{"title":"Elevating haptic interfaces: Dual-rate sampling and field programmable gate array implementation for multi-degree-of-freedom performance enhancement","authors":"Majid Koul, Suhail Khosa, Babar Ahmad","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, our primary focus centered on exploring the adaptability of the dual-rate sampling scheme proposed earlier to enhance the performance of multi-degree-of-freedom (multi-DOF) impedance-based haptic interfaces. The scheme employed independent sampling rates in a haptics controller, effectively mitigating the issue of reduced Z-width at higher sampling rates. A key aspect of our investigation was the intricate implementation of the dual-rate sampling scheme on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). This implementation on a logic hardware FPGA was challenging and led to the effective comparison of the uniform-rate and dual-rate sampling schemes of the multi-DOF haptic controller. We used an in-house developed two-DOF pantograph as the haptic interface and an FPGA for implementing the controller strategy. FPGA-based implementation presented challenges that were vital in testing controller performances at higher sampling rates. Virtual wall experiments were conducted to determine the stable and unstable interactions with the virtual wall. To complement the experimental results, we simulated the haptics force law for multi-DOF system on Simulink/MATLAB. Notably, the dual-rate sampling approach maintained the Z-width of the two-DOF haptic interface, even at higher controller sampling rates, distinguishing it from the conventional two-DOF uniform-rate control scheme. For example, employing a dual-rate sampling combination of 20–2 kHz consistently ensured the stable rendering of a maximum virtual stiffness of approximately 700 N/mm and maintained a reliable virtual damping range spanning from 0 to 5 Ns/mm. In contrast, the 20 kHz uniform-rate sampling approach failed to ensure interface stability in the presence of virtual damping, ultimately resulting in the unsuccessful implementation of any virtual stiffness at higher sampling rates. This work, therefore, establishes the potential of dual-rate sampling in the realm of haptic technology, with practical applications in multi-DOF systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"171-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Space–time finite element method with domain reduction techniques for dynamic soil–structure interaction problems","authors":"Vikas Sharma, Shion Shimizu, Kazunori Fujisawa","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Design of earth structures, such as dams, tunnels, and embankments, against the vibrational loading caused by high-speed trains, road traffic, underground explosions, and, more importantly, earthquake motion, demands solutions of the dynamic soil–structure Interaction (SSI) problem. This paper presents a velocity-based space–time finite element procedure, v-ST/finite element method (FEM), to solve dynamic SSI problems. The main goal of this study is to present the computation details of implementing viscous boundary conditions of Lysmer–Kuhlemeyer to truncate the unbounded soil domain. Furthermore, additional time-dependent boundary conditions, in terms of the free-field response, are included to facilitate energy flow from the far field to the computation domain at the vertical truncated boundaries. In the FEM, seismic input motion is applied to an effective nodal force vector, which can be obtained explicitly in the numerical simulations. Finally, the response of a concrete gravity dam resting on an elastic half-space to the horizontal component of earthquake motion is computed and successfully compared with the results of semidiscrete FEM using the Newmark-<span></span><math></math> method.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenzhen Qu, Yan Gu, Shengdong Zhao, Fajie Wang, Ji Lin
{"title":"Boundary integrated neural networks and code for acoustic radiation and scattering","authors":"Wenzhen Qu, Yan Gu, Shengdong Zhao, Fajie Wang, Ji Lin","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a novel approach called the boundary integrated neural networks (BINNs) for analyzing acoustic radiation and scattering. The method introduces fundamental solutions of the time-harmonic wave equation to encode the boundary integral equations (BIEs) within the neural networks, replacing the conventional use of the governing equation in physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). This approach offers several advantages. First, the input data for the neural networks in the BINNs only require the coordinates of “boundary” collocation points, making it highly suitable for analyzing acoustic fields in unbounded domains. Second, the loss function of the BINNs is not a composite form and has a fast convergence. Third, the BINNs achieve comparable precision to the PINNs using fewer collocation points and hidden layers/neurons. Finally, the semianalytic characteristic of the BIEs contributes to the higher precision of the BINNs. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, and a MATLAB code implementation is provided as supplementary material.