Acta agriculturae Slovenica最新文献_第10页

Vloga malih RNK pri odzivu rastlin na okužbo s patogenimi organizmi

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2831

Urban Kunej, Ester Stajič

{"title":"Vloga malih RNK pri odzivu rastlin na okužbo s patogenimi organizmi","authors":"Urban Kunej, Ester Stajič","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2831","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have evolved diverse and complex mechanisms to regulate gene expression. Recently, a new mechanism called RNA interference (RNAi) has been discovered. At the core of RNAi are small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), 21-24 nucleotides in length, that prevent the translation of transcripts into proteins by binding to complementary sites in transcripts. Because sRNAs are determined by origin, precursor structural properties, and sequence characteristics, they are classified into several classes like microRNAs (miRNAs) and secondary small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which include tasiRNAs and phasiRNAs. They play important roles in regulating gene expression in a wide range of biological processes and in plant responses to biotic or abiotic stresses. Despite the numerous conserved sRNAs among plant species and the characterization of their function, there is still no comprehensive understanding of their role in plant defense responses against phytopathogens. This review summarizes the current understanding of Verticillium wilt pathogenesis, plant defense mechanisms against phytopathogens, and the biogenesis and roles of miRNAs, tasiRNAs, and phasiRNAs in plant defense responses against fungal pathogens. Further studies on plant sRNAs and their expression in response to various phytopathogens are needed to clearly define their roles. New sequencing approaches, bioinformatic analysis, and prediction of the role of miRNA targets during infection may allow us to develop new forms of plant protection in non-model organisms.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76481642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

of olive (Olea europaea ‘Chemlal’) zygotic embryos 橄榄(Olea europaea ' Chemlal ')的合子胚胎

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2581

Khayreddine Titouh, Khadidja HADJ-MOUSSA, Nazim Boufis, L. Khelifi

{"title":"of olive (Olea europaea ‘Chemlal’) zygotic embryos","authors":"Khayreddine Titouh, Khadidja HADJ-MOUSSA, Nazim Boufis, L. Khelifi","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2581","url":null,"abstract":"Olive improvement by biotechnological tools such as genetic transformation requires an efficient in vitro regeneration system. Somatic embryogenesis seems the most suitable process. Our work describes for the first time the regeneration of whole plants in the main olive cultivar in Algeria ‘Chemlal’ via somatic embryogenesis induced from radicles of mature zygotic embryos. The obtained results showed that the establishment of a competent embryogenic culture is highly influenced by the chemical composition of the calli induction and maintenance media as well as addition of growth regulators. More than 10 and 13 % of nodular calli were obtained after callogenesis respectively on MS and OMc solid media containing IBA and zeatin followed by transfer to the same media without zeatin and a reduced concentration of auxin, while embryogenesis rates of 3.3 and 6.7 % were obtained respectively with IAA on MS medium and NAA on both tested media. However, no embryogenesis was observed with 2, 4-D or control which induced less callogenesis. Subsequently, an ECO medium with IBA, zeatin and BA particularly in liquid culture, allows better calli proliferation and embryogenic expression compared to OM and MS media. Finally, matured somatic embryos germinate quickly on a solid OM basal medium and generate normal well-developed plantlets easily acclimatized to natural conditions.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"496 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74357864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity in - chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) based on microsatellite markers: An evaluation of Bangladeshi germplasm 基于微卫星标记的辣椒遗传多样性:孟加拉国种质资源的评价

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2511

Md. Rezwan Molla, Iftekhar U. Ahmed, M. Rohman, Mohammad Amdadul Haque, S. Hossain, L. Hassan

{"title":"Genetic diversity in - chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) based on microsatellite markers: An evaluation of Bangladeshi germplasm","authors":"Md. Rezwan Molla, Iftekhar U. Ahmed, M. Rohman, Mohammad Amdadul Haque, S. Hossain, L. Hassan","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2511","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic diversity analysis is a pre-requisite to develop improve variety of any crop. Hence, 39 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of local chilli cultivars. PCR-amplified microsatellite loci were shown to be polymorphic in all investigated cultivars. The locus, CAMS-647 produced the highest number of alleles (8) ranging in size from 188 to 279 bp. PIC values for 39 primers ranged from 0.099 for the locus Hpms 1-165 to 0.806 for the locus CAMS-679. All of the SSRs examined were informative in characterizing the genotypic variance of the samples while 12 were more informative with higher PIC values (> 0.6). There was a wide range of genetic diversity varied from 0.117 (HpmsE075) to 0.806 (CAMS-647), whereas the highest (1.713) and the lowest (0.205) value of Shannon’s Information Index was registered in the locus CAMS-679 and Hpms 1-165, respectively. There was a higher degree of genetic differentiation (0.927) and a lower amount of gene flow (0.010). Nei’s genetic distance (GD) varied from 0.100 to 0.990. Among 96 cultivars, 55 had distinct status in the dendrogram with higher GD values (> 0.6), while 41 cultivars showed a close relationship and yielded lower GD values.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78997937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of foliar application of glucose and fructose to reduce codling moth (Cydia pomonella [L., 1758]) damages on apple orchard 叶面施用葡萄糖和果糖对减少湿蛾(Cydia pomonella)的影响[j]。[1758])对苹果园的损害

