中国辐射卫生最新文献

{"title":"An investigation of abnormal personal doses of external exposure","authors":"Zhang Fangdi, Yang Ming","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective A case of abnormal personal doses of external exposure was reported in this paper.\u0000 According to the investigation of the dose rates of the radiation sources and the\u0000 workplace, the actualdose was estimated correctly.\u0000 Methods The radiation level of storage containers at work site was measured by BH3103A portable\u0000 X and γ radiation dosimeter. The thermoluminescence personal dosimeter was placed\u0000 in the work site for a month, then it was measured with the RGD3 dosimeter to estimate\u0000 the dose rateat the work site. The actual personal dose of external exposure was calculated\u0000 based on the dose rateand the effective working time of the staff in the field.\u0000 Results The location with highest dose rate was the empty containers which had been filled\u0000 with raw materials. The second was a container filled with ingredients. The dose rate\u0000 on the surface of empty container is generally higher than that of full container.\u0000 The time weighted method was used to calculate the possible dose which was 2.32 mSv\u0000 for this position.\u0000 Conclusion The personal dose measured by the personal dosimeter was found to be erroneous, and\u0000 it should be recorded with the revised dose of 2.32 mSv.\u0000 摘要： 目的 通过对某单位出现外照射个人剂量监测结果异常的岗位的现场剂量水平以及辐射来源进行调查, 调查 工作人员实际所受到的外照射个人剂量。\u0000 方法 用 BH3103A 便携式 X、γ 辐射剂量率测量仪对工作现场存放容器表 面剂量率进行测量, 调查辐射来源；在外照射个人剂量异常岗位工作现场放置热释光个人剂量计一个月后,\u0000 用 RGD3 型热释光剂量仪对剂量计进行测量, 并结合工作人员在现场的有效工作时间, 推算该岗位工作人员实际所受外 照射个人剂量。\u0000 结果 辐射水平最高的是装过原料的空容器, 其次是装满原料的容器；空容器表面剂量率普遍大于满 容器;用时间加权的方法计算出该岗位人员可能接受的剂量水平为 2.32 mSv。\u0000 结论 本次出现工作人员异常的个人 剂量计的监测结果不是本人真实的受照剂量, 应当剔除, 以估算的名义剂量 2.32 mSv 代替其本季度的受照剂量。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44671333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building management and effect evaluation of high radon in geothermal field","authors":"Zhang Qingzhao, Cui Hongxing, S. Bing, Wu Yunyun","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore the source and control of radon in high radon houses in geothermal fields;\u0000 Methods Radon concentration in indoor and soil was measured by ATD detector in winter and\u0000 summer; radionuclides in building materials were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry;\u0000 radionuclides dose rates of building materials were measured by 6150 A D/6H X-γ ray\u0000 detector; and radon reduction technology was applied to one of the houses;\u0000 Results The average radon concentrations in 32 rooms were (106.4 ± 63.7) Bq/m\u0000 3 (summer) and (421.3 ± 138.2) Bq/m\u0000 3 (winter), and the concentrations in 12.5% (summer) and 96.9% (winter) of the rooms\u0000 exceed 150 Bq/m\u0000 3. The average radon concentration in soil around buildings was 12 890 Bq/m\u0000 3 (\u0000 n = 24), which is 1.7 times of the typical soil radon concentration in Beijing (7 600\u0000 Bq/m\u0000 3). After soil decompression, the radon concentration in the house could be reduced\u0000 to less than 100 Bq/m\u0000 3. The radon reduction rates of active decompression and passive decompression were\u0000 94.6% and 71.4%, respectively.\u0000 Conclusion The effect of soil decompression on reducing radon concentration in the bottom rooms\u0000 is obvious. Attention should be paid to the radon in residential environment of geothermal\u0000 field.\u0000 摘要： 目的 探讨地热田高氡房屋氡的来源与治理。\u0000 方法 α 径迹探测器 (ATD) 分冬夏两个季节测量室内和土壤中 的氡浓度。采用 γ 能谱法测量房屋主体建材放射性核素含量;采用 6150 A D/6H X-γ 剂量率仪测量房屋主体建材的外\u0000 照射剂量率；对其中一栋房屋实施土壤减压技术的降氡改造。\u0000 结果 夏冬季 32 个房间氡浓度均值分别为 (106.4 ± 63.7) Bq/m\u0000 3 和 (421.3 ± 138.2) Bq/m\u0000 3, 分别有 12.5% 和 96.9% 的房间超过 150 Bq/m\u0000 3。建筑物周围土壤氡浓度均值为 12890 Bq/m\u0000 3 (检测点 n = 24), 是北京市土壤氡浓度典型值 (7 600 Bq/m\u0000 3) 的 1.7 倍。实施土壤减压改造后冬夏季房屋中 氡浓度均可降至 < 100 Bq/m\u0000 3, 主动减压法降氡率为 94.6%, 被动减压法降氡率为 71.4%。