自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.3.G

Irene Carter

{"title":"A Consideration of Ambivalence and Advocacy in Self Help: The Case of Autism","authors":"Irene Carter","doi":"10.2190/SH.4.3.G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.4.3.G","url":null,"abstract":"Self-help groups contribute to social welfare by providing continuing support to their members and through proposing changes in social policy. Society also benefits from self-help groups that create community initiatives to help meet the needs of children with disabilities. In a study of 22 parental advocates involved in self-help groups for autism, it was found that participants developed ambivalence about membership when they experienced incongruence between individual and group goals. Although many members felt personally empowered as a result of membership, they expressed frustration about wanting to advocate for needed interventions and services. Disappointment resulted in ambivalence about membership and reduced participation. Participants identified the need for self-help groups to preserve a clearer group focus that would meet both therapeutic and social action needs. These findings suggest that social workers need training on how to avoid creating a situation of disempowerment while trying to promote individual and collective empowerment. Historically, parents involved in self-help groups for autism were interested in accessing information and services that could help their disabled children. Autism is one of the most common and severe developmental disorders (Chakrabarti & Fombonne, 2005). Autistic symptoms include difficulties with social interaction and communication, and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior in “(1) social interaction, (2) language or (3) symbolic or imaginative","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"40 1","pages":"271-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86330820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

"Learning from ‘Those Who Have Been There’: Gathering Comfort and Hope from Self-Help Support Groups" Conference Presentations for Bereaved 9/11 Families “向‘亲历者’学习:从自助支持团体中获得安慰和希望”9/11遇难者家属会议演讲

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.1-2.L

E. Madara

引用次数: 0

An Assessment of Welfare Recipients' Abilities to Meet Employers' Demands: Can Self-Sufficiency Be Achieved Under TANF? 福利接受者满足雇主需求的能力评估:在TANF下能否实现自给自足?

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.3.F

I. Montoya

{"title":"An Assessment of Welfare Recipients' Abilities to Meet Employers' Demands: Can Self-Sufficiency Be Achieved Under TANF?","authors":"I. Montoya","doi":"10.2190/SH.4.3.F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.4.3.F","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine the potential effectiveness of Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF) in achieving the goals of selfsufficiency through “work first” initiatives. A sample of 252 female TANF recipients was interviewed every 4 months for 1 year. Cluster analysis was used to group recipients by critical labor market variables including education, knowledge, skills, abilities (KSAs), and substance abuse. Results revealed 2 groups of recipients, 1 with significantly higher levels of education and KSAs and lower levels of substance use. The cluster with less desirable employment qualifications exhibited significantly lower employment levels. “Work first” is a successful strategy for some recipients, but for many it is an unrealistic goal. Other strategies must be developed to address the many problems that a significant portion of recipients experience. Throughout history, society has continuously struggled with the daunting task of designing social programs that provide sufficient assistance for the socioeconomically disadvantaged. In retrospect, the U.S. welfare system began with the *Support for this research was provided by grant DA 11414 to the Investigator from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"96 1","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80689600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Setting Level Characteristics in Consumer-Run Organizations that Enhance Member Outcomes 在提高成员成果的消费者运营组织中设置级别特征

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.1-2.J

Crystal A. Reinhart, G. Meissen, S. Wituk, M. Shepherd

引用次数: 6

The Effects of Twelve-Step Participation on Social Support: A Longitudinal Investigation within a Recovery Home Sample 十二步参与对社会支持的影响:一个康复之家样本的纵向调查

