Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics最新文献

{"title":"Microstructure and Properties of Cu–Al–Fe Shape Memory Alloy with Gradient Structure Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting","authors":"M. Pan,&nbsp;E. S. Marchenko,&nbsp;A. A. Klopotov,&nbsp;V. A. Klimenov,&nbsp;M. A. Khimich,&nbsp;G. A. Baigonakova","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126600601","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126600601","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, a Cu–13Al–5Fe (wt %) shape memory alloy with a gradient structure was produced using electron beam melting (EBM) technology. A systematic investigation of its microstructure, shape memory effect, and mechanical properties was carried out. The results revealed that the EBM resulted in the difference in structure, with the grain size in the as-cast upper part of the ingot measuring 180 ± 60 μm, while in the lower part it reached 320 ± 100 μm. In quenched specimens taken from both the upper and lower parts of the ingot, treated at 850°C, a martensitic transformation (β₁ → <span>(beta _{1}^{'})</span>) was observed, initiating at 501 ± 3°C. The tensile strength of the quenched specimen from the upper part of the ingot was determined to be 541 ± 20 MPa, compared to 335 ± 18 MPa for the as-cast specimen. In the lower part of the ingot, the tensile strength of the quenched specimen was higher than that of the as-cast specimen, reaching 641 ± 15 MPa. Additionally, the shape memory recovery coefficient of the quenched specimen from the upper part of the ingot, subjected to 3% pre-strain, was 91.9%. This study establishes a basis for the application of EBM technology in the fabrication of Cu–Al–Fe-based shape memory alloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"142 6","pages":"735 - 746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fisher–Rao Geometry of a Thermal Kaluza–Klein Sector: Exact Information Geometry, Formal Dilaton Analysis, and Phenomenological Decoherence Outlook","authors":"Mahgoub A. Salih","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126601539","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126601539","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We present a closed-form analysis of the Fisher–Rao information geometry of the &lt;i&gt;statistical&lt;/i&gt; (not thermal-field-theoretic) sector of a Kaluza–Klein compactification, consisting of &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;A&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; free bosonic degrees of freedom on the flat torus &lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; at thermal equilibrium, embedded in a (4 + 8)-dimensional product spacetime. The “thermal” in our title refers to a statistical ensemble of macrostates parametrized by &lt;span&gt;((beta ,{{m}^{2}}))&lt;/span&gt;, not to a thermal quantum field theory in the usual sense. Using the score-covariance definition of Fisher information for the Gibbs family parametrized by &lt;span&gt;((beta ,{{m}^{2}}))&lt;/span&gt;, we derive the metric components at the analytically tractable massless locus &lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0. The family is exponential in &lt;span&gt;(beta )&lt;/span&gt; but not a natural two-parameter exponential family in &lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, because &lt;span&gt;({{omega }_{k}} = sqrt {{{k}^{2}} + {{m}^{2}}} )&lt;/span&gt;; hence the metric is not introduced as a naive Hessian of ln&lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; in both variables. At &lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0 we prove strict positive definiteness from the inequality &lt;span&gt;({{I}_{9}}{{I}_{5}} &gt; I_{7}^{2})&lt;/span&gt; among standard Bose integrals, and compute the Gaussian curvature &lt;span&gt;(K = 4{{I}_{5}}{text{/}}({{I}_{9}}{{I}_{5}} - I_{7}^{2}) cdot 1{text{/}}(eta {{T}^{8}}) approx 1.165{text{/}}s)&lt;/span&gt;, where it is strictly positive. Restricting to the equilibrium submanifold reproduces &lt;span&gt;({{G}_{{ss}}} = 1{text{/}}(8s))&lt;/span&gt; exactly. These constitute the paper’s core, exact results at the massless locus; the full &lt;span&gt;((beta ,{{m}^{2}}))&lt;/span&gt; dependence away from &lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0 remains open. We then pursue two formal extensions that we treat with explicitly different epistemic status. First, formally promoting the Fisher manifold &lt;span&gt;({{mathcal{M}}_{2}})&lt;/span&gt; to a sigma-model target, we show that the positivity of &lt;span&gt;(K)&lt;/span&gt; requires a nontrivial dilaton. We obtain an &lt;i&gt;exact partial solution&lt;/i&gt;: the profile &lt;span&gt;(Phi = {{Phi }_{0}} + ({{K}_{0}}{text{/}}4)ln (s{text{/}}{{s}_{0}}))&lt;/span&gt; solves the trace equation &lt;span&gt;({{Delta }_{{{{mathcal{M}}_{1}}}}}Phi = - K)&lt;/span&gt; restricted to the one-dimensional equilibrium submanifold &lt;span&gt;({{mathcal{M}}_{1}})&lt;/span&gt;. We further prove, as an obstruction theorem at the massless Fisher-geometry slice, that no &lt;span&gt;(Phi (beta ))&lt;/span&gt;-only ansatz satisfies all tensorial beta-function components simultaneously; the finite-&lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 2D elliptic dilaton problem, requiring the full &lt;span&gt;({{G}_{{ab}}}(beta ,{{m}^{2}}))&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;(K(beta ,{{m}^{2}}))&lt;/span&gt;, remains the primary open problem. A full one-loop-consistent background has therefore &lt;i&gt;not&lt;/i&gt; been established. The associated central-charge deficit of 20 (bosonic) or 6 (superstring) is quantified and three possible but unresolved closure routes are outlined. Second, as a &lt;i&gt;phenomenological outlook&lt;/i&gt;, we couple a composite scalar &lt;","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"142 6","pages":"764 - 779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Null-Boundary Qubit Ledgers and Limiting Mixed Hodge Structures: A Finite Architecture for Spacetime Bookkeeping","authors":"Daegene Song","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126601096","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126601096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present a finite null-boundary bookkeeping framework in which a protocol on a light-sheet patch carries three ledgers in common entropy units: geometric capacity, reference-relative modular change, and irreversible classical record updates. The basic event statement is a fixed-context balance among these quantities. The framework is operational rather than ontological: any fixed protocol is represented only at its finite resolution, which permits a finite-dimensional realization and an <i>N</i>-qubit pixel model without asserting global microscopic finiteness. To distinguish stable protocol type data from discrete update data, we use mixed Hodge structures as capacity labels and limiting mixed Hodge structures as controlled event packages. Local datasets are compared on overlaps and glued by an explicit colimit construction. The paper is kept kinematical and fixed-context; continuum dynamics and any moving-context refinement are left model-dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"142 6","pages":"788 - 795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Argon Flow Rate on Plasma Parameters, Phase Evolution, and Optical Band Gap Tuning of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Atmospheric Plasma Jet","authors":"Muna A. Issa","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126601692","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126601692","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A systematic investigation into the effect of argon gas flow rate on the plasma-assisted synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) is presented. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) revealed that increasing the flow rate from 0.5 to 1.5 L/min led to a rise in electron temperature from 0.369 to 0.480 eV and an increase in electron density from 12.162 × 10¹⁷ to 13.851 × 10¹⁷ cm^–3. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the coexistence of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and hematite (Fe₂O₃) phases. Crystallite sizes ranged from 7.5–14.0 nm at 0.5 L/min and increased to 8.9–17.1 nm at 1.5 L/min. Lower flow rates promoted the formation of smaller, more uniform grains, while higher flow rates led to increased agglomeration and more defined diffraction peaks. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy showed distinct absorbance in the ultraviolet region for samples synthesized at 0.5 L/min, whereas those produced at 1.5 L/min exhibited extended absorption tails into the visible spectrum. Tauc plot analysis indicated that both direct and indirect optical band gaps decreased with increasing flow rate, from 4.22 eV (direct) and 2.82 eV (indirect) at 0.5 L/min to 3.85 and 1.94 eV at 1.5 L/min, consistent with reduced quantum confinement due to larger particle sizes. These findings highlight the critical role of gas flow rate in modulating plasma characteristics, structural evolution, and optical behavior of iron oxide NPs synthesized via plasma jet.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"143 1","pages":"21 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of Mechanical Properties and Solvent Resistance of Natural Rubber/Ethylene–Propylene–Diene Monomer Blend Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized by Ionic Liquids and Silane-Containing Fillers","authors":"V. Sathiyamoorthy,&nbsp;K. Sakthivel,&nbsp;D. Srinivasan","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126600844","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126600844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work examines the reinforcing efficiency of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their surface-functionalized counterparts in natural rubber/ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (NR–EPDM) composites. CNTs were functionalized using ionic liquids—1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (HDMIM-Br) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMI)—as well as silane coupling agents, namely 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] tetrasulfide (TESPT). Composites containing 0–8 phr CNTs were fabricated via melt mixing and systematically evaluated in terms of curing behavior, mechanical performance, swelling resistance, and morphological characteristics. Rheometric analysis revealed that all CNT-reinforced systems exhibited increased minimum torque, maximum torque, torque difference, and cure rate index, along