Petroleum Exploration and Development最新文献

{"title":"Discovery of the Permian Chengdu–Santai volcanic paleo-uplift and its control on sedimentary reservoirs in Western Sichuan Basin, China","authors":"Jianhua Dong,&nbsp;Qiang Xu,&nbsp;Tianhai Huang,&nbsp;Wenjie Yang,&nbsp;Shuyuan Shi,&nbsp;Di Xiao,&nbsp;Hong Liu,&nbsp;Ying Xiong,&nbsp;Xiucheng Tan","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60743-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60743-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on core observations, thin section identification, well logging and seismic data of the Permian strata in the western Sichuan Basin, this study systematically discusses the constraints of Middle and Late Permian two-phase volcanism on paleotectonic evolution and sedimentary filling. It further reveals a long-neglected Chengdu–Santai volcanic paleo-uplift developed continuously in the study area and clarifies its controlling effects of formation and evolution on sedimentary reservoirs. The results indicate that two suites of volcanic rocks are developed in the Permian strata of western Sichuan Basin. The lower volcanic rocks of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation are predominantly composed of basalt and volcanic breccia, whereas the upper volcanic rocks of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation are mainly basalt and volcaniclastic rocks, recording two episodic volcanic eruption events that occurred in the middle depositional stage of the Maokou Formation and the early depositional stage of the Longtan Formation. Paleogeomorphological reconstruction shows that the volcanism during the middle Maokou depositional stage initially formed the embryonic paleo-uplift on the western Sichuan carbonate platform. Continuous vertical stacking and lateral expansion of volcanic materials during the early Longtan depositional stage finally shaped a sub-elliptical paleo-uplift plunging northeastward. This paleo-uplift extends approximately 200 km northeastward along its major axis, with a minor axis ranging from 70 km to 110 km in the east-west direction. The uplift high is located in the Well area YS1–YT1, with a maximum relative relief of 300 m. Affected by late tectonic activities and persistent sedimentary filling and leveling, the paleo-uplift completely disappeared during the deposition of the third member of the Feixianguan Formation. Formed by the synergistic effect of the clockwise northward rotation and drift of the South China Plate and mantle plume hotspot activity during the Permian, this paleo-uplift dominated the paleogeographic pattern of the central and western Sichuan Basin during its development. Specifically, tidal flat-barrier shoal sedimentary systems developed around the volcanic highland during the middle to late Maokou depositional stage, and high-energy facies belts were widely distributed around the volcanic paleo-uplift during the Changxing depositional stage. This study confirms that the volcanic paleo-uplift and its peripheral zones are favorable hydrocarbon exploration areas for the Maokou and Changxing formations, providing a new perspective for Permian oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1025-1040"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of reservoir heterogeneity on oil displacement efficiency and spatial utilization during coordinated construction of oil reservoir-based underground gas storage","authors":"Yong Tang,&nbsp;Chengang Yuan,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoli Ma,&nbsp;Youwei He,&nbsp;Guangliang Gao,&nbsp;Guohui Zhang,&nbsp;Haiyan He,&nbsp;Jiazheng Qin","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60746-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60746-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the geological characteristics of the JD reservoir-based underground gas storage (UGS) facility, two-dimensional visual plate physical models representing vertical and areal heterogeneity were constructed. UGS operation was experimentally simulated under two injection-production schemes. An experimental-scale compositional reservoir model was also developed to characterize the spatial sweep patterns under different heterogeneity configurations and injection-production modes. The results show that the vertically heterogeneous model generally achieves higher oil displacement efficiency than the areally heterogeneous model. The relative sweep efficiencies of the two models depend on the injection-production scheme. Their difference is small after a single depressurization cycle, whereas the vertically heterogeneous model exhibits higher sweep efficiency after repeated depressurization cycles. Compared with a single cycle, repeated depressurization cycles increase the injection-production pressure difference and intensify cyclic flow perturbations. These effects weaken the persistent dominance of preferential flow pathways on injection-production process, promote fluid mobilization in medium- and low-permeability zones, and markedly improve sweep efficiency during UGS operation. Given vertical heterogeneity, increasing heterogeneity intensifies gravity segregation and interlayer channeling, suppresses the sweep into low-permeability zones, and reduces sweep efficiency. Given areal heterogeneity, by