{"title":"Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Tritium: A Path Integral Monte Carlo Study","authors":"Timothy Prisk, Adrian Del Maestro","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03383-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03383-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present worm-algorithm, path integral Monte Carlo simulations of bulk liquid tritium. The simulations are benchmarked against empirically known thermophysical properties of liquid deuterium and liquid tritium. Results for the pair correlation function, chemical potential, isothermal compressibility, isochoric heat capacity, and single-particle momentum distributions are reported. Given the benchmark comparisons, our predictions of liquid tritium properties are expected to be accurate to within a few percent. Our simulations unambiguously demonstrate the significance of nuclear quantum effects to the properties of liquid tritium. In particular, under saturated vapor pressure, the average molecular kinetic energy of the liquid is found to be more than 60% higher than the value expected from the classical equipartition theorem.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alberto Andrino-Gómez, Gema Tabares, Diego Ramírez, Andrés Redondo-Cubero, Vicente Madurga, Cristina Favieres, José Vergara, Gastón García-López, Nuria Gordillo, Miguel Ángel Ramos
{"title":"Irradiation of Topological Bi–Sb Alloys with Swift Heavy Ions","authors":"Alberto Andrino-Gómez, Gema Tabares, Diego Ramírez, Andrés Redondo-Cubero, Vicente Madurga, Cristina Favieres, José Vergara, Gastón García-López, Nuria Gordillo, Miguel Ángel Ramos","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03420-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03420-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crystalline Bi<sub>100−<i>x</i></sub>Sb<sub><i>x</i></sub> alloys are well known as the first experimentally realized topological insulators, in addition to their promising thermoelectric properties. In contrast, their amorphous counterparts have been reported to exhibit superconductivity with critical temperatures exceeding 6 K. However, the strong tendency of Bi and Bi–Sb alloys to crystallize, even at very low temperatures, has hindered both systematic studies and practical applications of these amorphous phases. To explore the possibility of obtaining amorphous superconducting states and enhancing thermoelectric performance, we investigated ion-beam irradiation as a method to induce amorphization in Bi<sub>100−<i>x</i></sub>Sb<sub><i>x</i></sub> alloys. We performed irradiation experiments on pure Bi and Bi–Sb melt-spun ribbons using iodine ions with energies between 25 and 40 MeV, achieving estimated vacancy damage levels of 40–80%. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction and electrical resistivity measurements in the range 2–300 K revealed that, although amorphization and superconductivity were not achieved, ion-induced disorder led to significant conductivity improvements, particularly in Bi<sub>90</sub>Sb<sub>10</sub> Furthermore, interesting correlations were observed between the resistivity values and the semiconducting gap with the Sb content, both before and after irradiation. These results provide new insights into the interplay between structural disorder, electrical transport, and topological properties in Bi–Sb alloys. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10909-026-03420-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enthalpy Flow Analysis and Experimental Validation of Throttling Refrigeration Cycle in Supercritical Helium Temperature","authors":"Yuanting Zhang, Zhichao Chen, Pengcheng Qu, Shaoshuai Liu, Zhenhua Jiang, Deping Dong","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03422-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03422-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To meet the refrigeration requirements for space exploration technology in supercritical helium temperature between 6–10 K, this paper focuses on the helium Joule–Thomson cryocooler (JTC). The refrigeration temperature and specific cooling capacity of a supercritical helium JTC are influenced by various complex factors. An enthalpy flow model for the supercritical helium throttling cycle is established to systematically investigate the effects of high pressure, low pressure, precooling temperature, heat transfer efficiency, and specific heat load under representative operating conditions on both the refrigeration temperature and the specific cooling capacity of the cryocooler. To further validate the model, a supercritical helium throttling experimental platform has been established and corresponding experiments have been conducted. The experimental data are consistent with the calculated values of the enthalpy flow model, with a maximum deviation of approximately 1.2%, demonstrating that the proposed method can reliably estimate refrigeration temperature and specific cooling capacity, and thereby support multi-parameter optimization and design of supercritical helium JTCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Levrouw, Hiromitsu Takeuchi, Jacques Tempere
