医疗社会史研究最新文献_第6页

Body, image, text in early modern Europe. 身体，图像，文字在近代早期的欧洲。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/12.1.143

M. Jenner

引用次数: 2

Reply to Bernard Harris: morbidity and mortality during the health transition: a comment on James C. Riley. 回复伯纳德·哈里斯:健康转型时期的发病率和死亡率:评詹姆斯·c·莱利。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/12.1.133

J. Riley

引用次数: 5

The countrie continues sicklie': white mortality in Jamaica, 1655-1780. 这个国家继续生病:牙买加白人死亡率，1655-1780。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/12.1.45

T. Burnard

{"title":"The countrie continues sicklie': white mortality in Jamaica, 1655-1780.","authors":"T. Burnard","doi":"10.1093/SHM/12.1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/12.1.45","url":null,"abstract":"The tropical regions of the New World in the early modern era offered European migrants great wealth but were also demographically deadly. This paper presents hard data on white mortality in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Jamaica and shows that white susceptibility to disease, especially yellow fever, led to appalling white mortality. High white mortality, especially in urban areas in the first half of the eithteenth century, meant that Jamaica did not become a settler society full of native-born whites, as occurred in plantation British North America. The failure of white settlement and continuing high mortality accentuated whites'penchant for fast living, for fatalism, and contributed to slaveowners' callous disregard for the welfare of their slaves. White life chances were not helped by inappropriate medical attention. Although Jamaican doctors' explanations of high white mortality were occasionally correct, their adherence to humoral and miasmic theories of medicine led them to promote remedies that were at best ineffectual, at worst detrimental. Contemporaries, however, refused to accept the facts of white demographic decline, in part because to do so would have been to deny the possibility that Jamaica would become Anglicized rather than Africanized.","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":"6 1","pages":"45-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79625372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Blood, coughs, and fever: tuberculosis and the working class of Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1885-1915. 血、咳嗽和发烧:肺结核和阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯的工人阶级，1885-1915。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/12.1.73

V. Reber

引用次数: 9

Why sickness and death rates do not move parallel to one another over time. 为什么疾病和死亡率不会随时间平行移动。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/12.1.101

J. Riley

引用次数: 15

Morbidity and mortality during the health transition: a comment on James C. Riley, "Why sickness and death rates do not move parallel to one another over time." 健康转型期间的发病率和死亡率:对詹姆斯·c·莱利的评论，“为什么疾病和死亡率不会随着时间的推移而彼此平行。”

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/12.1.125

B. Harris

{"title":"Morbidity and mortality during the health transition: a comment on James C. Riley, \"Why sickness and death rates do not move parallel to one another over time.\"","authors":"B. Harris","doi":"10.1093/SHM/12.1.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/12.1.125","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout most parts of the world, mortality rates have fallen dramatically since the mid-nineteenth century, but morbidity rates appear to have risen.1 James Riley's article is the latest in a series of attempts to explain this paradox. It breaks new ground, in relation to the author's previous work, in its use of a mathematical model to explain the relationship between morbidity and mortality, and in the deployment of new data from the Abthorpe, Ashboume, Llangeitho, and Morcott Friendly Societies.2 However, despite the undoubted importance of Riley's article, many of his conclusions remain open to question. In endeavouring to explain 'why sickness and death rates do not move parallel to one another over time', Riley raises four major issues, which may be summarized as follows: 1. What is the practical significance of the equation P = / X D? 2. To what extent has Riley succeeded in demonstrating the robustness of the friendly society data as objective indicators of health status? 3. What do the data reveal about sickness and health among members of the four societies? 4. What are the implications of Riley's findings for our understanding of the relationship between morbidity and mortality during the period of the 'health transition'? This comment will attempt to highlight the questions raised by Riley's article under each of these headings. What is the practical significance of the equation P= IX D? To what extent has Riley succeeded in demonstrating the robustness of the friendly society data as objective indicators of health status? What do the data reveal about sickness and health among members of the four Societies? What are the implications of Riley's findings for our understanding of the relationship between morbidity and mortality during the period of the 'health transition'?","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":"49 1","pages":"125-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82197665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The origins of vaccinia virus - a brief comment. 牛痘病毒的起源——一个简短的评论。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/12.1.141