\u0000 结论 土壤减压法对降低底 层房间氡浓度效果明显, 地热田居住环境中氡的问题应引起关注。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43722803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the radiation device of 241 Am-Be neutron source and its dosimetric properties","authors":"Tang Xiaohao, Hong Bo, Fan Shengnan, C. Lei, Lan Changlin, Pan Xiaodong","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To design and build a set of experimental equipment for neutron radiation irradiation\u0000 by using the 241Am-Be neutron source.\u0000 Methods In the preliminary work, the spatial distribution data of the neutron energy spectrum\u0000 and the gamma energy spectrum inside and outside the device were simulated by Monte\u0000 Carlo method, and the changes of radiation fluence rate with spatial distribution\u0000 was studied. The model of the 241Am-Be neutron device was established, and the neutron transport process in the irradiation\u0000 field was studied using the method of shadow cone, inverse square law and other data\u0000 analysis methods.\u0000 Results Based on the simulation results, the normalized effective does of fast neutron fluence\u0000 at the measurement point is about 72.9 pSv/n, and the one of photon fluence is about\u0000 3.04 pSv/γ. The ratio of effective dose of photon fluence to neuteon is about 4.17%.\u0000 Conclusion Using Monte Carlo method, a standard model of 241Am-Be neutron source was constructed, the shadow cone design was optimized, and the\u0000 feasibility of using the shadow cone conversion method to establish a standard neutron\u0000 source radiation device was discussed.\u0000 摘要： 目的 拟利用\u0000 241Am-Be 中子源设计并建立一套中子辐射照射实验装置。\u0000 方法 采用蒙特卡洛 (Monte Carlo) 方 法, 模拟计算装置内外中子能谱和 γ 能谱空间分布数据, 研宄中子注量等随空间分布的变化规律;初步建立镅铍中子 装置的数学模型,\u0000 采用影锥法、平方反比律验证等数据分析方法, 对中子输运过程进行研宄。\u0000 结果 模拟获得测量点 处归一化快中子注量有效剂量约为 72.9 pSv/n, 光子约为 3.04 pSv/γ, 光子注量有效剂量与中子注量有效剂量的比值约 为 4.17%。\u0000 结论 利用蒙特卡洛方法, 构建了镅铍中子源标准装置模型, 优化了影锥设计, 初步讨论了将影锥转换法用 于建立中子源辐射照射装置的可行性。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48340279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of some radiosensitivity index results of certain radiation workers in Chongqing from 2018 to 2019","authors":"Tang XiuHong, Zhang Yan, Wu Mengyun","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This paper analyzes the physical examination results of blood routine, chromosome\u0000 deformity rate, micronucleus rate and thyroid function test of some radiation workers\u0000 in Chongqing from 2018 to 2019, understands the occupational problems of radiation\u0000 workers, and provide scientific basis for putting forward reasonable suggestions method:\u0000 Methods 2 656 cases in 2018 and 2 922 cases in 2019 were selected through the information\u0000 platform of physical examination system. A total of 5 578 physical examination results\u0000 in two years were statistically analyzed and analyzed.\u0000 Results The abnormal rate of blood routine, the detection rate and abnormal rate of chromosome\u0000 distortion and micronucleus, and the abnormal rate of thyroid gland function (T3,\u0000 T4, TSH) between the control group and the radiation group are significant differences\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the abnormal rate of blood routine,\u0000 thyroid function (T3, T4, TSH), chromosome teratosis rate, micronucleus detection\u0000 rate and abnormal rate between radiation diagnosis and treatment and industrial flaw\u0000 detection, but there was no significant difference in the abnormal rate of chromosome\u0000 (\u0000 P > 0.05). There was significant difference between < 10 year group and 10~20 year\u0000 group, and there was significant difference in platelet, white blood cell and hemoglobin\u0000 between 10~20 year group and 20 year group (\u0000 P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in erythrocyte difference (\u0000 P > 0.05). There was significant