contrast, increasing heterogeneity enhances the flow conductivity of high-permeability zones and improves displacement effectiveness within the swept areas, thereby increasing the overall sweep efficiency. Accordingly, stratified injection-production combined with graded pressure drawdown is recommended for vertically heterogeneous reservoirs to suppress channeling through high-permeability zones and improve the utilization of low-permeability zones. For areally heterogeneous reservoirs, optimized well placement and zonal injection-production should be combined with multistage depressurization cycles to improve storage-capacity utilization efficiency and operational stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1067-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory of relative homogeneity in low-permeability reservoirs","authors":"Wenrui Hu,&nbsp;Shuqi Zhang,&nbsp;Fang Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60745-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60745-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the geological characteristics and development practices of low-permeability oil and gas resources in China, this study extends the conventional understanding that such reservoirs are typically tight and highly heterogeneous and proposes the theory of relative homogeneity in low-permeability reservoirs. As to this theory, its concept is systematically articulated, its connotation is clarified, and its mathematical model is constructed. Based on the successful development practices of low- and ultra-low-permeability reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, and incorporating pore-throat structure, sand body scale, seepage mechanisms, waterflooding displacement patterns, water-cut rise rate, natural decline rate, and recovery factor, the practice standards for the theory of relative homogeneity are established. Subsequently, the identification criteria for the theory of relative homogeneity are comprehensively elaborated from multiple dimensions, ranging from microscopic to macroscopic scales, from reservoirs to fluids, and from sedimentary geology to reservoir development engineering. Practical applications in development pilot areas have demonstrated that the complementarity and synergistic development of the “relative homogeneity” and “heterogeneity” concepts have effectively driven the optimization of development schemes, including drilling, fracturing, and injection-production, providing reliable theoretical support for the development of low-permeability reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1055-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic modification mechanisms of nano-modified slickwater system for enhanced oil recovery in tight oil reservoirs","authors":"Tianbo Liang,&nbsp;Fujian Zhou,&nbsp;Zilin Deng,&nbsp;Erdong Yao,&nbsp;Shuai Yuan,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Junlin Wu,&nbsp;Maoqin Yang,&nbsp;Xiongfei Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60753-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60753-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address two main challenges, i.e. insufficient proppant support in hydraulic fractures and limited oil mobilization from the matrix, in tight oil reservoirs, this study proposes a concept of “fracturing fluid-rock matrix synergistic modification” to formulate a modified slickwater system based on nano-droplets. This nano-modified slickwater system is investigated for its synergistic modification mechanisms through experimental techniques including rheological measurements, visualized proppant transport tests, three-phase interfacial atomic force microscopy measurements, wettability characterization, and core flood experiments. The results indicate that the nano-modified slickwater system exhibits a low viscosity and high elasticity under high shear rates, which facilitates friction reduction and fracture propagation, and exhibits a sharp increase of viscosity while maintaining the high elasticity through restoring the microscopic association structure under low shear rates, which enhances proppant transport by fracturing fluid in distal and branched fractures. This system releases nano-droplets after fluid breaking, which then migrate to deep matrix pores, altering the matrix wettability and enhancing oil recovery through imbibition. It is concluded that the nano-modified slickwater system formulated following the concept of “fracturing fluid-rock matrix synergistic modification” is adaptive to working conditions, and it can simultaneously expand the volume of conductive fracture-network and enhance matrix productivity, enabling fracturing fluids to “enter, migrate, and modify” tight reservoir matrix economically and effectively. The proposed system offers a reliable technical foundation for efficient development of tight oil reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1166-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation model of Fengshun hydrothermal geothermal system in Cathaysian orogenic system","authors":"Jinchuan Zhang,&nbsp;Tianyi Lin,&nbsp;Yuhang Sun,&nbsp;Lei Chen,&nbsp;Xingxu Zhao,&nbsp;Longfei Xu,&nbsp;Xiaochang Tong,&nbsp;Yuanfu Zhang,&nbsp;Xuan Tang,&nbsp;Miao Shi,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Xiangjie