Journal of Nutritional Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Protein Supplementation for the Prevention and Management of Sarcopenia in the Elderly","authors":"Na Li, J. Wang, Zongliang Lu, Mingxing Zhu, Hong-xia Xu, Jie Liu","doi":"10.34175/JNO201902004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/JNO201902004","url":null,"abstract":"Correspondence author: Jie Liu, Dietician, MPH, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Changjiangzhilu 10, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China: Tel: +86 23 6875 7668; Email: dbdnajie@qq.com Introduction Skeletal muscle loss, sarcopenia, occurs in patients with a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, such as chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), malignancy and so on, as well as during the natural aging process [1,2]. Sarcopenia mainly manifests as a reduced skeletal muscle mass, decreased muscle strength, and decreased quality of life [3]. Research has shown that the muscle mass, strength and physical function of the elderly are closely related to nutrition, which means that nutrition plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. However, it has been estimated that 15% to 38% of older men and 27% to 41% of older women do not reach the recommended protein intake [4]. Taking in sufficient energy and protein, combined with active exercise, are effective methods for preventing and managing muscle loss [5,6]. The main purpose of the present article is to discuss the key role of protein supplementation for the prevention and management of sarcopenia, especially in the elderly.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69824573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Four Different Diets on Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"Yu Zhang, Weijie Gao, Xia Li, Yuantao Liu, Xiangdong Wang","doi":"10.34175/jno201904006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno201904006","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives To evaluate the effects of different diets on the risk of metabolic syndrome. or a high-fat with cholesterol diet (HF+CHO), and the changes in body weight, insulin sensitivity and blood biochemical parameters were examined. Results The HF and HF+CHO diets resulted in an increase in body insulin resistance, high blood TG, high blood cholesterol and high blood LDL, with the HF+CHO resulting in larger changes than the HF diet. Furthermore, the HF+CHO diet led to a decrease in HDL, making it the most dangerous diet. However, the HF+HP diet also led to increased blood sugar and some insulin resistance. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the levels of fat and cholesterol should be carefully considered in future diet formulations for patients with or at risk of metabolic syndrome. A high protein diet may reduce the risk of insulin resistance and serum lipid level elevation, but its effects on kidney function remain unknown.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69825324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α in Regulating Hepatic Differentiation and the Inflammatory Response in HCC","authors":"Wen-Li Zhou, Zhan Wang, M. Miao, Y. Zang","doi":"10.34175/JNO201903003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/JNO201903003","url":null,"abstract":"Wen Li Zhou and Zhan Wang made an equal contribution to this paper. Corresponding authors: Wen Li Zhou, MD, PhD, Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200070, China; Tel:+86 216 654 0109; Email: doctorwinly@126. com; Yuan sheng Zang, MD, PhD, Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200070, China; Tel:+86 216 654 0109; Email: doctorzangys@163.com Introduction According to the cancer statistics released by the National Cancer Center in 2018, the annual incidence of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China was 466,000, accounting for about 55% of the global cases of the disease [1]. Surgical resection can be effective for the treatment of HCC, but most patients already have local dissemination or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, limiting the efficacy of surgery. Although there are several some other options for the treatment, they have limited benefit. For example, the overall survival (OS) in one study of patients treated with sorafenib for HCC compared with placebo was 10.7 vs 7.9 months [2]. In another phase 3 trial done at 152 sites in 21 countries, the median survival for patients treated with regorafenib following progression on sorafenib was increased by 2.8 months (10.6 vs 7.8) compared with the placebo control group [3]. The median OS of the commonly-used chemotherapy regimen, FOLFOX4, was only 6.4 months [4]. These studies demonstrate that the efficacy of targeted cancer therapies and chemotherapy for advanced HCC is relatively limited. In recent years, the research and application of immunological checkpoint therapy has been increasing exponentially, but more work is necessary to make these approaches more effective. These shed the light on hunting for alternative therapeutic strategies. Based on the biology of tumors, especially from the studies of pathways capable of controlling cell fate programs, induced differentiation strategies have been developed as a novel strategy. Poor differentiation is an important hallmark of cancer cells. It has been increasingly recognized that liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are responsible for the carcinogenesis, recurrence and metastasis in HCC. The induced differentiation of LCSCs represents a new idea for the treatment of HCC. In addition, based on an analysis of whole-gene expression, it has been reported that the activation of embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like transcription is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma and strongly predicts early recurrence and metastasis [5-7]. These stem cells and stem celllike patterns of gene expression represent new target for HCC therapy. Many studies have suggested that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF 4α) is a promising target for inducing hepatic differentiation as a treatment for HCC. We herein review the roles of HNF 4α in regulating hepatic metabolism and the inflammatory response, aiming to provide some ideas on induced hepatic differentiation ther","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69825018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutamine Metabolism: A New Target Pathway for PET Imaging and Cancer Therapy","authors":"Chunlei Han","doi":"10.34175/JNO201902001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/JNO201902001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69824306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate Analysis of Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"Cai Li, X. Gu, L. Qian, Yu Liu, J. Cui","doi":"10.34175/JNO201902006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/JNO201902006","url":null,"abstract":": Objective Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant digestive system tumor. The prognosis of pancreatic cancer may be affected by many factors. But there is a lack of research on the multivariate analysis of prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to explore the factors that multivariate influence the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic medical record database from The First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2014 to December 