{"title":"Effect of Population Imbalance on Vortex Mass in Superfluid Fermi Gases","authors":"Lucas Levrouw, Hiromitsu Takeuchi, Jacques Tempere","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03418-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03418-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the fundamental parameters associated with quantized vortices in superfluids is the vortex mass, which is the inertia of a vortex. As of yet, this mass has not been observed in a superfluid. However, ultracold Fermi gases provide a promising platform in which recently much experimental progress was made, offering tunability of the interaction as well as control on the single-vortex level. Not only can the scattering length be freely tuned, allowing exploration of the BEC–BCS crossover, but also an imbalance between different pseudospin states can be introduced. We study the effect of introducing this imbalance on the vortex mass, using a method based on an effective field theory for superfluid Fermi gases. We find that it is crucial to consider the imbalance in conjunction with nonzero temperatures; at some temperatures, the vortex mass is significantly enhanced while at others, the vortex mass is diminished. This pronounced temperature dependence highlights the need for careful tuning of experimental conditions and identifies favorable parameter regimes in which the vortex mass is likely to be observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deuteration of L-Tartrate Copper(II): Low-Temperature Neutron Diffraction and Magnetic Measurements","authors":"Masato Oe, Rinya Akematsu, Yu Yamane, Shigeki Miyasaka, Takanori Taniguchi, Wataru Fujita, Akira Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03416-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03416-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We performed powder neutron diffraction experiments at <i>T</i> = 2.5 K on partially deuterated <span>L</span>-tartrate copper tetrahydrate, a magnetic material with a chiral crystal structure. Rietveld refinement of the powder neutron diffraction patterns enabled the determination of hydrogen (deuterium) atom positions within the one-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network previously reported in the literature (Rashidipour et al. in Arab J Chem 10:S3167, 2017). Additionally, we measured the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility from 2 to 300 K for both deuterated and non-deuterated <span>L</span>-tartrate copper samples. Analysis using a model with two types of one-dimensional chains showed that the effect of deuteration on magnetic properties is minimal within the measured temperature range.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Š. Midlik, P. Danylchenko, A. N. Gheorghe, S. Harašta, J. Mikeš, D. E. Zmeev, D. Schmoranzer
{"title":"Hysteresis and Multistability at the Transition to Turbulence Probed with a NEMS Wire in Superfluid Helium","authors":"Š. Midlik, P. Danylchenko, A. N. Gheorghe, S. Harašta, J. Mikeš, D. E. Zmeev, D. Schmoranzer","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03414-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03414-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present experimental data on the transition to turbulent drag as measured with a superconducting nanowire resonator submerged in superfluid <span>(^4)</span>He above 1 K. The transition shows clear hysteretic behaviour in switching between laminar and turbulent regimes, stronger than most previous works in the two-fluid regime. We present and discuss the temperature-dependence of this effect in connection to the instability of the flow in the superfluid component of He II. Additionally, multistability of the turbulent flow is reported, with three distinct metastable states appearing at temperatures below 1.5 K.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geometric Phase and Asymmetric Spin-Wave Dispersion in a Triple-Q Chiral State of a Breathing-Kagome Antiferromagnet","authors":"Kazushi Aoyama, Hikaru Kawamura","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03415-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03415-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We discuss the spin-wave dispersion in a triple-<span>(textbf{Q})</span> noncoplanar state with nonzero net chirality realized in the <span>(J_1)</span>-<span>(J_3)</span> classical Heisenberg model on the breathing-kagome lattice. By performing the spin-wave expansion, we show that the spin wave experiences a spatially inhomogeneous geometric phase in propagating on a curved space spanned by the noncoplanar spins and resultantly, its dispersion becomes asymmetric with respect to the <span>(Gamma )</span> point, suggestive of a nonreciprocal spin transport. From the real-space perspective, we argue that a scalar spin chirality defined in a straight line is associated with the geometric-phase effect.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148008681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai-Yuan Hu, Hui Liang, Na Li, Dan-Dan Wu, Yan Sun, Qiu-Ju Li, Xia Zhao, Ying Zhou, Xue-Feng Sun, Yi-Yan Wang