Man,&nbsp;Shanmin Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60754-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60754-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taking the Fengshun hydrothermal geothermal field in the Cathaysian orogenic system as an example, this study incorporates orogenic belt background elements into geothermal system and geothermal prediction research, and establishes a genetic model for the Fengshun geothermal field. The results show that the Fengshun area is characterized by well-developed Yanshanian granites with high radiogenic heat production rates, which serve as an effective heat source for the geothermal field. The area receives abundant rainfall, and the well-developed surface runoff, together with a topographic relief of nearly 1 km, provides ample water recharge. A system of steeply dipping conjugate shear faults forms the pathways for the long-distance migration of geothermal fluids. Mesozoic fractured granite bodies along the fault zones and Jurassic clastic rocks constitute the main geothermal reservoirs, whereas Triassic-Jurassic mudstones, shales, tuffs, and Quaternary clay layers act as effective regional caprocks. These features collectively create favorable conditions for a hydrothermal geothermal system in terms of heat source, water supply, reservoir, conduits and caprock. Along the Fenshui fault toward the southeast direction, surface runoff and groundwater flow occur simultaneously, creating favorable conditions for groundwater recharge, long-distance water circulation, and sustained heating of the groundwater. Downstream, the Lianhuashan fault zone and the continuously distributed granite bodies jointly form an effective barrier to groundwater flow, and the combination of the water-bearing reservoir and the obstructing structures constitutes a “ponding structure”. Deep-seated granites generating heat, deep groundwater undergoing long-distance circulation, shear faults conducting both water and heat, fractures and sand bodies providing storage space, fine-grained sedimentary caprocks offering thermal insulation, and lateral confinement by faults and granite bodies—all these elements together constitute the Fengshun hydrothermal geothermal enrichment model. The well-matched combination of heat source and water supply, fault conduits and water circulation, and reservoir and structural barrier is the key factor enabling the Fengshun geothermal field to be exploited continuously at stable temperature and high flow rate. This model explains the genetic mechanism of medium-high temperature geothermal anomalies in an orogenic setting and offers a reference for predicting and exploring geothermal resources in similar geological settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1179-1193"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential development mechanisms and prediction of reservoirs in the 4th Member of Sinian Dengying Formation on eastern side of Deyang-Anyue rift, Sichuan Basin, China","authors":"Tianjie Jin,&nbsp;Anjiang Shen,&nbsp;Feng Liang,&nbsp;Zhanfeng Qiao,&nbsp;Junmao Duan,&nbsp;Xi Li,&nbsp;Qiuding Du","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60742-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60742-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reservoirs of the 4^th member of the Sinian Dengying Formation (Deng-4 Member) around the Deyang-Anyue intraplatform rift in the Sichuan Basin are highly heterogeneous, alongside with unclear genesis and distribution of high-quality reservoirs. This study investigates the reservoirs of the Deng-4 Member in the Ningqiang area in the northern segment of eastern side of the rift, and compares them with those in the Penglai area in the central segment and the central Sichuan paleouplift in the southern segment, and analyzes the differential development mechanisms of reservoirs on the eastern side of the rift. First, the Deng-4 reservoirs are facies-controlled, with stromatolite, framestone, and thrombolite dolomites serving as the main carriers of reservoir hosts. The preservation of pores was mainly controlled by early dolomitization, acid generation from microbial organic matter, a burial history characterized by prolonged shallow burial followed by late-stage accelerated deep burial, and early hydrocarbon charging. Second, the reservoirs show a differential pattern of development. The rimmed platform-margin reservoirs in the southern and northern segments of the rift have better development than the extensional fault-step platform-margin reservoirs in the central segment of the rift. The mode of prolonged shallow burial followed by late-stage accelerated deep burial in the northern segment is more conducive to the preservation of pores compared to the mode of continuous and uniform burial in the central and southern segment. Third, during the deposition of the lower–upper Deng-4 Member, the platform-margin microbial mound-shoal complex prograded from east to west perpendicularly to the platform-margin belt, and migrated from south to north parallelly to the platform-margin belt. The lower Deng-4 reservoirs are mainly distributed in the central and southern segments, the middle Deng-4 reservoirs in the central segment, and the upper Deng-4 reservoirs in Langzhong-Wangcang area of the northern segment and Penglai area of the central segment. These insights reveal that the Langzhong-Wangcang area in the northern segment of the rift, the central Sichuan paleouplift in the southern segment and the Penglai area in the central segment, has great potential of reservoir development in the Deng-4 Member.