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2515

Abd-el-Kader Tiffrent, N. Lombarkia

引用次数: 1

Antioxidant response of Impatiens walleriana L. to drought 凤仙花对干旱的抗氧化反应

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2438

Anamarija Matijević, Ajla Šakonjić, S. Murtić

{"title":"Antioxidant response of Impatiens walleriana L. to drought","authors":"Anamarija Matijević, Ajla Šakonjić, S. Murtić","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2438","url":null,"abstract":"Stress caused by drought induces plant morphology, biochemistry, and physiology changes, leading to considerable reductions in plant growth and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant defence system of impatiens seedlings (Impatiens walleriana L.) under drought. The antioxidant response of impatiens to drought was evaluated using following parameters: the activity of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, pyrogallol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, total phenolic and flavonoids contents and total antioxidant capacity. The experiment was conducted during 2020 in a greenhouse under controlled conditions. Half of the impatiens seedlings (20 plants), after the acclimation period in the greenhouse, were exposed to drought for a period of five days, while the second half was not (20 plants were regularly watered). The results of the study showed that the exposure of impatiens seedlings to drought increased the activity of enzymatic components, total phenolics and flavonoids contents and total antioxidant capacity of leaves. Greater exposure of impatiens to drought (in the observed period) implied a higher plant enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence system activity. These results confirm that impatiens has evolved both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence mechanisms to adapt and survive the short-term drought exposure.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87854883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field performance of cryopreserved seed-derived tomato plants and post-thaw survival of viral-infected meristems 番茄种子源植物低温保存的田间表现及病毒感染分生组织的解冻后存活

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.1823

Nadiia Shevchenko, T. Miroshnichenko, A. Mozgovska, Nataliia Bashtan, G. Kovalenko, T. Ivchenko

{"title":"Field performance of cryopreserved seed-derived tomato plants and post-thaw survival of viral-infected meristems","authors":"Nadiia Shevchenko, T. Miroshnichenko, A. Mozgovska, Nataliia Bashtan, G. Kovalenko, T. Ivchenko","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.1823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.1823","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of different cryopreservation techniques of tomato meristems isolated from viral-infected plants ‘Irishka’ cultivar was determined. The pieces of stem were protected with dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene glycol and cooled in vapour phase of liquid nitrogen (–170 °C). For the vitrification and droplet-vitrification protocols, the meristems were treated with loading solution and dehydrated with different plant vitrification solutions (PVS1 modified, PVS2, 88 % PVS3, PVSN). The samples were placed to sterilized aluminum foil pieces, in 1.2 ml cryovials or in 50 µl aluminum pans for differential scanning calorimetry and were directly immersed into liquid nitrogen. Acсording to the dehydration technique, the meristems were dehydrated with sterile airflow for 120 min. The post-thaw survival rates of meristems (from 34.2 to 78.5 %) were observerved only for 50 µl aluminum pans and airflow dehydration. We determined the productivity of plants, obtaned from cryopreserved seeds (‘Seven’, ‘Potiron Ecarlate’ and ‘Druzhba’ cultivars). We observed increasing in total and marketable yields for the plants grown from the cryopreserved seeds for all the cultivars. Total number of diseased plants decreased by 33 % for ‘Seven’, for ‘Potiron Ecarlate’ it did by 6.7 %, for that of ‘Druzhba’ the total percentage of sick and healthy plants did not differ after seeds cryopreservation.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80309947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combining ability for morphological and nutritional traits in a diallel cross of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) 番茄形态与营养性状双列杂交配合力研究

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2234

Olajoju Lola Oladokun, D. O. Ibirinde, A. Kolawole, C. Aremu

{"title":"Combining ability for morphological and nutritional traits in a diallel cross of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)","authors":"Olajoju Lola Oladokun, D. O. Ibirinde, A. Kolawole, C. Aremu","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2234","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown in Nigeria, either for fresh market or industrial purposes, necessitating the development of a robust tomato breeding programme aimed at maximizing genetic improvement on economically important traits. In this study, the combining ability, nature of gene action, heterosis, and heritability for morphological, nutritional, and physicochemical parameters of tomato were examined in five tomato parents and ten F1 offsprings, generated with a 5 × 5 half diallel mating design in the greenhouse in 2017. The field evaluation was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria during the cropping season of 2018 using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance for combing ability revealed that both additive and nonadditive gene actions contributed to the fundamental genetic mechanism underlying the inheritance of the measured traits. The top two general combiner parents were UC-OP and Ib-local. Furthermore, the best tomato hybrid specific combiners were FDT4 × UC-OP, FDT2 × Ib-local and UC-OP × Ib-local which involved one parent having a high general combining ability effect for fruit yield and the other having other desirable traits. These hybrids may be further utilized in tomato breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82397951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mulch tillage – principle of preservation of chernozem of the northern steppe of Ukraine 覆盖物耕作——乌克兰北部草原黑钙土的保存原则

