Journal of Molecular Histology最新文献

{"title":"Restore intestinal steady-state: new advances in the clinical management of chemotherapy-associated diarrhea and constipation","authors":"Miaoqi Chen,&nbsp;Yamao Li,&nbsp;Peijun Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10367-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10367-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemotherapy remains the primary therapeutic strategy for most tumors, particularly those at advanced stages with distant metastases and resistance to molecularly targeted therapy or immunotherapy. There are many manifestations of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity (CIGT), including chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) and chemotherapy-induced constipation (CIC). Although the World Health Organisation and the International Association Against Cancer have different grading criteria and strategies for the prevention and treatment of CIGT, there are still many unanswered questions that need to be clarified. This review critically describes pathological mechanisms and clinical research, analyzing the variability in diagnostic criteria and the absence of standardization in grading severity. We identify a critical gap in understanding the molecular underpinnings of CID and CIC and suggest targeted areas for future research, including developing personalized treatment approaches based on genetic profiling. The findings suggest a comprehensive treatment approach combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies to enhance life quality and treatment adherence. This review will offer a comprehensive bird-eye of pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic strategies of CIGT, thereby enriching accessible references to clinicians, and helping them to prevent and control CID and CIC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10735-025-10367-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of vincamine against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer by attenuation of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α mRNA expression levels in the gastric mucosa of BALB/c mice","authors":"Hira Imam,&nbsp;Arham Shabbir,&nbsp;Anum Jamil,&nbsp;Adeel Masood Butt,&nbsp;Tabinda Fatima,&nbsp;Esraa M. Haji,&nbsp;Farhan K. Alswailmi,&nbsp;Ali F. Almutairy,&nbsp;Mujeeb Ur Rehman Parrey,&nbsp;Ashfaq Ahmad","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10374-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10374-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vincamine, a monoterpenoid alkaloid, and an active constituent of plant <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> Linn, has been proclaimed for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was designed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of Vincamine by ameliorating gastric ulcer in BALB/c mice. The study was also designed to find the possible mechanism of gastric protection by exploring the impact of Vincamine on gastric pH, acidic content, observing histopathology and molecular expression of inflammatory mediators like Interleukin- β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α) and oxidative stress markers in the gastric tissue. A total number of 36 BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups mainly normal control (NC) treated with normal saline, disease control (DC) treated with high dose of absolute ethanol (5ml/kg) while treatment groups involved pretreatment with low- dose Vincamine (VLD) at 10mg/kg body weight, medium-dose vincamine (VMD) at 20mg/kg body weight and high- dose vincamine (VHD) at 40mg/kg body weight before ethanol high dose administration and reference drug control, omeprazole (OMT) at the dose of 20 mg/kg body weight. Molecular expression levels of mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF- α were evaluated by using reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction method (RT-PCR). Pre-treatment of DC group with low (VLD), medium (VMD) and high doses (VHD) of vincamine improved gastric ulcer score and ameliorated histopathological parameter such as, infiltration of inflammatory cells, edema, fibrinoid necrosis, hemorrhage, and erosion score when compared to DC group. Induction of gastric model significantly increased (all P &lt; 0.05) the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF- α in the gastric tissue when same was compared to normal control group (NC). Pretreatment of DC group with different doses of vincamine (VLD, VMD and VHD) significantly downregulated (all P &lt; 0.05) the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF- α and ameliorated oxidative stress marker MDA and increased antioxidant markers like SOD and GSH in the gastric tissue when same was compared to the DC group. In a nutshell, vincamine provide gastric protection in the BALB/c mice of gastric ulcer group by increasing the gastric pH, attenuated total acidity of the stomach and modulated infiltration of inflammatory cells, edema, fibrinoid necrosis, hemorrhage, and erosion score when compared to the DC group. Furthermore, vincamine possesses antiulcer and gastroprotective activity which may be ascribed to down-regulation the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF- α in the gastric tissue of disease control group. Vincamine also provide gastroprotective role by increasing the concentration of SOD and GSH while decreasing the MDA in gastric tissue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sufentanil on the proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells by regulating the SMAD3/SNAIL signaling pathway","authors":"Fei Zhao,&nbsp;Guiqing Liu,&nbsp;Lijuan Xiong,&nbsp;Liang Yao,&nbsp;Lijun Wang,&nbsp;Zheng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10373-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10373-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To study sufentanil’s effect on the proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cells by modulating the SMAD3/SNAIL signaling pathway. Ovarian cancer A2780 cells were exposed to sufentanil at varying concentrations of 0 ng/mL, 20 ng/mL, 40 ng/mL, 60 ng/mL, 80 ng/mL, and 100 ng/mL. The proliferation of A2780 cells was assessed using the CCK-8 method; A2780 cells were randomly divided into three groups: CON group (normal culture), SUF group (60 ng/mL sufentanil intervention), and SUF + ACA group (60 ng/mL sufentanil and 100 ng/mL activin A intervention). After 48 h of culture, cell migration was evaluated by the scratch assay; Cell invasion was assessed using the Transwell chamber assay; Cell apoptosis was measured via flow cytometry; The growth status of the cells was observed under an optical microscope; The expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, SMAD3, TGF-β, and SNAIL proteins was detected by Western blot. When the concentration of sufentanil was ≥ 20 ng/mL, it dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer A2780 cells; In comparison to the CON group, the number of A2780 cells in the SUF group was significantly reduced, some cells detached, cell migration and invasion abilities, and the expression levels of N-cadherin, SMAD3, TGF-β, and SNAIL proteins decreased, while the apoptosis rate and E-cadherin protein expression levels increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05); In comparison to the SUF group, the growth status of A2780 cells in the SUF + ACA group was good, cell migration and invasion abilities, and the expression levels of N-cadherin, SMAD3, TGF-β, and SNAIL proteins increased, while the apoptosis rate and E-cadherin protein expression levels decreased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Sufentanil may inhibit the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells and promote cell apoptosis by inhibiting the SMAD3/SNAIL signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcellular localization of SARS-CoV-2 E and 3a proteins along the secretory pathway","authors":"Joshua J. Hinkle,&nbsp;Kathleen A. Trychta,&nbsp;Emily S. Wires,&nbsp;Raven M. Osborn,&nbsp;Justin R. Leach,&nbsp;Zoha F. Faraz,&nbsp;Reinis Svarcbahs,&nbsp;Christopher T. Richie,&nbsp;Stephen Dewhurst,&nbsp;Brandon K. Harvey","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10375-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10375-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>SARS-CoV-2 E and 3a proteins are important for the assembly, budding, and release of viral particles. These two transmembrane proteins have been implicated in forming channels in the membrane that allow the transport of ions to favor viral replication. During an active infection, both proteins generally localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), and the Golgi where viral assembly occurs. The ER and Golgi are critical for the proper packaging and trafficking of cellular proteins along the secretory pathways which determine a protein’s final destination inside or outside of the cell. The SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily infects epithelial cells that are highly secretory in nature such as those in the lung and gut. Here we quantified the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 E and 3a proteins along the secretory pathways in a human intestinal epithelial cell line. We used NaturePatternMatch to demonstrate that epitope-tagged E and 3a proteins expressed alone via transient transfection have a similar immunoreactivity pattern as E and 3a proteins expressed by wild-type viral infection. While E and 3a proteins localized with all selected cellular markers to varying degrees, 3a protein displayed a higher correlation coefficient with the Golgi, early/late endosome, lysosome, and plasma membrane when compared to E protein. This work is the first to provide quantification of the subcellular distribution of E and 3a proteins along the multiple components of the secretory pathway and serves as a basis to develop models for examining how E and 3a alter proteostasis within these structures and affect their function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10735-025-10375-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nebivolol attenuates acute systemic inflammation induced testicular dysfunction by decreasing transendothelial migration via VCAM-1/MMP-9 signaling","authors":"Ercan Bas,&nbsp;Halil Asci,&nbsp;Yalcin Erzurumlu,&nbsp;Halil Ibrahim Buyukbayram,&nbsp;Deniz Catakli,&nbsp;Adem Milletsever,&nbsp;Orhan Imeci,&nbsp;Ozlem Ozmen","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10376-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10376-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nebivolol (NB), which is a commonly used β₁ adrenoreceptor blocker, shows protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation-related processes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible protective effects of NB via the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1/matrix metalloproteinases-9 (VCAM-1/MMP-9) signaling pathway on systemic inflammation induced testicular dysfunction. Four groups of 32 male Wistar Albino rats were divided as (<i>n</i> = 8 for each) the control; lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 5 mg/kg on the third day); LPS + NB (NB: 10 mg/kg for three days and 5 mg/kg LPS 30 min following the last NB dose); NB (10 mg/kg for three days). Six hours following the LPS administration, rats were sacrificed, then testicular tissues were collected for evaluating total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels biochemically, VCAM-1 and MMP-9 mRNA expression levels, caspase-3 (cas-3), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expressions by immunohistochemically. Systemic inflammation caused significant increases in TOS and OSI levels, VCAM-1, MMP-9, cas-3, TNF-α expressions, and a decrease of the spermatozoa count compared to the control