{"title":"Graph realization of sets of integers","authors":"Piotr Wawrzyniak, Piotr Formanowicz","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01642-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01642-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graph theory is used in many areas of chemical sciences, especially in molecular chemistry. It is particularly useful in the structural analysis of chemical compounds and in modeling chemical reactions. One of its applications concerns determining the structural formula of a chemical compound. This can be modeled as a variant of the well-known graph realization problem. In the classical version of the problem, a sequence of natural numbers is given, and the question is whether there exists a graph in which the vertices have degrees equal to the given numbers. In the variant considered in this paper, instead of a sequence of natural numbers, a sequence of sets of natural numbers is given, and the question is whether there exists a multigraph such that each of its vertices has a degree equal to a number from one of the sets. This variant of the graph realization problem matches the nature of the problem of determining the structural formula of a chemical compound better than other variants considered in the literature. We propose a polynomial time exact algorithm solving this variant of the problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1965 - 1981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10910-024-01642-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141521894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A parameter-uniform hybrid scheme designed for multi-point boundary value problems that are perturbed","authors":"Parvin Kumari, Devendra Kumar, Jesus Vigo-Aguiar","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01639-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01639-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The numerical solution of a class of second-order singularly perturbed three-point boundary value problems (BVPs) in 1D is achieved using a uniformly convergent, stable, and efficient difference method on a piecewise-uniform mesh. The presence of a boundary layer(s) on one (or both) of the interval’s endpoints is caused by the presence of the tiny parameter in the highest order derivative. As the perturbation parameter approaches 0, traditional numerical techniques on the uniform mesh become insufficient, resulting in poor accuracy and large blows without the use of an excessive number of points. Specially customised techniques, such as fitted operator methods or methods linked to adapted or fitted meshes that solve essential characteristics such as boundary and/or inner layers, are necessary to overcome this drawback. We developed a fitted-mesh technique in this paper that works for all perturbation parameter values. The monotone hybrid technique, which includes midway upwinding in the outer area and centre differencing in the layer region on a fitted-mesh condensing in the border layer region, is the basis for our difference scheme. In a discrete <span>(L^infty )</span> norm, uniform error estimates are constructed, and the technique is demonstrated to be parameter-uniform convergent of order two (up to a logarithmic factor). To show the effectiveness of the recommended technique and to corroborate the theoretical findings, a numerical example is presented. In practise, the convergence obtained matches the theoretical expectations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1982 - 2006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141521896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linearized Boltzmann collision operator for a mixture of monatomic and polyatomic chemically reacting species","authors":"Niclas Bernhoff","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01633-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01633-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At higher altitudes near space shuttles moving at hypersonic speed the air is excited to high temperatures. Then not only mechanical collisions are affecting the gas flow, but also chemical reactions have an impact on such hypersonic flows. In this work we insert chemical reactions, in form of dissociations and associations, in a model for a mixture of mono- and polyatomic (non-reacting) species. More general chemical reactions, e.g., bimolecular ones, can be obtained by instant combinations of the considered reactions. Polyatomicity is here modelled by a continuous internal energy variable and the evolution of the gas is described by a Boltzmann equation. In the Chapman-Enskog process—and related half-space problems—the linearized Boltzmann collision operator plays a central role. Here we extend some important properties of the linearized operator to the considered model with chemical reactions. A compactness result, that the linearized operator can be decomposed into a sum of a positive multiplication operator—the collision frequency—and a compact integral operator, is obtained. The terms of the integral operator are shown to be (at least) uniform limits of Hilbert-Schmidt integral operators and, thereby, compact operators. Self-adjointness of the linearized operator follows as a direct consequence. Also, bounds on—including coercivity of—the collision frequency is obtained for hard sphere, as well as hard potentials with cutoff, like models. As consequence, Fredholmness as well as the domain of the linearized operator are obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1935 - 1964"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10910-024-01633-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical investigation of two fractional operators for time fractional delay differential equation","authors":"Reetika Chawla, Devendra Kumar, Dumitru Baleanu","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01637-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01637-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article compared two high-order numerical schemes for convection-diffusion delay differential equation via two fractional operators with singular kernels. The objective is to present two effective schemes that give <span>((3-alpha ))</span> and second order of accuracy in the time direction when <span>(alpha in (0,1))</span> using Caputo and Modified Atangana-Baleanu Caputo derivatives, respectively. We also implemented a trigonometric spline technique in the space direction, giving second order of accuracy. Moreover, meticulous analysis shows these numerical schemes to be unconditionally stable and convergent. The efficiency and reliability of these schemes are illustrated by numerical experiments. The tabulated results obtained from test examples have also shown the comparison of these operators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1912 - 1934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141521895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamical behavior of a classical stochastic delayed chemostat model","authors":"Xiaofeng Zhang, Shulin Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01632-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01632-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we formulate a classical stochastic delayed chemostat model and verify that this model has a unique global positive solution. Furthermore, we investigate the dynamical behavior of this solution. We find that the solution of stochastic delayed system will oscillate around the equilibriums of the corresponding deterministic delayed model, moreover, analytical findings reveal that time delay has very significant effects on the extinction and persistence of the microorganism, that is to say, when the time delay is smaller, microorganism will be persistent; when the time delay is larger, microorganism will be extinct. Finally, computer simulations are carried out to illustrate the obtained results. In addition, we can also find by the computer simulation that larger noise may lead to microorganism become extinct, although microorganism is persistent in the deterministic delayed system when the time delay is smaller.