{"title":"Experimental study on the power consumption of timers embedded into microcontrollers","authors":"F. Reverter, M. Gasulla","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459857","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study on the current consumption of timers embedded into microcontrollers is presented in this work. The study is carried out in two commercial microcontrollers (MSP430FR5969 and ATtiny2313) and the experimental results are compared with the scarce data provided in their datasheets. The sensitivity (expressed in µA/MHz) reported in the datasheet seems to be only applicable if the frequency divider of the timer equals one. Otherwise, such a sensitivity is lower but there is a significant offset component, leading to a higher power consumption at the same operating frequency. The knowledge extracted from this work is expected to provide guidelines to better use embedded timers in low-power sensor applications.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"126 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75870919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Wahid, Abdul Wahab Usman Ullah, K. Kadir, Syeda Saadain.
{"title":"Multi-layer Convolutional Sparse Coding Framework for Restoration of Under-sampled MR Images","authors":"A. Wahid, Abdul Wahab Usman Ullah, K. Kadir, Syeda Saadain.","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459960","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the diagnosis of different pathologies associated with human anatomy. The need to acquire images with higher temporal and spatial resolution require longer scan times resulting in patient fatigue and claustrophobia. In addition to scan times, the induced motion artifacts in acquired MRI images further necessitate the reduction in scan time for better image quality in case the process is repeated. To circumvent the longer scan time problem, Parallel Imaging (PI) and Compressive Sensing (CS) techniques have been proposed for scan time accelerations. The emergence of deep learning-based techniques that rely on fully sampled MR images to learn image priors and key parameters for non-linear mappings between fully sampled and undersampled MR images have enabled compressive sensing-magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) restoration architectures that are much better than the traditional regularization-based restoration techniques. In this article, we propose a multilayer convolutional sparse coding (ML-CSC) based framework utilizing layered basis pursuit for CS-MRI reconstruction and demonstrate its effectiveness on brain MR images with different acceleration factors. The proposed generic architecture is shown to provide successful reconstruction from undersampled MR images that can be further used for clinical interpretations.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"89 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82228036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Asymmetry in Horizontal Gas-Liquid Annular Flow Based on Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence","authors":"T. Xue, Tao Zhang, Mengrui An","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459832","url":null,"abstract":"Due to gravity, the circumferential liquid film distribution in horizontal annular flow is asymmetric, which has a significant effect on its heat and mass transfer performance. Planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) is applied to provide images of the circumferential liquid film in horizontal annular flow. The characteristics of fluorescence image are utilized to segment the liquid film by the color difference calculation. Based on the optical path analysis, the distortion of the liquid film is corrected to obtain the true liquid film, and then the method that extracts liquid film thickness at different circumferential positions from 30° to 150° is optimized. The circumferential liquid film during 300ms is combined to investigate the behavior of disturbance wave. The effects of superficial gas and liquid velocities on the circumferential film thickness and the asymmetry of liquid film distribution are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78662338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martínez-R. Ismael, O. López-L, D. Ferrusca, M. Velázquez, E. Gutiérrez-D., D. D. Romero, F. J. D. L. Hidalga-W
{"title":"Development of a Cryogenic System for the Characterization of Advanced CMOS technologies down to 350 mK","authors":"Martínez-R. Ismael, O. López-L, D. Ferrusca, M. Velázquez, E. Gutiérrez-D., D. D. Romero, F. J. D. L. Hidalga-W","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459826","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript, we present an experimental setup capable to extract main electrical parameters and thermal effects from semiconductor devices within a range of temperatures from 300 K down to 350 mK. Key aspects of the system such as sample holder design and wire material selection, are discussed. One of the most critical design limitations is the maximum thermal power handling, since at sub-Kelvin temperatures the cooling power is limited by a3He4He fridge. The largest amount of heat transferred into the system comes from the electrical wiring, is reduced by the combined use of Copper and Manganin wires. This way we reach an optimized balance between electrical resistance and heat conduction. Therefore we ensure the DUT reaches the Ultra-Cold Stage (UCS) temperature while the electrical measurements are minimally affected by the electrical resistance. Under this condition the cryogenic system allows a reliable electrical characterization of a 14 nm SOI p-FinFET down to 350 mK.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"104 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90802519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jipu Li, Ruyi Huang, Jingyan Xia, Zhuyun Chen, Weihua Li
{"title":"A Global-Local Dynamic Adversarial Network for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Spindle Bearing","authors":"Jipu Li, Ruyi Huang, Jingyan Xia, Zhuyun Chen, Weihua Li","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9460061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9460061","url":null,"abstract":"Transfer learning-based intelligent fault diagnosis methods for smart spindle bearings have been constantly developed in the recent years. The existing methods generally either assume different domains belong to the same label spaces or the number of fault categories in source and target domains are equal. Nevertheless, this assumption is unrealistic since the unknown fault class will unexpectedly occur when changing working condition. To solve this problem, a global-local dynamic adversarial network is proposed for unexpectedly fault detection of smart spindle bearing, in which global and local data alignment are introduced and the relative proportion of two distributions are dynamically calculated to extract domain-invariant features. In addition, new fault classifier is designed to separate unknown fault from known fault. Experimental on a smart spindle bearing dataset demonstrate the proposed method is promising for new fault detection.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"116 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90237527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leif O. Harders, V. Czymmek, F. Knoll, S. Hussmann