2016. Clinical information, such as TNM stage, serum tumor markers, serum albumin and the patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA), were collected. Ka-plan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate. The survival curve was compared with the Log-rank test. A multivariate analysis was performed for each prognostic factor using the Cox proportional hazards model. The significance level was 0.05. Results 1. The median overall survival time (OS) of 493 patients was 10 months. The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 41.5%, 20.6%, and 9.9%, respectively. Univariate survival analysis revealed that TNM stage ( P < 0.001), treatment regimen ( P < 0.001), CA125 ( P < 0.001), the level of serum albumin ( P = 0.014), and nutritional status ( P = 0.006) were significantly correlated with prognosis of pancreatic cancer. COX proportional hazards regression model showed that TNM stage ( P = 0.038), Carbonhydrate antigen 125 (CA125) ( P = 0.003) and the level of serum albumin were independent factors affecting the median OS. The prognosis of patients with Ⅳ stage, elevated levels of serum albumin group and elevated levels of CA125 group were poor. 2. Seventy-three patients with pancreatic cancer underwent surgical resection. The median postoperative survival time was 28 months. The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 74.4%, 47.7%, and 21.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that TNM stage ( P = 0.032), pathological type ( P = 0.012), hypoglycemia ( P = 0.040), CA125 ( P < 0.001), were significant ly correlated with prognosis of pancreatic cancer. COX proportional hazards regression model showed that TNM stage ( P = 0.008), pathological type ( P = 0.045) and CA125 ( P = 0.017), were independent prognostic factors after resection of pancreatic cancer. The prognosis of patients with advanced stage, non-ductal adenocarcinoma and elevated levels of CA125 group was poor. Conclusions 1. TNM stage, CA125 and serum albumin are independent prognostic factors for the overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. 2. TNM stage, pathological type, and CA125 are independent prognostic factors for the postoperative survival time in patients with pancreatic cancer after resection.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69824708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a Low Preoperative Body Mass Index on the Postoperative Complications and Overall Survival of \u0000Gastric Cancer Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Huan Wang, ChengYu Mao, Jing Deng, Xi Jin, N. Xu","doi":"10.34175/jno201904003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno201904003","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding author: Nong Xu, MD, Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, No.79, Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China, Tel: 0571 8723 5896; Email: nongxu@zju.edu.cn. Introduction Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality [1]. It has been reported that preoperative malnutrition or a poor nutritional status are present in about 80% of patients with advanced gastric cancer [2]. Most underweight patients experience symptoms such as depression, apositia, hyperthyroidism, intestinal malabsorption and age-related muscle loss. Tumor growth can induce systemic inflammation and comorbid diseases, which may lead to excessive nutritional consumption [3]. It is well known that obesity is related to various diseases, including the risk of cancer. However, the risks associated with obesity are overemphasized, while ignoring the impact of underweight. Many studies have found an adverse influence of a low body mass index (BMI) on patients with gastric cancer [4,5]. Some researchers found that a low BMI in patients with gastric cancer was associated with a high risk of postoperative complications and overall survival (OS) [4,6-8]. However, others found no association [9-13]. In view of the contradictory conclusions, we performed a meta-analysis and tried to provide a more precise estimate of the association between a low preoperative BMI and the development of postoperative complications, as well as the long-term survival of gastric cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69825190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of a Formula Food for Preventing Postoperative Recurrence in a Tumor Dormancy Model","authors":"Jie Zhang, Zhenfei Chen, M. Miao, Hanbo Shi","doi":"10.34175/jno201904004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno201904004","url":null,"abstract":": Objective To establish a lung cancer dormancy mouse model and verify the effects of Wushen (WS), a formula food, on postoperative recurrence. Methods We established a Lewis cell tumor dormancy model system that definitively links surgery and the subsequent wound-healing response to the outgrowth of lung cancer cells. We used this model to observe the effects of WS on the postoperative recurrence and the nutritional status of the mice. Finally, the immunocyte subtypes and cytokine levels in the serum and spleens of mice were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. Results The recurrence rate in the WS group was obviously lower than that in the control group. Wushen increased the body weights and serum albumin levels of the mice. The levels of NK, Gr1 + CD11b + CD3 + CD8 + and CD3 + CD4 + T cells in the spleens of mice in the WS group were also increased. Compared with the control group, the levels of CD4 + IFN-γ + , CD4 + IL-2 and CD4 + /IL-10 + in the spleens of mice in the WS group were decreased. Wushen also seemed to decrease the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, but the decrease was not significant. Conclusion The postoperative lung cancer recurrence model was successfully established. Wushen inhibited postoperative recurrence, apparently by regulating the level of immune cell subtypes and cytokines in the serum and spleen.","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69825200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Consumption Promotes the Invasion and Proliferation of Gastric Cancer","authors":"Jie Ding, Hao Wang, X. Kang, Feng Wang, Hong Chen, Min Feng, Wenfang Guan","doi":"10.34175/jno201904005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno201904005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69825280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distress Assessment and Response Systems in Patients With Cancer Pain","authors":"Hong Wei Li, Guang Yang, Xiao Hui Ma, Dong Sheng Xu, Ling Ling Zhao, Jiu Wei Cui, Nan-Ya Wang","doi":"10.34175/jno201903005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno201903005","url":null,"abstract":"Hong Wei Li and Guang Yang are contributed equally to this work. Corresponding author: Professor Nan Ya Wang, PhD, Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Jilin, Changchun, 130021 China; Tel: +86 158 043","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69824690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting the Quality of Life in Esophageal Cancer Patients","authors":"Dan Wang, Yujia Wei, H. Du, Ying Xie, B. Luo, Huanyu Hu, Hong-xia Xu, Chun-Hua Song, Hanbo Shi","doi":"10.34175/jno201903006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34175/jno201903006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":64349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69824771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}