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1009-1024"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional multi-level fracture propping technique for full-domain propped fracturing: A case study of shale oil and gas reservoir stimulation","authors":"Jianchun Guo,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Hangyu Zhou,&nbsp;Yuxuan Liu,&nbsp;Qianli Lu,&nbsp;Hengbo Zuo,&nbsp;Shan Ren,&nbsp;Yongxin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60749-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60749-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective propping of multi-stage fractures is challenging in shale oil and gas reservoirs stimulated by full-domain propped fracturing. This paper discusses the three-dimensional multi-level fracture propping technique, a component of the full-domain propped fracturing technology. The mechanism of proppant transport within multi-level fractures is thoroughly analyzed, and the control strategies for three-dimensional multi-level fracture propping and proper implementation paths are elaborated. Due to retardation by narrow fracture walls and severe fracturing fluid leakoff, proppant exhibits poor transport capacity and high settling velocity within shale fractures, resulting in limited longitudinal and lateral placement coverage. Additionally, proppant struggles to divert into branch fractures at fracture junctions, which ultimately reduces the effective propped volume of multi-level fractures. Adjusting pumping rate, fracturing fluid viscosity and proppant particle size can modify the intra-fracture proppant placement pattern to a certain extent, yet such measures show limited performance in improving far-fracture placement. To achieve three-dimensional multi-level fracture propping in shale, two targeted technologies are proposed. One is high-efficiency proppant placement in main fractures based on structure-driven proppant transport, which adopts proppant-fiber clusters as fundamental transport units instead of pure proppant grains to alter particle settling and packing behaviors, thereby greatly expanding the propped volume of main fractures. The other is graded propping by optimizing transport unit dimensions and improving particle entry capacity to mitigate insufficient propping in branch fractures. The full-domain propped fracturing technology has been fully or partially applied in pilot and comparative tests at nearly 300 wells in 11 oil and gas fields within China, with satisfactory results obtained. This technology is expected to be widely deployed for developing various unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1110-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrocarbon micro-migration characteristics and accumulation model of ultra-deep shale: A case study of Permian Dalong Formation in Well Tiebei 1 L-HF in northeastern Sichuan Basin, SW China","authors":"Jinbao Duan,&nbsp;Tianwu Xu,&nbsp;Kai Zhou,&nbsp;Zhuo Li,&nbsp;Zhiye Gao,&nbsp;Lei Huang","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60739-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60739-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrocarbon accumulation patterns of ultra-deep marine shale in the northeastern Sichuan Basin remain unclear. Taking the Permian Dalong Formation in Well Tiebei 1 L-HF in the Puguang area, northeastern Sichuan Basin, as an example, this study integrated petro-mineralogical, geochemical, and micro-scale characterization techniques to systematically reveal the enrichment mechanisms of primary organic matter and the reservoir-forming conditions of shale and establish the hydrocarbon micro-migration and accumulation model. The main findings are obtained in three aspects. First, three core lithofacies, i.e. siliceous, calcareous and mixed shales, are identified vertically in the Dalong Formation. Siliceous shale, dominated by sapropelinite, possesses the optimal primary hydrocarbon-generating potential. The present TOC of mixed shale (average 9.31%) exceeds that of the siliceous shale (average 6.85%), indicating that the current organic matter distribution is controlled by late-stage hydrocarbon redistribution rather than solely by primary deposition. Second, a multi-scale cross-lithofacies composite pore-fracture system is identified. Siliceous shale provides basic storage space of hydrocarbon and horizontal transport; calcareous shale contains fractures in calcite veins, which act as migration “transfer stations” of hydrocarbon; and mixed shale develops tectonic tensile fractures and dissolution pores. Together, these elements support fluid conduction in ultra-deep settings. Third, the micro-migration mechanism of “in-source enrichment and lithofacies-controlled migration” is confirmed for ultra-deep shale hydrocarbon. Within an overpressure compartment, driven by hydrocarbon generation-induced overpressure, hydrocarbons undergo stepwise micro-migration along the siliceous shale (source) → calcareous shale (conduit) → mixed shale (sink) path, inducing short-distance fractionation and redistribution of components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 967-981"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astronomical cycle framework and carbonate platform evolution of Permian Longtan Formation–Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Sichuan Basin, SW China","authors":"Shuyuan Shi,&nbsp;Jiabin Wu,&nbsp;Suyun Hu,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhang,&nbsp;Hua Jiang,&nbsp;Fanzhi Kong,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Jianbing Yun,&nbsp;Hao Meng,&nbsp;Saijun Wu","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60741-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60741-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on data from cores, well logs, seismic profiles, and carbon isotopic compositions, this study constrains the chronostratigraphic framework using carbon isotopic excursion events and applies cyclostratigraphic methods to establish a high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework for the Permian Longtan Formation–Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Sichuan Basin. Through single-well sedimentary evolution analysis and well-seismic integration, the sedimentary characteristics and the patterns and petroleum geologic significance of carbonate platform evolution during the deposition of the Longtan Formation–Feixianguan Formation are systematically revealed. The results show that the Longtan Formation–Feixianguan Formation exhibits 19 to 22 long eccentricity cycles across the entire basin. The difference in cycle counts is attributed to the significant local absence of the top part of the Permian Changxing Formation. Sedimentation rates gradually increase from the southwest to the northeast of the basin. The sedimentary system is overall controlled by a “high productivity, high supply” background, and jointly influenced by sea-level changes and terrigenous input. The Changxing Formation shows progradational ramp characteristics locally, while the Longtan Formation– Feixianguan Formation presents a carbonate ramp sedimentary model. The “tectonics-climate-astronomy” multi-level synergistic driving mechanism governed carbonate platform development, the regional tectonic setting established the macro-paleogeographic framework and accommodation space configuration for carbonate platform development, while the rhythmic sedimentary infilling and the production intensity of carbonate factories were significantly modulated by paleoclimate and astronomical orbital signals. The three factors exhibited stage-wise synergistic evolution in time and space, collectively driving the formation, development, and demise of carbonate platforms. This study provides a new sedimentary model and basis for an in-depth understanding of sedimentary characteristics and carbonate platform evolution patterns during the Permian–Triassic transition in the Sichuan Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 994-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow wave wireless communication technology for water injection wells","authors":"Lichen Zheng,&nbsp;Eryang Ming,&nbsp;Jiaqing Yu,&nbsp;Qichun Zhou,&nbsp;Yazhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60750-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(26)60750-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering that pressure wave wireless communication technology for water injection wells is limited in transmission success rate and efficiency, this study leverages the propagation characteristics of flow-rate disturbances throughout the entire pressurized pipeline flow system. The transmission characteristics of flow waves within water injection pipelines were revealed through numerical analysis and experiments. Based on these characteristics, corresponding signal generation devices, high-precision flowmeters, and a hybrid signal encoding system for flow wave communication were developed. This led to the successful creation of a surface flow wave communication terminal and a downhole water distributor. Depending on field conditions, a signal transmission strategy adapted to the characteristics of flow waves was formulated. Integrated with surface 4G mobile communication technology, a bidirectional wireless communication system from the surface terminal to the downhole water distributor was constructed. Ultimately, a complete set of efficient, low-cost downhole wireless communication technology based on flow wave control and a corresponding flow wave-controlled separate-layer water injection technology were formed. These technologies have been tested and applied in 17 wells in the Jilin Oilfield, verifying their technical feasibility, accuracy, and reliability, and also successfully addressing long-standing technical challenges such as precise flow rate measurement for multiple downhole zones and simultaneous multi-layer measurement and regulation. This study provides a low-cost solution for the digital transformation of separate-layer water injection development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1125-1139"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148822558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}