P. Razzell

引用次数: 2

'It begins with the goose and ends with the goose': medical, legal, and lay understandings of imbecility in Ingram v Wyatt, 1824-1832. “以鹅开始，以鹅结束”:1824-1832年英格拉姆诉怀亚特案中对低能的医学、法律和世俗理解。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/11.3.361

M. Jackson

{"title":"'It begins with the goose and ends with the goose': medical, legal, and lay understandings of imbecility in Ingram v Wyatt, 1824-1832.","authors":"M. Jackson","doi":"10.1093/SHM/11.3.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/11.3.361","url":null,"abstract":"A number of historians have recently suggested that we need to get out of the asylum if we are to fully understand attitudes to insanity in the nineteenth century. Arguing that accounts of the medicalization of madness have ignored the importance of non-medical attitudes to lunacy and idiocy, recent studies have stressed the need to explore family attitudes and responses in more detail. Unfortunately, efforts to escape the asylum have to some extent been hampered by a persistent reliance on institutional records. This institutional dependence is understandable: certificates of insanity, reception orders, case-books, and asylum registers, together with published documents, constitute the major record of historical constructions of the lunatic and idiotic mind. However, there may be more resourceful ways of exploring both medical and non-medical attitudes to idiocy. In this paper, I want to use the records from a contested will case, Ingram v Wyatt, to demonstrate that records from the ecclesiastical courts can provide access to a domain where the definitions and meanings of idiocy and imbecility were routinely considered by lawyers, lay witnesses, judges, and doctors. I shall argue that such cases constitute a fruitful site for excavating lay, professional legal, and medical attitudes to imbecility, for exploring the complex relationship between medical and non-medical understandings of capacity, and for situating those understandings within the context of professional developments in law and medicine and contemporary concerns about inheritance.","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":"27 1","pages":"361-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75205404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Profession, skill, or domestic duty? Midwifery in Sheffield, 1881-1936. 职业、技能还是家庭责任?谢菲尔德的助产士，1881-1936。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/11.3.403

T. Mcintosh

{"title":"Profession, skill, or domestic duty? Midwifery in Sheffield, 1881-1936.","authors":"T. Mcintosh","doi":"10.1093/SHM/11.3.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/SHM/11.3.403","url":null,"abstract":"Midwives today trace their professional identity back to the period following the midwifery regulation of 1902, when provisions were made for the training and registration of all midwives, and for the gradual elimination of the untrained practitioner. Some historians have argued that this represented a definite break and signalled the willingness of midwives to move towards a professional status. A comparison of midwifery in Sheffield pre- and post-regulation demonstrates no significant change in the practice and profiles of those in the occupation; all midwives remained primarily married or widowed part-time workers. Training for midwives was instituted early in Sheffield. Those trained had fairly high caseloads for the period, but their social and economic status was no different from non-trained midwives in the area. Regulation had a significant impact on the attitude of doctors towards midwives, who were increasingly viewed as part of a medical structure of care. Some midwives attempted to pursue collective action in order to improve their prospects, but they were in the minority. The limits to their professional development were demonstrated by their lack of control over supervision, their subordinate relationship to doctors, and their inability to work in unison.","PeriodicalId":68213,"journal":{"name":"医疗社会史研究","volume":"114 1","pages":"403-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75299137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Eugenics and birth control: contraceptive provision in North Wales, 1918-1939. 优生学和生育控制:北威尔士的避孕措施，1918-1939。

医疗社会史研究 Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/SHM/11.3.443

J. Grier

引用次数: 7