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Composite fault mechanism and vibration characteristics of high-speed train axle-box bearings","authors":"Weixu Zhao, Yongqiang Liu, Baosen Wang, Yingying Liao","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Axle-box bearings are crucial components of high-speed trains and operate in challenging conditions. As service mileage increases, these bearings are susceptible to various failures, posing a safety risk to high-speed train operations. Thus, it is crucial to examine the deployment methods of axle-box bearings. A dynamic model of axle-box bearings for high-speed trains with compound faults is constructed by setting up separate faults in two rows of double-row tapered roller bearings based on a single-fault model. The model's high accuracy in expressing compound faults is verified through corresponding experimental results. Then, the frequency domain diagram of system vibration response under varying rotational speed conditions is obtained, and the amplitude corresponding to the single frequency is extracted and analyzed to identify the optimal rotational speed band for composite fault diagnosis. Finally, the optimal speed band is analyzed under different faults, different load sizes, and different composite fault types. It can be concluded that the determination of the optimal speed band is solely influenced by the composite fault type and is independent of the fault and load sizes. Finally, it is concluded that the energy proportion of faults in different positions changes periodically with the change in speed, and this phenomenon is not affected by the fault sizes or load magnitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"240-254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141281236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of natural vibration of truncated conical shells partially filled with fluid","authors":"Sergey A. Bochkarev, Sergey V. Lekomtsev","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we study the vibrational behavior of shells in the form of truncated cones containing an ideal compressible fluid. The sloshing effect on the free surface of the fluid is neglected. The dynamic behavior of the elastic structure is investigated based on the classical shell theory, the constitutive relations of which represent a system of ordinary differential equations written for new unknowns. Small fluid vibrations are described in terms of acoustic approximation using the wave equation for hydrodynamic pressure written in spherical coordinates. Its transformation into the system of ordinary differential equations is carried out by applying the generalized differential quadrature method. The formulated boundary value problem is solved by Godunov's orthogonal sweep method. Natural frequencies of shell vibrations are calculated using the stepwise procedure and the Muller method. The accuracy and reliability of the obtained results are estimated by making a comparison with the known numerical and analytical solutions. The dependencies of the lowest frequency on the fluid level and cone angle of shells under different combinations of boundary conditions (simply supported, rigidly clamped, and cantilevered shells) have been studied comprehensively. For conical straight and inverted shells, a numerical analysis has been performed to estimate the possibility of finding configurations at which the lowest natural frequencies exceed the corresponding values of the equivalent cylindrical shell.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"142-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of roll angles on unsteady aerodynamics in a canard-configured missile","authors":"Kai Wei, Shaosong Chen, Dongdong Tang, Yihang Xu, Xujian Lyu, Qing Chen","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the initial stage of vertical launch, a missile may exhibit an uncertain roll angle (<i>φ</i>) and a high angle of attack (<i>α</i>). This study focuses on examining the impact of roll angle variations on the flow field and the unsteady aerodynamics of a canard-configured missile at <i>α</i> = 75°. Simulations were performed using the validated <i>k</i>-<i>ω</i> SST turbulence model. The analysis encompasses the temporal development of vortices, the oscillatory characteristics of the lateral force, and the fluctuation of kinetic energy distribution within the framework of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The results indicate that the flow field surrounding the canard-configured missile is characterized by inconsistent shedding cycles of Kármán-like and canard-separated vortices. A distinct transition zone is identified between these vortices, where vortex tearing and reconnection phenomena occur. With increasing roll angles from 0° to 45°, there is an observed shift in the dominant frequency of the lateral force from the higher frequency associated with Kármán-like vortex shedding to the lower frequency of canard vortex shedding. The shedding frequency of Kármán-like vortices corresponds to the harmonics of the canard vortex shedding frequency, indicative of a higher-order harmonic resonance. The frequency of the lateral force is observed to decrease with an increase in roll angle, except in configurations lacking distinct canard-separated vortices, which are characterized by a “+” shape. The POD analysis reveals that the majority of the fluctuation energy is concentrated in the oscillations and shedding of the canard-separated vortices, leading to pressure fluctuations that are primarily observed on the canard and the downstream region of the canard.