生物医学工程(英文)最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Argon Inert Gas on the Laser Welding Quality of Co-Cr and Ni-Cr Base Metal Alloys","authors":"Sklavou Efthymia, Poulis A Nikolas, Prombonas Anthony","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2021.1412038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2021.1412038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alveolar Ridge Preservation Utilizing Composite (Bioceramics/Collagen) Graft: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Assessment in a Randomized Split-Mouth Controlled Trial","authors":"Khalil Yosouf, O. Heshmeh, K. Darwich","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.142007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.142007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The vast percentage of the alveolar bone resorption process happens within the first 12 to 24 weeks post extraction; however, this phenomenon is chronic, and the alveolar ridge continues to resorb. In order to prevent this reduction or at least recompense the loss of bone dimensions, the alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) technique was developed. Objectives: This research studied the vertical and horizontal bone dimensional changes as a result of non-molar teeth extraction alone against extraction with alveolar ridge preservation utilizing composite (bioceramics/collagen) graft by cone-beam computed tomography radiographies analyses. Material and Methods: This research was a randomized split-mouth controlled trial. 12 patients need extraction of the maxillary non-molar teeth were enrolled and allocated into 2 groups. 12 sockets after atraumatic extraction were filled with a composite graft in the role of the test group, 12 sockets left to unassisted healing after atraumatic extraction without any graft materials in the role of the control group. Two CBCT radiographs were taken at baseline and at 4 months after extraction for comparison. Both vertical and horizontal resorptions of the alveolar ridge were analyzed between test and control group by CBCT radiographs. Results: 4 months after extraction, there was a mean of vertical alveolar bone resorption compared with the baseline (0.56 ± 0.15 mm) in the test group and (1.47 ± 0.30 mm) in the control group. Whereas it was a mean of horizontal alveolar bone resorption compared with the baseline (0.90 ± 0.16 mm) in the test group and (2.26 ± 0.30 mm) in the control group. Therefore, there was a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this research, we demonstrated that the osteogen-plug technique significantly decreased the reduction of the bone dimensional in comparison to the tooth extraction alone, and showed that the dimensional change of the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction was minimized by using an osteogen-plug.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Implant Size and Success Rate in Computer Guided Implant Surgery","authors":"M. Younis, R. A. Hantash","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1312024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1312024","url":null,"abstract":"The authors would like to thank Dr Haitham Al-Alami and Prof. Mahmoud Al-Omiri for their kind \u0000contribution in this study.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"13 1","pages":"267-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42905555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple, Reliable Isolation, Purification and Cultivation of Murine Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Endothelial Cells","authors":"Jianjie Wang, J. Harvey, R. Garrad, V. Huxley, L. Erb, G. Weisman","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1312026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1312026","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Microvascular dysfunction in skeletal muscle is involved in metabolic and vascular diseases. Microvascular endothelial cells (MEC) are poorly characterized in the progression of associated diseases in part due to lack of availability of MEC from various animal models. The objective was to provide a fast, simple, and efficient method to isolate murine MEC derived from skeletal muscle. Methods: Dissected abdominal skeletal muscles from C57BL/6J mice at 8 - 12 weeks of age were enzymatically dissociated. MEC were isolated using a modified two-step Dynabeads™-based purification method. With a combination of Dynabeads™ - Griffonia simplicifolia lectin-I and Dynabeads™ - monoclonal antibody against CD31/PECAM-1, MEC were isolated and purified twice followed by cultivation. Results: Isolated and purified cells were viable and cultured. MEC were characterized by using immunofluorescence to identify CD31/PECAM-1, an EC marker, and two specific functional assays, which include a capillary-like tube formation and the uptake of Dil-Ac-LDL. The purity of isolated cell populations from skeletal muscle microvessels, which was assessed by flow cytometry, was 88.02% ± 2.99% (n = 6). Conclusions: This method is simple, fast, and highly reproducible for isolating MEC from murine skeletal muscle. The method will enable us to obtain primary cultured MEC from various genetic or diseased murine models, contributing to insightful knowledge of diseases associated with the dysfunction of microvessels.