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.3.E

David R. Groh, L. Jason, J. Ferrari, Jane A. Halpert

引用次数: 3

CURVES : The Creative Abode of Vibrant Science 曲线:充满活力的科学的创造性住所

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.3.A

Deborah A. Davis

{"title":"CURVES : The Creative Abode of Vibrant Science","authors":"Deborah A. Davis","doi":"10.2190/SH.4.3.A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.4.3.A","url":null,"abstract":"To have a better understanding of helping the self and self care, a better understanding of our culturally situated knowledge of science is proposed and elaborated upon. Not only is science a culturally situated knowledge and rule-governed form of story-telling, where “facts” are actually “artifacts,” it is also a re-presentation of all of the more or less developed human perceptive and epistemic practices—sensory body-knowing, story-telling/ singing, valuing, imaging, conceptualizing, and theorizing—the habits of mind of each, particular scientist. Conventional Western habits of mind, especially, are reductionist, compartmentalized, and frozen by beliefs—all of which pollute clarity. Science will be coherent and vibrantly whole when the perceptions of more scientists become unfettered by false assumptions such as: the universe is made of matter, life forms are machines made out of matter, evolution is based on competition rather than cooperation, and scientific research is best guided by patriarchal politics and economics. When accurately perceived, science will be more consonant with a poetry that is ultimately beyond what theories can portray. Beginning with a democratic model of the heart—the heart as anatomy as well as the core of *Revision of: TOWARDS AN ECOLOGY OF KNOWING: Knowing-Through-the-Heart, Root Epistemologies, and Imagination, presented at the Second Feminist Epistemologies, Methodologies, Metaphysics, and Science Studies Conference, “Knowledge That Matters,” Arizona State University, February 2007.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"17 1","pages":"175-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84183566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Member Characteristics of Consumer Run Organizations and Service Utilization Patterns 消费者运行组织的成员特征和服务利用模式

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.3.D

Todd P. Shagott, Chi C. Vu, Crystal A. Reinhart, S. Wituk, G. Meissen

引用次数: 4

Psychological Functioning of Out-of-Treatment Drug Users 戒毒人员的心理功能

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.1-2.D

I. Montoya

{"title":"Psychological Functioning of Out-of-Treatment Drug Users","authors":"I. Montoya","doi":"10.2190/SH.4.1-2.D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.4.1-2.D","url":null,"abstract":"Co-occurrence of drug use and psychological disorders is prevalent in both clinical and population-based samples. Severity of drug use, including injection drug use, polydrug use, and frequency of drug use, may have negative consequences for psychological treatment outcomes. The current research examines the psychological functioning of 224 out-of-treatment drug users and demographically matched nonusers using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Results indicate that drug users are more psychologically impaired than nonusers on all 9 dimensions of the BSI. Comparisons of injectors to noninjectors and polydrug users to single-drug users reveal few differences. However, in examining the frequency of drug use, chronic drug users score higher on 7 of the 9 BSI dimensions. Our findings imply injection and polydrug use do not have as much effect on psychological functioning as compared with frequency of drug use. Drug users, frequently characterized as exhibiting low self-esteem and achievement orientation, learned incompetence, negative outlooks, and heightened stress, are more likely to exhibit psychological dysfunction than are nonusers (Chein, Gerard, Lee, & Rosenfeld, 1964; Lang, 1983). The co-occurrence of substance use and psychiatric disorders is very common, with reported prevalence rates ranging anywhere from 21% to 65% in both clinical samples (Breakey, Calabrese, Rosenblatt, & Crum, 1998; Lin, Bai, Hu, & Yeh, 1998) and population-based studies (Kessler et al., 1994, 1996; Regier et al., 1990). Research has found","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"1 1","pages":"37-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80889535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anxiety Symptoms and Alcohol Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of Length of Time in Mutual Help Recovery Homes 焦虑症状与酒精使用:互助康复之家时间长度的纵向分析

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.1-2.C

D. Aase, L. Jason, J. Ferrari, David R. Groh, J. Alvarez, Bradley Olson, Margaret I. Davis

引用次数: 11

Positioning in a Support Group for Spouses of Persons with Dementia 痴呆患者配偶支持小组的定位

自我保健 Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2190/SH.4.1-2.I

M. A. Golden, D. Lund

{"title":"Positioning in a Support Group for Spouses of Persons with Dementia","authors":"M. A. Golden, D. Lund","doi":"10.2190/SH.4.1-2.I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.4.1-2.I","url":null,"abstract":"The overwhelming nature of caregiving for a person with dementia leads many caregivers to join a support group. Support group conversations shape how members understand their circumstances and themselves. Patterns of support group conversations may facilitate ways of thinking of oneself as a caregiver that ease negative impacts of caregiving. Guided by positioning theory, this participant observation case study examines how spouse caregivers of persons with dementia are positioned in patterns of support group conversations. Five patterns of conversations are identified—change, continuity, negative impacts, management, and caring for oneself. Through these five patterns of conversations, dementing spouses and their caregivers are constructed as objective/subjective dualities. The implications of this duality for caregivers and support groups are discussed. Caregiving is becoming a common experience in the United States—an estimated 44.4 million persons provide help to adult relatives and friends (Link, Dize, Folkemer, & Curran, 2006). These numbers will increase markedly over the next two decades with approximately 8,000 baby boomers turning 60 every day (U.S. Census Bureau, 2007). Further, between the years 2000 and 2050 there will be an increase in the 85 and older population from 4.3 million to 20.9 million","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"16 1","pages":"121-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89446049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

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