with reduced scorch and optimum cure times, indicating accelerated vulcanization kinetics. The incorporation of pristine CNTs resulted in enhancements of 25% in tensile strength, 26% in modulus at 100% elongation, and 22% in tear strength, with optimum performance observed at 5 phr. However, further increases in CNT loading led to performance deterioration due to filler agglomeration. Surface-functionalized CNTs displayed markedly superior reinforcing efficiency, attributable to improved dispersion and stronger filler–matrix interfacial interactions. In particular, HDMIM-Br- and BMI-modified CNTs increased tensile strength by 32 and 39% and modulus at 100% elongation by 35 and 44%, respectively. Even greater improvements were achieved with silane-functionalized CNTs, where APTES- and TESPT-modified systems enhanced tensile strength by 44 and 52% and tear strength by 32 and 37%, respectively. In addition, all functionalized CNT-based composites exhibited higher crosslink density, hardness, abrasion resistance, and swelling resistance, together with reduced compression set and only minimal reductions in rebound resilience. Overall, the findings demonstrate the synergistic effectiveness of ionic liquid and silane functionalization in improving CNT dispersion, strengthening filler–matrix interactions, and significantly enhancing the multifunctional performance of NR–EPDM composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"142 6","pages":"839 - 860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yang-Mills Theory in the Geometric Formalism of Principal Bundles","authors":"Ismael Erazo Velasco,&nbsp;Donald Erazo Velasco,&nbsp;Daniel Alejandro Hidalgo Chafuel","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126600418","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126600418","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study seeks to articulate a geometric formulation of the Yang-Mills theory by examining how both the Yang-Mills equations and the associated Lagrangian emerge within the formalism of differential forms and Cartan’s calculus. Particular attention is given to the role of principal bundles, whose geometric and topological structures provide the underlying framework of the theory and illuminate its physical representations. By emphasizing these connections, the analysis reveals the profound interplay between the mathematical architecture of gauge fields and their physical consequences, offering a unified perspective for approaching Yang-Mills theory through geometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"142 6","pages":"905 - 911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonic Control in a Free Electron Laser Using an N-Frequency Undulator","authors":"A. Gajbhiye,&nbsp;D. Jain","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126600054","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126600054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a theoretical framework for a multi-frequency undulator, a generalized innovative undulator design that incorporates multiple magnetic field components with distinct frequencies to enhance spectral control over harmonics in a free-electron laser. By formulating a generalized analytical expression for the radiation intensity and small-signal gain, we demonstrate how the superposition of several frequencies enables controlled excitement of multiple harmonics with improved intensity distribution. The proposed scheme naturally reduces to conventional well-known cases of planar, two-frequency, and three-frequency undulators, thereby validating the proposed novel scheme. The presence of multiple field components provides an additional degree of freedom for tailoring the output radiation spectrum, allowing for the selective enhancement of both even and odd harmonics without increasing the electron beam energy. We investigate multiple planar undulator designs, offering valuable insights into the modifications of undulator geometry for free-electron lasers. The analysis is based on the Liénard–Wiechert formalism, generalized Bessel functions, and the free electron laser pendulum equation, capturing the coupled electron dynamics and radiation processes in multi-frequency magnetic fields and offering practical guidance for undulator configuration in advanced free electron laser applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"143 1","pages":"76 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-Mode Squeezing and Entangled States of Light in Third Harmonic Generation Process","authors":"Sourish Sarkar,&nbsp; Dilip Kumar Giri","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126601382","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126601382","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We theoretically investigate the emergence of nonclassical features, two-mode squeezing, sub-Poissonian photon statistics, and bipartite entanglement, in the third harmonic generation (THG) process, employing a first-order interaction Hamiltonian within the short-time approximation. The study reveals that both first- and second-order squeezing exhibit strong dependence on the input field amplitudes, relative phase, and interaction strength. Asymmetric coherent inputs, where the harmonic mode carries greater intensity than the fundamental, enhance the degree of squeezing