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"13 1","pages":"290-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70882311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic Myography in Assessment of Isokinetic and Isometric Muscle Strength in a Healthy Danish Population","authors":"E. Bartels, Waqas Ahmed, J. K. Olsen, Eva Littrup Andersen, B. Danneskiold-Samsøe, L. Kristensen, H. Bliddal, C. Bartholdy, A. Harrison","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1312022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1312022","url":null,"abstract":"Isokinetic and isometric force measurements involving a dynamometer setup are widely used in training and in muscle assessment. For further understanding of the method, we investigated the activation of key functional muscles during isokinetic and isometric movements. During force measurements in an isokinetic Biodex System 3 ProTM, acoustic myography (AMG) was applied. Ten healthy subjects (5 men/5 women) in each decade from 20 to 69 years of age participated in the study. Measurements were carried out during extension and flexion of the ankle, knee and elbow joints. Muscle fibre use was measured by efficiency (E-score) and fibre recruitment (temporal (T-score) and spatial (S-score) summation). AMG measurements showed good reproducibility, and the recruitment pattern of muscle fibres did not change with gender or age. Overall, a significantly higher E-score (P < 0.05) was found at the lower angular velocities than at the higher ones, indicating a lower level of muscle efficiency at higher velocities. Muscles used for knee movement exhibited higher scores than muscles associated with the ankle and elbow joints, most likely related to the greater degree of force production at this joint compared to the ankle and elbow. The ability to activate and inactivate muscle fibres during periods of isokinetic activity becomes increasingly more difficult as the velocity increases. When assessing training effects in sports or rehabilitation, AMG in parallel with isokinetic measurements adds important additional information by giving a measure of possible improvements in efficiency and fibre use.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"13 1","pages":"235-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45923669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myofiber Permeability and Force Production of Rat Muscles Following Eccentric Contractions: The Repeated Bout Effect Depends on the Interval","authors":"Keishi Hayao, H. Tamaki, K. Tamakoshi, Hideaki Takahashi, H. Onishi","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1312025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1312025","url":null,"abstract":"Past eccentric contraction (ECC)-induced muscle injury reduces the severity of symptoms of subsequent muscle injury; this phenomenon is known as a repeated bout effect (RBE). It has been reported that increases in the duration of the interval between the first and second bouts are linked to weakening of the RBE. However, the histology following the attenuation of the RBE remains unclear. We examined the sustained effects of the second bout with regard to myofiber permeability and muscle force. Sixty-four male rats were randomly assigned to eight groups that varied in the number of exercise sessions and the duration of the interval between the first and second bouts: the non-ECC (Control); the single-injury (Post 1st bout); groups that were allowed to recover for 1, 2, and 4 weeks after a single injury (Pre 2nd bout_1w, Pre 2nd bout_2w, and Pre 2nd bout_4w); and groups that were subjected to second injuries 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the first (Post 2nd bout_1w, Post 2nd bout_2w, and Post 2nd bout_4w). The tibialis anterior was electrically stimulated in each ECC group. Twenty-four hours before muscle sampling, Evans blue dye (EBD) (a marker of myofiber damage) was administered. The maximal isometric contraction tension was measured immediately before sampling. The number of EBD-positive (+) fibers was determined via histological analysis. An RBE was revealed by functional examination at the 1- and 2-week and histological examination at the 1-, 2-, and 4-week time points (P < 0.05). In terms of myofiber permeability, prolongation of the interval before the second bout weakened this effect (P < 0.05). Experiments with 1-, 2-, and 4-week intervals indicated that prolongation of the interval before the second bout weakened the RBE with regard to myofiber permeability.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"13 1","pages":"275-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43192204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations of CT Dose with Contrast Agent and Its Effects on the CTDI","authors":"M. Geso, Farnaz Tabatabaie, Edel Doyl, Salem Algithami","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1312023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1312023","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Computed tomography is a leading imaging technique for head & neck and brain and most of these imaging protocols iodine-based contrast media are utilised. The chief aim of this research is to utilize the effects of the contrast media “CM” used in computed tomography “CT” which is used to enhance subject contrast on the delivered CT via its inclusion into the CT dose index “CTDI”, and to introduce a simple method to determine this effect via the available CT numbers at the imaged targets. Method: The CT dose increase is estimated theoretically and measured experimentally and then related to the average CT number in the volume of CM uptake. A factor dependent on CM concentration and beam energy is added to the CTDI equation to represent the increased dose burden. A simple holed Perspex phantom was built to measure the variation of imaged CT number. CT Gafchromic type film was alternately imaged in a reservoir of CM and water. The relative difference in the dose burden as obtained by scanning the two films represents the dose difference and hence the CM dependent increase. Results: Measured dose effects due to the inclusion of the CM varied depending on the concentration. The increase in dose is estimated to be about 17% for 20% contrast media in the target while that for 10% by volume is around 6.6%. These are estimated from the CT numbers. Patients’ data also shows influence of the CM on the CTDI values. Conclusion: The dosimetric effects of the contrast media are included into the CTDI and can be estimated by using the CT numbers obtained.