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"213-225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical simulation of the coupled dynamics model of the projectile engraving process","authors":"Shujun Zhang, Xiaoting Rui, Hailong Yu, Xiaoli Dong","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The projectile engraving process directly influences the projectile motion in-bore and impacts the firing accuracy, firing safety, and barrel life of the gun. For this reason, attention has been focused on this research topic. To address the limitations of the “instantaneous engraving” hypothesis adopted in the classical interior ballistic theory, the VUAMP user subroutine, one of ABAQUS's secondary development interfaces, is utilized in this paper to realize the modeling and numerical simulation of a coupled dynamics model of the projectile engraving process. In addition to facilitating engineering applications, a polynomial fitting formula of the engraving resistance obtained by simulation is proposed and then used as a supplement to establish a closed and solvable interior ballistic model considering the projectile engraving process. By comparing with test data, the simulation accuracy of the coupled dynamics model is verified. Simulation results reveal that the engraving process takes 3.8 ms, accounting for 26% of the whole launch process, which takes 14.6 ms, demonstrating that the process is not instantaneous. The results of this paper can serve as a reference for future studies on the coupled solution of the projectile engraving process and interior ballistics of guns or gun-like equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 2","pages":"188-201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140600908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel minority sample fault diagnosis method based on multisource data enhancement","authors":"Yiming Guo, Shida Song, Jing Huang","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective fault diagnosis has a crucial impact on the safety and cost of complex manufacturing systems. However, the complex structure of the collected multisource data and scarcity of fault samples make it difficult to accurately identify multiple fault conditions. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel deep-learning model for multisource data augmentation and small sample fault diagnosis. The raw multisource data are first converted into two-dimensional images using the Gramian Angular Field, and a generator is built to transform random noise into images through transposed convolution operations. Then, two discriminators are constructed to evaluate the authenticity of input images and the fault diagnosis ability. The Vision Transformer network is built to diagnose faults and obtain the classification error for the discriminator. Furthermore, a global optimization strategy is designed to upgrade parameters in the model. The discriminators and generator compete with each other until Nash equilibrium is achieved. A real-world multistep forging machine is adopted to compare and validate the performance of different methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method has multisource data augmentation and minority sample fault diagnosis capabilities. Compared with other state-of-the-art models, the proposed approach has better fault diagnosis accuracy in various scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 1","pages":"88-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140315263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multiscale differential-algebraic neural network-based method for learning dynamical systems","authors":"Yin Huang, Jieyu Ding","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of dynamical system learning tasks is to forecast the future behavior of a system by leveraging observed data. However, such systems can sometimes exhibit rigidity due to significant variations in component parameters or the presence of slow and fast variables, leading to challenges in learning. To overcome this limitation, we propose a multiscale differential-algebraic neural network (MDANN) method that utilizes Lagrangian mechanics and incorporates multiscale information for dynamical system learning. The MDANN method consists of two main components: the Lagrangian mechanics module and the multiscale module. The Lagrangian mechanics module embeds the system in Cartesian coordinates, adopts a differential-algebraic equation format, and uses Lagrange multipliers to impose constraints explicitly, simplifying the learning problem. The multiscale module converts high-frequency components into low-frequency components using radial scaling to learn subprocesses with large differences in velocity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MDANN method effectively improves the learning of dynamical systems under rigid conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 1","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Realization of nonreciprocal acoustic energy transfer using an asymmetric strong nonlinear vibroacoustic system","authors":"Jiangming Jin, Jingxiao Huang, Yuepeng Xiao","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, an asymmetric vibroacoustic system that can passively realize nonreciprocal transmission of acoustic energy is reported. This experimental system consists of a waveguide, a strongly nonlinear membrane, and three acoustic cavities with different sizes. The theoretical modeling of the system is verified by experiments, and parametric analysis is also carried out. These intensive studies reveal the nonreciprocal transmission of acoustic energy in this prototype system. Under forward excitation, internal resonance between the two nonlinear normal modes of the vibroacoustic system occurs, and acoustic energy is irreversibly transferred from the waveguide to the nonlinear membrane. However, under backward excitation, there is no internal resonance in the system. Energy spectra and wavelet analysis are used to highlight the mechanism of nonreciprocal transfer of acoustic energy. Consequently, nearly unidirectional (preferential) transmission of acoustic energy transfer is shown by this system. The nonreciprocal acoustic energy transfer method illustrated in this paper provides a new way to design the odd acoustic element.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 1","pages":"99-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}