and lead to deeper nonclassical minima. The squeezing parameters display periodic phase-dependent oscillations, indicating phase-sensitive control of quantum correlations. Sub-Poissonian photon statistics in the fundamental mode further confirm the quantum nature of the generated light. Entanglement is analyzed through the Duan et al. inseparability criterion and the Hillery–Zubairy (HZ) criteria. While the Duan criterion fails to detect entanglement under purely coherent excitation in the short-time regime, both the HZ-1 and HZ-2 criteria confirm entanglement under specific phase conditions, with HZ-2 exhibiting greater sensitivity at elevated field strengths. These results underscore the potential of THG as a viable platform for the controllable generation of nonclassical light, with implications for continuous-variable quantum optics and integrated quantum photonics.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"142 6","pages":"747 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Multi-Spectroscopic Assessment of Photo-Oxidative Degradation and Micro Plastic Leaching in Bottled Water under Extreme Solar Conditions","authors":"N. Th. Ali,&nbsp;Amany A. Awaad,&nbsp;Haider M. Matrood,&nbsp;Aseel I. Mahmood,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Hamad,&nbsp;Noor Luay Hussein Al-Awsaj","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126602004","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126602004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plastics are being increasingly used in drinking water containers, and this has raised concerns regarding the distribution of micro plastics and other substances into the water, especially during hot weather and exposure to sunlight. Polymer packaging is subject to chemical and structural changes resulting from heat and sunlight over time, which can lead to migration of degradation products into drinking water. The photo-oxidation behavior of polyethylene, commonly called PE, and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) water bottles was investigated in this study during a period of 7 days of simulated sunlight at 45°C. An incorporated analytical approach combining Raman analysis with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectrometers was utilized to monitor molecular-level degradation and polymer transformation processes. The results indicate a significant increase in oxygen-containing functional groups, in particular hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, which is indicative of a faster oxidative degradation of the polymer structure. These chemical modifications suggested the presence of, direct formation of and discharge of microplastics to the aquatic environment. These results highlight the extent to which drinking water bottled in plastic containers is affected by harmful environmental factors, and emphasize the need to improve packaging regulations and periodic monitoring strategies to reduce human exposure to plastic-derived pollutants, while suggesting the use of glass containers as a safer alternative.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"143 1","pages":"13 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Ta2O5/Au Thin-Film Thickness on Surface Plasmon Resonance for Gas Sensing: A Numerical Study","authors":"Laith N. Abbas,&nbsp;S. Ahmadi-Kandjani,&nbsp;Mohammed K. Khalaf,&nbsp;Sarah H. Ali,&nbsp;Rawa K. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1134/S1063776126601564","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063776126601564","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A theoretical model for a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) gas sensor based on a dielectric–metal structure has been presented in this work. The proposed SPR sensor is numerically analyzed using the Kretschmann configuration and the Fresnel equations at an exciting wavelength of 632.8 nm. The novel configuration presented in this work uses a BK7 semicircular prism coupled with a thin gold (Au) film and a high dielectric constant semiconductor sensing layer of tantalum pentoxide (Ta₂O₅), that give improve in the optical coupling efficiency and enhances surface plasmon excitation. A comprehensive analysis is made between the two types of prisms, semicircular and triangle traditional one, by investigating the influence of metal layer thickness, dielectric material properties, and the number of layers on the SPR sensor performance, using numerical modeling based on MATLAB to evaluate the optimal structural parameters, such as the refractive index, which variate in range (ΔRI = 0, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, and 0.12) causes in measurable resonance wavelength shifts.The resultant optimized configuration, consisting of a 50 nm Au layer and a 20 nm Ta₂O₅ dielectric layer, achieves a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 2000 nm/RIU and a figure of merit (FOM) of 206 RIU^–1, indicating excellent sensing capability. These results demonstrate that the proposed Ta₂O₅/Au structure integrated with a BK7 semicircular prism offers a promising approach for high-performance SPR-based gas sensing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":629,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics","volume":"143 1","pages":"31 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}