group. NB administration successfully restored all these changes significantly. Thus, NB can be a protective drug candidate for testicular dysfunction secondary to systemic inflammation with its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of simulated microgravity on dental pulp stem cell stemness","authors":"Huailong Hou,&nbsp;Zhengjun Qiu,&nbsp;Jingyi Che,&nbsp;Yanping Li,&nbsp;Jingxuan Sun,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Jinjie Ma,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang,&nbsp;Mengdi Li,&nbsp;Yumei Niu,&nbsp;Lina He","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10377-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10377-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a subset of tooth-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), demonstrate significant promise in clinical stem cell therapy. However, prolonged in vitro expansion commonly results in compromised stemness, limiting therapeutic efficacy. Thus, maintaining the stemness of DPSCs during expansion and culture is a key challenge for regenerative medicine. In the current study, the impact of simulated microgravity (SMG) on DPSC stemness was investigated using the three-dimensional clinostat Cellspace-3D. After SMG treatment for 3 days, DPSCs demonstrated markedly enhanced replicative activity, proliferation efficiency, self-renewal capacity, and effective inhibition of the senescence process. Under specific differentiation induction conditions, DPSCs in the SMG group exhibited superior osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and neural differentiation potentials. Additionally, DPSCs exhibited higher expression levels of the MSC surface markers Stro-1 and CD146 and stemness maintenance-related genes Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 in the SMG group compared to those from the normal gravity (NG) group. To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms by which SMG influences the stemness of DPSCs, transcriptome sequencing of total RNA was performed, and identified that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are closely associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. Further verification experiments demonstrated that the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway was activated in the SMG group. In conclusion, SMG effectively maintains the stemness of DPSCs cultivated in vitro, and its mechanism of action may be associated with the activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FAM64A regulates the malignant phenotype and tumor microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer by activating the JAK/STAT3/PDL1 axis","authors":"Shuo Shi,&nbsp;Jiahui Han,&nbsp;Qianbiao Wu,&nbsp;Haoqiu Zhong,&nbsp;Binfeng Lei,&nbsp;Yibo Yan","doi":"10.1007/s10735-024-10339-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-024-10339-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a life-threatening disease that still lacks effective targeted treatment. Family with sequence similarity 64, member A (FAM64A) is dysregulated in different malignancies and participates in the cancer progression. To address the role of FAM64A in NSCLC. The FAM64A expression was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) against FAM64A were transfected into A549 and H460 cells. The role of FAM64A in vitro was evaluated by cell counting kit-8, transwell, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence and western blotting. In vivo role of FAM64A was addressed in xenografted mice using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. FAM64A was upregulated in NSCLC that predicted a dismal prognosis for NSCLC patients. Knockdown of FAM64A diminished cell viability, invaded cell numbers, the Vimentin expression and the concentrations of TGF-β and IL-10, but fostered the E-cadherin expression and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, silencing of FAM64A declined the expression of JAK/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway, which was restored with the application of RO8191, an activator of JAK/STAT3 pathway. The inhibitory role of FAM64A knockdown in NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, EMT and immune escape was inverted by the management of RO8191. In vivo, knockdown of FAM64A reduced tumor size and weight, the level of Vimentin and PD-L1, and the expression of JAK/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway, but enhanced the IFN-γ level. Upregulation of FAM64A promoted proliferation, invasion, EMT and immune escape through activating JAK/STAT3/PD-L1 axis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular roles in membrane receptor signaling pathways and cascade reactions in chondrocytes: a review","authors":"Yingkang Zhu,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhu,&nbsp;Xu Wang,&nbsp;Pengbo Wang,&nbsp;Ruiyu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10368-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10368-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Articular cartilage (AC) is a specialized connective tissue with unique biological and mechanical properties, which depends on the biological effects of each resident chondrocyte and its surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) to form a unit that operates in a constant and balanced feedback loop. The surface membrane receptors of chondrocytes play a crucial role in the feedback balance of this biological unit. Various biological signals outside chondrocytes, such as water-soluble chemical signal molecules and mechanical signals, are unable to directly enter the cell and must first bind to the plasma membrane receptors to induce changes in the level and activity of intracellular signal transduction molecules. These changes then transmit through signaling cascade pathways into the nucleus, changing the cell phenotype, and producing physiological or pathological changes. Specific chemical and mechanical