{"title":"Area Yield Performance Evaluation of a Nonchemical Weeding Robot in Organic Farming","authors":"Leif O. Harders, V. Czymmek, F. Knoll, S. Hussmann","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459791","url":null,"abstract":"Vision-based detection and classification systems for identifying crops and weeds have recently been extensively researched and build the foundation for autonomous nonchemical weed management. One crucial part of nonchemical weed management is the mechanism that controls the weeds. This paper evaluates a mechanical intra-row cutting tool in comparison to the state-of-the-art manual weed management. The mechanism was evaluated under normal commercial growing conditions in a controlled organic carrot field of our cooperation partner Westhof Bio GmbH in Friedrichsgabekoog, Germany.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89420144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational imaging for drill bit wear estimation","authors":"S. D. Iacono, G. D. Leo, C. Liguori","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459868","url":null,"abstract":"Aerospace and automotive industries make more and more use of carbon fiber laminates. They offer high advantages in terms of mechanical performance but are difficult to work on and need precise and expensive tools. Drilling is the most common operation; drill bits must be accurately verified before use to avoid damages during the process. This paper proposes an optical inspection system for drill bits wearing estimation based on a custom-designed illumination device and a processing algorithm based on computational imaging. The elaboration of the computational image is used to measure the drill bit cutting profile. Drill bits have been worn on carbon fiber laminates, and a tool wear model has been extracted using the proposed system. The proposed method has been tested on both used and new drill bits, used in the aerospace industry.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89973833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D printed self-sensing alkali-activated coatings for civil infrastructure","authors":"C. Vlachakis, M. Perry, J. McAlorum","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459899","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring civil infrastructure is paramount due to the ageing of existing civil infrastructure. Apart from electronic devices, self-sensing materials are also used for these types of applications. In this paper, we present 3D printed self-sensing coatings for civil infrastructure. The coating is an alkali-activated material, which attains similar properties to ordinary Portland cement binders but is more electrically conductive due to the alkali ions in the matrix. The coatings were printed onto concrete cubes and glass fiber reinforced plastic sheets to investigate their strain response under cyclic loading in compression and tension. The electrical response under compression presented reasonable repeatability among loading cycles. In tension, the patches presented slight repeatability issues in subsequent cycles. For both compression and tension the patches present a linear electrical response in regards to the applied strain. The gauge factor of the coatings was calculated as 657 for compression and 144 for tension. 3D printed coatings have shown the potential of acting as a nondestructive evaluation method of existing infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"83 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88056992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katelyn R. Brinker, A. Case, Mohammad Tayeb Al Qaseer
{"title":"Bistatic Microwave Sensor for In-Situ Composite Inspection and Structural Health Monitoring","authors":"Katelyn R. Brinker, A. Case, Mohammad Tayeb Al Qaseer","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459936","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring composite structures, such as wind turbines, for damage is an application of critical concern. While nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have been proposed to address these needs, they often require costly downtime while the inspection is being conducted. Therefore, minimally invasive, self-contained, in-situ methods such as sensors are of interest. This work proposes a low-power bistatic patch antenna-based microwave sensor system that could be used to meet these inspection needs. The design of the system, as well as simulations and measurements, are shown to provide a proof-of-concept of this approach.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86825969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Betta, D. Capriglione, Marzia Salone D’Amata, C. Liguori, E. Zappa
{"title":"Characterization of 3D Image-Based Biometric Systems in Dynamic Acquisition Conditions","authors":"G. Betta, D. Capriglione, Marzia Salone D’Amata, C. Liguori, E. Zappa","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459917","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on the analysis of biometric measurements in dynamic acquisition conditions and their impact on the reliability of the recognition judgments. To this aim, a suitable simulator of stereoscopic systems has been designed and realized. It relies on a fully simulated procedure based on the following steps: (i) generation of a set of realistic 3D face models through a proper face simulator software; (ii) definition of an arbitrary trajectory for the face models and stereo images to simulate a set of images acquired in different poses (positions and orientations) of the subject during the movement; (iii) addition of selectable levels of motion blur in a controlled environment, to simulate critical acquisition conditions. This procedure allows ensuring that the recognition results are not due to the natural change of expression of real faces or an imperfect image acquisition device. Moreover, every face model is moved exactly with the same trajectory in front of the stereoscopic system, allowing compare the recognition performances all along the trajectory, also in controlled and under repeatable blur levels. A face biometrics procedure, based on a popular recognition algorithm, is then run on the generated images and the recognition performances are analyzed in detail. The achieved results demonstrated how the motion blur and also the slight differences between the acquired images and the reference ones significantly affect the performance in the recognition of such kinds of systems, thus confirming the usefulness of the proposed simulator.","PeriodicalId":6772,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"68 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86895656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}