47(2):165-169, 2010). Further, GLM analysis was performed for MRI variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated general prevalence of IR in our study is 56.3%. Model 1 suggested that IR is associated with reduced auditory attention (p = 0.014), and word comprehension (p = 0.043) tasks. Model 2 and 4 showed that there is an association with IR and poorerauditory attention (p = 0.015; p = 0.012) task. However, there was no significant association found in model 3. GLM analysis for MRI indicated that IR is associated with reduced brain volumes in left hemisphere like amygdala (p = 0.0012), inferior temporal lobe (p = 0.002), lateral orbitofrontal cortex (p = 0.005), superior temporal insula (p = 0.017), middle temporal lobe (p = 0.002), entorhinal (p = 0.049), and right hemisphere brain volumes like precuneus (p = 0.025), and insula (p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study findings conclude IR is significantly associated with poorer cognitive performance related to auditory attention. Furthermore, the study also revealed that IR is associated with decreased brain volumes in specific regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interactions between melatonin and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in vascular attenuation in diabetic and non-diabetic conditions.","authors":"Nazar M Shareef Mahmood, Almas M R Mahmud, Ismail M Maulood","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02479-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02479-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hormone melatonin (MEL), primarily acknowledged for its role in regulating circadian rhythms, has demonstrated itself to be a complicated molecule with significant implications for vascular physiology. Melatonin exerts extensive physiological effects directly via the MEL receptor type 1 (MT₁R) and the MEL receptor type 2 (MT₂R), as well as indirectly through the improvement of antioxidant vascular tone.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to analyse the intricate relationships between MEL and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the vascular attenuation of non-diabetic (non-DM) and diabetic (DM) contexts. Alterations in the expression of RAS components and their dysregulation are prevalent in diabetes. Melatonin exhibits vasoprotective advantages in non-diabetic conditions. In the context of DM, vascular problrms such as vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED), hypertension, and atherosclerosis result from the dysregulation of MEL-RAS interactions. Comprehending the actions of MEL on RAS components in diabetes vasculature is essential for formulating tailored pharmaceutical therapy methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review consolidates existing knowledge regarding the vascular effects of MEL in relation to RAS activation, emphasising its potential role as a modulating factor for angiotensin 1-8 (Ang 1-8), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE₂), and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) in the management of vascular complications associated with DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic analyses of multiple biologic matrices reveal metabolic heterogeneity in diabetic complications.","authors":"Yao Huang, Wuping Liu, Ge Song, Sheng Wu, Xuejun Li, Guiping Shen, Jianghua Feng","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02481-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02481-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) arises from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Patients with T2DM are susceptible to hyperglycemia-related complications that can impair organ function, underscoring the need to explore the metabolic profiles of affected organs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a comprehensive metabolomic analysis was conducted on the serum, kidney, and heart tissues from a rat model of diabetic complications (DC). Pattern recognition and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to identify the potential biomarkers of DC, and metabolic network analysis served to understand the specific metabolic pathways associated with DC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen significantly altered metabolites were identified in serum, 20 in the kidney, and 14 in the heart. The corresponding metabolic pathways included mineral absorption, mTOR signaling pathway, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, ABC transporters, glucagon signaling pathway, protein degradation and uptake, galactose metabolism, purine metabolism, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism, and glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Differential metabolite network analysis revealed instinct metabolic patterns among the serum, kidney, and heart. Notably, the serum's metabolic correlation patterns were found to be somewhat similar to those observed in the kidney, whereas the heart exhibited less pronounced metabolite correlations compared to the other two biological matrices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide insights into the mechanism underlying the development of diabetic complications. The integration of metabolomics and biological network analyses into diabetes research can potentially revolutionize the field by revealing novel biomarkers for early detection and personalized treatment of diabetes and its associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased PLK2 promotes atrial fibrillation in diabetic mice through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.","authors":"Huan-Huan Liu, Fan Yang, Lei Zhang, Xiao-Lu Zhang, Ning Zhao, Zhen-Ye Zhang, Jia-Bin Zhou, Tian-Peng Wei, Ling-Ling Qian, Li-Gang Ding, Ru-Xing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02480-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-025-02480-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the exact mechanisms involved have not yet been fully elucidated. Dysregulation of cardiac potassium channels can trigger AF. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of abnormal expression of atrial potassium channel proteins Kv1.5, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 in type 2 diabetic mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The db/db mice and their control littermates were set as the T2DM group and the control (Con) group. Acetylcholine-calcium chloride was injected via the tail veins to induce AF. HL-1 cells were cultured with normal or high-glucose medium and treated with or without Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF) or hemin in vitro. The expression and cellular localization of proteins were evaluated by western blotting and immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that high glucose impaired the expression of Kv1.5, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 proteins both in vivo and in vitro, in parallel with a significant down-regulation of polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p-Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins. Moreover, immunofluorescence revealed that both high glucose and PLK2 knockdown could result in reduced Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 expression and subsequent nuclear translocation. While overexpression of PLK2, treatment with DMF, an agonist of Nrf2, or hemin, an inducer of HO-1, could restore the reduction of Kv1.5, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 proteins caused by high glucose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diabetes reduces the expression of Kv1.5, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 proteins in atrial cells through inhibition of PLK2/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, thereby leading to the increased susceptibility to AF in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term results of EUS-guided RFA of insulinoma: a case series.","authors":"Nevena Chakarova, Petko Karagyozov, Inna Yankova, Roumyana Dimova, Tsvetalina Tankova","doi":"10.1007/s00592-025-02460-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00592-025-02460-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}