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1890 - 1911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of an almost second-order parameter-robust numerical technique for a weakly coupled system of singularly perturbed convection-diffusion equations","authors":"S. Chandra Sekhara Rao, Varsha Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01634-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01634-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a parameter-robust finite difference method for solving a system of weakly coupled singularly perturbed convection-diffusion equations. The diffusion coefficient of each equation is a small distinct positive parameter. Due to this, the solution to the system has, in general, overlapping boundary layers. The problem is discretized using a particular combination of a compact second-order difference scheme and a central difference scheme on a piecewise-uniform Shishkin mesh. The convergence analysis is given, and the method is shown to have almost second-order uniform convergence in the maximum norm with respect to the perturbation parameters. The results of numerical experiments are in agreement with the theoretical outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1834 - 1859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An effective multistep fourteenth-order phase-fitting approach to solving chemistry problems","authors":"Hui Huang, Cheng Liu, Chia-Liang Lin, T. E. Simos","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01628-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01628-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Applying a phase-fitting method might potentially vanish the phase-lag and its first derivative. Improving algebraic order (<i>AOR</i>) and decreasing function evaluations (<i>FEvs</i>) are the goals of the new strategy called the <b>cost-efficient approach</b>. Equation <i>PF</i>2<i>DPHFITN</i>142<i>SPS</i> demonstrates the unique method. The suggested approach is <b>P-Stable</b>, meaning it is indefinitely periodic. The proposed method is applicable to a wide variety of periodic and/or oscillatory issues. The challenging problem of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations was solved in quantum chemistry by using this novel approach. Since the new method only needs 5<i>FEvs</i> to run each stage, it may be considered a <i>cost-efficient approach</i>. With an AOR of 14, we can significantly improve our present predicament.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1860 - 1889"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masho Jima Kabeto, Tesfaye Aga Bullo, Habtamu Garoma Debela, Gemadi Roba Kusi, Sisay Dibaba Robi
{"title":"Efficient computational method for singularly perturbed Burger-Huxley equations","authors":"Masho Jima Kabeto, Tesfaye Aga Bullo, Habtamu Garoma Debela, Gemadi Roba Kusi, Sisay Dibaba Robi","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01627-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01627-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper focuses on an efficient computational method for solving the singularly perturbed Burger-Huxley equations. The difficulties encountered in solving this problem come from the nonlinearity term. The quasilinearization technique linearizes the nonlinear term in the differential equation. The finite difference approximation is formulated to approximate the derivatives in the differential equations and then accelerate its rate of convergence to improve the accuracy of the solution. The stability and consistency analysis were investigated to guarantee the convergence analysis of the formulated method. Numerical examples are considered for numerical illustrations. Numerical experiments were conducted to sustain the theoretical results and to show that the proposed method produces a more correct solution than some surviving methods in the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1822 - 1833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An efficient numerical algorithm for solving linear systems with cyclic tridiagonal coefficient matrices","authors":"Ji-Teng Jia, Fu-Rong Wang, Rong Xie, Yi-Fan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01631-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01631-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present paper, we mainly consider the direct solution of cyclic tridiagonal linear systems. By using the specific low-rank and Toeplitz-like structure, we derive a structure-preserving factorization of the coefficient matrix. Based on the combination of such matrix factorization and Sherman–Morrison–Woodbury formula, we then propose a cost-efficient algorithm for numerically solving cyclic tridiagonal linear systems, which requires less memory storage and data transmission. Furthermore, we show that the structure-preserving matrix factorization can provide us with an explicit formula for <i>n</i>-th order cyclic tridiagonal determinants. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of our algorithm. All of the experiments are performed on a computer with the aid of programs written in MATLAB.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1808 - 1821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141369602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The use of a multistep, cost-efficient fourteenth-order phase-fitting method to chemistry problems","authors":"Rong Xu, Bin Sun, Chia-Liang Lin, T. E. Simos","doi":"10.1007/s10910-024-01623-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10910-024-01623-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Applying a phase-fitting method might potentially vanish the phase-lag and its first derivative. Improving algebraic order (<i>AOR</i>) and decreasing function evaluations (<i>FEvs</i>) are the goals of the new strategy called the <b>cost-efficient approach</b>. Equation <i>PF</i>1<i>DPHFITN</i>142<i>SPS</i> demonstrates the unique method. The suggested approach is <b>P-Stable</b>, meaning it is indefinitely periodic. The proposed method is applicable to a wide variety of periodic and/or oscillatory issues. The challenging problem of Schrödinger-type coupled differential equations was solved in quantum chemistry by using this novel approach. Since the new method only needs 5<i>FEvs</i> to run each stage, it may be considered a <i>cost-efficient approach</i>. With an AOR of 14, we can significantly improve our present predicament.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","volume":"62 8","pages":"1781 - 1807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}