signals break the feedback balance of cartilage tissue units through membrane receptors. In the ECM environment, the molecular actions of chondrocyte membrane receptors in response to these specific signals, along with associated ion channel receptors, collectively regulate the biological effects of chondrocytes. This leads to decreased chondrocyte survival and an imbalance in ECM regulation, ultimately disrupting the tissue’s molecular framework and physiological feedback mechanisms, and resulting in pathological changes in cartilage tissue. To provide insights into addressing the complexities associated with cartilage tissue injury and repair engineering, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms and biological implications of chondrocyte membrane receptor-mediated signal transduction, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), enzyme-linked receptors (tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs)), and integrin receptors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dalbergiella welwitschi alkaloid-rich leaf extracts on testicular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","authors":"B. O. Ajiboye,&nbsp;F. I. Ayemoni,&nbsp;C. D. Famusiwa,&nbsp;O. E. Lawal,&nbsp;J. A. Falode,&nbsp;S. A. Onikanni,&nbsp;M. F. Akhtar,&nbsp;S. Gupta,&nbsp;B. E. Oyinloye","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10366-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10366-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting young and old, even though it can be managed with orthodox medicine, which has a series of side effects. Therefore, <i>Dalbergiella welwitschi</i> is one of the medicinal plants that is commonly used for the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Hence, this study was designed to assess the testicular-protective ability of alkaloid-rich leaf extract of <i>D. welwitschi</i> in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats <i>D. welwitshii</i> leaf alkaloid-rich extract was obtained using standard procedure. Streptozotocin was injected into the experimental animals intraperitoneally at a dose of 45 mg/kg body weight to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prior to this, the animals were given 20% (w/v) fructose for one week. Thus, the animals were grouped into five (n = 8), comprising of un-induced rats (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats treated with low (50 mg/kg body weight) and high (100 mg/kg body weight) doses of <i>D. welwitschi</i> alkaloid-rich leaf extracts (i.e., DWL and DWH respectively) and 200 mg/kg body weight dose of metformin (MET). The animals were sacrificed on the 21st day, blood and testis were harvested and used for the determination of ions (Fe, Cu and Zn), sialic acid, some hormones (testosterone, luteinizing and follicle stimulating), oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde<b> (</b>MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH)] as well as histological examination. In addition, the results show that diabetic rats placed on DWL, and DWH significantly (p &lt; 0.05) decreased ion levels (Fe, Cu and Zn) and ameliorated oxidative stress biomarkers such as MDA, SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, and GSH. These were supported by the histological examination by improving testicular-protective effects in diabetic rats administered DWL, and DWH. Therefore, it is that assume that the alkaloid-rich leaf extracts of <i>D. welwitschi</i> may offer potential benefits in the treatment of diabetic testicular dysfunction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the anti-diabetic properties of camel milk: effects on blood glucose, antioxidant defense, and organ histo-morphological features in rabbits","authors":"Muhammad Asif Arain,&nbsp;Gul Bahar Khaskheli,&nbsp;Ghulam Shabir Barham,&nbsp;Qurban Ali Shah,&nbsp;Fazul Nabi,&nbsp;Mikhlid H. Almutairi,&nbsp;Bader O. Almutairi,&nbsp;Illahi Bakhash Marghazani","doi":"10.1007/s10735-025-10371-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10735-025-10371-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Camel milk (CM) has acquired substantial consideration in contemporary years owing to its potential prospective pharmaceutical benefits besides nutritional properties. As, CM retain inimitable composition and attain sophisticated concentration of bioactive compounds, thus helps in regulation of blood glucose level, and improves insulin sensitivity. Contemporary study intends to explore anti-diabetic inflictions of CM, besides body weight, blood profile, antioxidant defense and organ integrity in diabetic rabbits. To achieve this, a total of 36 rabbits was randomly alienated into six equal groups (<i>N</i> = 6), such as control, control + camel milk, diabetic control, insulin treated, camel milk treated, and CM + insulin. Diabetes was induced by injecting STZ (50-mg/kg). The diabetic rabbits were treated either with CM (100 ml/rabbit/day), or insulin (6 unit/kg/day) and their combination (CM-30 ml + insulin 3-unit/day) for 42 days. Body weight, blood glucose level and hematological indices were measured weekly. Reduced body weight, elevated blood glucose level and altered hematological indices were noticed in diabetes induced rabbits. On the contrary, improved weight gain, glycemic level, anti-oxidant defense and blood chemistry were noticed in groups treated with camel milk individually and insulin; conversely, non-significant changes were seen in CM + insulin treated group. Diabetic control group revealed gross-pathological changes in liver, kidney, intestine and pancreas. CM and insulin augmented organ integrity and stability. Convincingly, these outcomes strongly indicate therapeutic potential of CM that regulated hyperglycemic condition and mitigated the negative impact of diabetes in organ histomorphology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Histology","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}