{"title":"Magnetic and Electrical Transport Properties of Ln(_3hbox {ScBi}_5) Single Crystals (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm)","authors":"Kai-Yuan Hu, Hui Liang, Na Li, Dan-Dan Wu, Yan Sun, Qiu-Ju Li, Xia Zhao, Ying Zhou, Xue-Feng Sun, Yi-Yan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03410-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03410-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report the magnetic, electrical, and thermal transport properties of three Sc-based 315-type materials <span>(hbox {Pr}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span>, <span>(hbox {Nd}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span>, and <span>(hbox {Sm}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span> single crystals, which belong to the recently widely studied quasi-one-dimensional <span>(hbox {Ln}_3hbox {MPn}_5)</span> (Ln = La–Nd, Sm; M = transition metal, Mg; Pn = pnictide) family. The three materials undergo one or two antiferromagnetic (AFM) transitions at low temperatures. The Neel temperature can be tuned by a magnetic field within the distorted kagome plane of <span>(hbox {Pr}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span> and <span>(hbox {Nd}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span>, but it remains almost unchanged in the long-axis direction and <span>(hbox {Sm}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span>. In addition, the magnetic field-dependent magnetization reveals the existence of metamagnetic transitions within the distorted kagome plane of <span>(hbox {Pr}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span> and <span>(hbox {Nd}_3hbox {ScBi}_5)</span>, which can be classified as 1/3 and 1/6 fractional magnetization phases. All three materials exhibit metallic behavior, and the resistivity undergoes rapid changes at the AFM transitions and metamagnetic transitions, demonstrating the influence of magnetism on electrical transport properties. The magnetic phase diagrams of these three materials have also been constructed based on the measurements. These findings provide detailed transport properties of these three materials and insight into Sc-based <span>(hbox {Ln}_3hbox {MPn}_5)</span> system.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147938664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Magnetic Field and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction on a Quantum Stirling Engine","authors":"YanHua Wang, Huhemandula","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03403-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03403-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the article, a quantum Stirling machine is proposed, and its behavior as a quantum heat engine (QHE) or a refrigerator is investigated. The working substance of the machine can be described as a two-qubit XYZ spin chain subjected to a magnetic field and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Extensive research has examined the effects of magnetic fields, hot-bath temperature, and DMI on the efficiency and performance coefficient of Stirling heat engines and refrigerators. It has been observed that, by carefully selecting system parameters, the Stirling cycle can be effectively used as a highly efficient QHE or refrigerator. This selection enables optimal performance coefficients, ensuring the system operates at its maximum efficiency. By increasing the temperature of the hot bath and neglecting DMI losses, the system operates as a QHE, achieving a maximum efficiency of 28%. Additionally, by increasing the DMI parameter and reducing the temperature of the cold bath, the system can operate effectively as a quantum refrigerator. In this configuration, the system exhibits a remarkable performance coefficient of approximately 10.5. Therefore, by carefully selecting system parameters, we can achieve maximum efficiency or performance coefficient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147938246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geometric Construction of Dynamically Corrected Quantum Gates","authors":"Shingo Kukita, Yasushi Kondo","doi":"10.1007/s10909-026-03411-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10909-026-03411-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The foundation of quantum technologies lies in the precise control of quantum systems. It is crucial to implement dynamically corrected quantum gates (DCQG), which compensate for individual quantum gate errors to make them more resilient to errors alongside quantum error correction. Off-resonance error (ORE), which originates from fluctuation and mis-calibration of resonance frequencies of qubits, is one of the most critical error types to be compensated. There have been many studies on constructing DCQGs robust against ORE up to its first order. Explicit construction of second-order robust DCQGs against ORE has been discussed less. Recently, the geometric meaning of the second-order robustness against ORE was uncovered. From this implication, we propose a geometric construction of second-order DCQGs against ORE using a first-order DCQG as a seed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Temperature Physics","volume":"222 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147938221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}