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"13 1","pages":"254-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45598843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling Properties of Optokinetic Nystagmus Amplitude Sequence","authors":"T. Aasen","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1311021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1311021","url":null,"abstract":"Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is rhythmic eye movements, back and forth, with a slow and fast phase when the eyes are presented for full-field visual stimulus. OKN was recorded in a healthy subject for four conditions, stripes moving 30°/s left and right and 60°/s left and right. In this paper, surrogate data analysis was applied to test the Hurst exponents for increasing time horizons for the integrated OKN amplitude sequences statistically against 100 shuffled sequences (i.e., the serial dependency of the original data sequences is broken by changing the order of the sequence). The result shows that the pattern of the OKN amplitude sequence scales statistically different (p < 0.01) compared to random permutations of the same numbers for scaling shorter than 16 nystagmus components (slow and fast phases) for all four test conditions.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46101630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Shoulder Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis Missed on an Initial Work Up: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"M. Byrd, W. Barfield, E. Darr","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.1310020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.1310020","url":null,"abstract":"Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF) is a rare, locally invasive, non-metastasizing soft tissue proliferation derived from mesenchymal progenitor cells. The incidence of DF is 2 to 4 per million per year in the general population and typically affects adults between the ages of 35 - 40. Desmoid-type fibromatosis can either be sporadic or associated with mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene. Trauma, surgery, pregnancy, and oral contraceptives have been identified as risk factors for the development of desmoid-type fibromatosis. MRI is the standard for image characterization, and CT image-guided core needle biopsy for diagnosis. “Wait and see” is the current management recommendation, and studies of y-secretase inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown promise in the treatment of desmoid-type fibromatosis. This report presents a case of rare right shoulder desmoid type fibromatosis in a 48-year-old male that was missed on an initial workup including EMG/NCS and shoulder MRI, and demonstrates the importance of revisiting the diagnostic process if a former workup has yielded an unclear clinical picture.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47814956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Mutations in H7 Hemagglutinins from Influenza A Virus","authors":"Shaomin Yan, Guang Wu","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2020.138017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2020.138017","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza A viruses have led several pandemics and epidemics in human history. H7 subtype influenza mainly infects avian but also humans occasionally. Since the outbreak of H7N9 subtype influenza occurred in China in 2013, this virus is still circulating in domestic poultry and leading several waves of influenza. To prevent influenza, vaccination is an important strategy. However, influenza virus evolves constantly, but unpredictably. If we would have a one-to-one cause-mutation relationship, the mutation prediction would be possible. However, many external causes, which led to the mutations in the past, might not leave any trace due to the change in environments, whereas the current virus might not be subject to the historically external causes because of evolution. Furthermore, the protein should have the internal causes, which might be quite unclear and difficult to quantify, to engineer mutations. Indeed, various forces twist proteins into 3-demensional structures, whereas any perturbation could lead to a mutation. Of various internal causes for mutation, randomness in protein primary structure should play an important role in mutation. Over years, we have developed three methods to quantify the randomness within a protein primary structure; thus we build a relationship between cause, which is randomness in primary structure, and mutations, which are occurrence and non-occurrence of mutation. In this way, the cause-mutation relationship becomes the problem of classification, which can be solved using logistic regression and neural network. In this study, we apply this model to predict 1) the mutation positions in H7 hemagglutinins from influenza A virus and 2) the would-be-mutated amino-acids at predicted positions with the amino-acid mutating probability. The results show suitability and predictability in such modelling, and pave the way for further development.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"13 1","pages":"175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46452434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}