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.1957

Olexander Tsyliuryk, M. Kotchenko, V. Horshchar, Mykhailo Yurievich Rumbakh, O. Izhboldin, O. Izhboldina

{"title":"Mulch tillage – principle of preservation of chernozem of the northern steppe of Ukraine","authors":"Olexander Tsyliuryk, M. Kotchenko, V. Horshchar, Mykhailo Yurievich Rumbakh, O. Izhboldin, O. Izhboldina","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.1957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.1957","url":null,"abstract":"Reclamation and intensive utilization of chernozems of the steppe zone of Ukraine over a long period led to loss of a significant amount of organic matter, agrophysical degradation, and dramatic decrease of soil fertility. Organic products of plant origin – byproducts of field crops (straw, frondiferous residues of arable crops) – play an important role in the renewal of fertility, protection of soils from erosion and accumulation of efficient moisture in the soil. The article presents the results of studying of the agroeconomic efficiency of board, differentiated and shallow (mulching) tillage systems when growing field crops under the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine. There is substantiated the expediency of use of a shallow (mulching) tillage system, which, in terms of crop rotation efficiency against a fertilized background, is highly competitive with board and differentiated systems, as well as has a positive effect on the structural state of the arable layer (the content of agronomically valuable aggregates is 76 %), provides additional (71-85 m3 ha-1) accumulation of efficient moisture in the autumn-winter period. The most of conditional stubble on the surface remains, of course, in the early fallow (without tillage in autumn) – 630 pcs m-2. A significant amount of it was also after disk processing – 333 pcs m-2. Early fallow is a reliable method to wind erosion (deflation) combat in the spring. Even strong winds with a speed of more than 15 m s-1 in early fallow are not able to blow out more than 5-12 g m-2 of soil in 5 minutes of exposure, while in case of board tillage these figures increase by 11-26 times and amount to 134 g m-2.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"342 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76882250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological and biochemical effects of lufenuron on Xanthogaleruca luteola (Muller, 1766 ) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 氟虫腈对黄蛾的生物学和生化作用(鞘翅目:金蛉科)

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2519

Bahareh MOHAMMADZADEH TAMAM, M. Ghadamyari, Elaheh SHAFIEI ALAVIJEH

{"title":"Biological and biochemical effects of lufenuron on Xanthogaleruca luteola (Muller, 1766 ) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)","authors":"Bahareh MOHAMMADZADEH TAMAM, M. Ghadamyari, Elaheh SHAFIEI ALAVIJEH","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2519","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthogaleruca luteola (Mull., 1766) is the major defoliator pest of elm trees in urban area. In this study the effect of lufenuron on some biochemical and biological characteristics was investigated on X. luteola. The LC30 and LC50 of lufenuron were determined on the second instar larvae as 20.22 and 36.65 mg l-1, respectively. Effects of LC30 and LC50 concentrations of lufenuron on some biological parameters showed that lufenuron caused an increase in larval, pre-pupal and pupal developmental periods. Also, none of the female insects that emerged from the treated larvae did not spawn during their life. The LC50 concentration of lufenuron decreased carbohydrate, lipid and protein content and increased glycogen content. But there was not a significant difference in glycogen, and protein contents following the exposure to LC30 concentration. However, glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and esterase activities were significantly increased at LC50. In conclusion, due to lethal and sublethal effect of lufenuron on biochemical and biological traits of X. luteola, it can be recommended for control this pest in IPM program.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75356241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chemical composition and insecticidal effect of methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. fruits on Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, 1863 and Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) adults 刺毛柑果实甲醇提取物对Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, 1863和Sitophilus oryzae (L.， 1763)成虫的化学成分及杀虫效果

Acta agriculturae Slovenica Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2546

Tayebe MAHMOUDI MANESH, S. Ravan, A. Khani, M. Sarani

{"title":"Chemical composition and insecticidal effect of methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. fruits on Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, 1863 and Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) adults","authors":"Tayebe MAHMOUDI MANESH, S. Ravan, A. Khani, M. Sarani","doi":"10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2546","url":null,"abstract":"Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus oryzae are stored product pests found worldwide. Environmental damages, human health issues and the emergence of resistance are driving scientists to seek alternatives to synthetic insecticides for its control. Under this scenario, plant secondary metabolites are being increasingly studied as bioinsecticides because they are renewable, natural, biodegradable, non-persistent in the environment and safe to non-target organism and humans. In this study, the chemical composition and lethal effects of methanol extract of Capparis spinosa fruits on Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus oryzae adults were studied. The LC50 of extract on T. confusum and S. oryzae in contact method were 14.7 and 10.5 mg cm-2, respectively, whereas in the dip method, the LC50 value determined 41.3 and 34.3 mg ml-1 for T. confusum and S. oryzae, respectively. The most important identified compounds were the thymol (22.5 %), methyl sulfonyl heptyl isothiocyanate (13.3 %), butyl isothiocyanate (8.1 %), γ-terpinene (6.2%) and iso propyl isothiocyanate (5.8 %). The results confirmed the potential of the C. spinosa extract in controlling stored-product insects.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85018168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0