difference in the abnormal rate of thyroid function\u0000 among the three working age segments (\u0000 P < 0.05). The detection rate of chromosome distortion was significantly different\u0000 between < 10 years group and 10~20 year group (\u0000 P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the other two groups (\u0000 P > 0.05). There was significant difference in the abnormal rate between the two groups\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in pairwise comparison of micronucleus\u0000 detection rate among groups (\u0000 P > 0.05), but there was significant difference in abnormal rate among groups (\u0000 P < 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion The long-term low dose ionizing radiation environment will damage the hematopoietic\u0000 and endocrine system of radiation sensitive human body.\u0000 摘要： 目的 分析 2018—2019 年重庆市部分放射工作人员血常规、染色体畸变率、微核率、甲状腺功能试验体检结 果, 了解放射工作人员的职业健康问题, 为提出合理的建议提供科学依据。\u0000 方法 通过体检系统导出 2018 年 2 656 份, 2019 年 2 922 份, 共计 5 578 份体检结果进行统计与分析。\u0000 结果 对照组、放射组 4 项血常规异常率、染色体畸变 和微核检出率和异常率、甲状腺功能 (T3、T4、TSH) 异常率差异具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05); 放射诊疗和工业探伤四项 血常规异常率、甲状腺功能 (T3、T4、TSH) 异常率、染色体畸变检出率、微核检出率和异常率差异具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05), 染色体异常率无统计学意义 (\u0000 P > 0.05); <10 年组和 10~20 年组差异有统计学意义, 10~20 年组和 ≥20 年组血小板、白细胞、血红蛋白差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05), 红细胞差异无统计学意义 (\u0000 P > 0.05); 甲状腺功能 3 个工龄段异常率差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05), 染色体畸变检出率两两比较 <10 与另两组有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05), 10~20 与 ≥20 差异无统计学意义 (\u0000 P > 0.05), 异常率两两比较差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05); 微核检出率两两比较差 异无统计学意义 (\u0000 P > 0.05), 异常率差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。 结论 长期低剂量电离辐射环境会对射线敏感的人 体造血系统、内分泌系统造成一","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41455412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the current status of the allocation of radiological diagnosis and treatment resources in Linyi","authors":"Wang Lishan, Wang Juncheng, Lin Lanfang, Sun Quanfu, Su Yinping, Wang Yan","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the present state of radiological diagnosis and treatment resources\u0000 allocation and to provide data support for the health administrative department to\u0000 further optimize the allocation of resources in Linyi.\u0000 Methods All hospitals which conducted radiological diagnosis and treatment in the city were\u0000 surveyed. The data were analyzed by using SPSS software.\u0000 Results There were 305 radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions, with 943 sets of\u0000 radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment in Linyi. There were 0.89 sets of diagnostic\u0000 and therapeutic equipment per 10 000 people, and the average number of diagnostic\u0000 and therapeutic equipment per institution in urban areas is 1.48 times that in county\u0000 areas. There were 2 208 radiological diagnosis and treatment staff in the city, and\u0000 each hospital had 7.24 radiation staff, among which the number ofin tertiary, secondary,\u0000 primary and unrated hospitals was 89.63, 17.64, 3.37 and 2.77, respectively.\u0000 Conclusion The allocation of Diagnostic Radiology equipment is out of balance in Linyi, and\u0000 the large-scale Diagnostic Radiology equipment is less and distributed centrally.\u0000 The number of diagnostic and therapeutic radiographers per 10 000 people is insufficient\u0000 and unevenly distributed. Radiological diagnosis and treatment resources should be\u0000 allocated scientifically to promote balanced development among regions and optimize\u0000 the allocation of resources.\u0000 摘要： 目的 了解临沂市放射诊疗资源配置现状, 为卫生行政部门进一步优化资源配置提供数据支撑。\u0000 方法 对全 市所有开展放射诊疗的医院进行普查, 用 SPSS 软件对数据进行统计分析。\u0000 结果 临沂市共有放射诊疗机构 305 家, 放射诊疗设备 943 台, 市民平均每万人拥有放射诊疗设备 0.89 台, 每家机构拥有放射诊疗设备平均数市区是县区的 1.48\u0000 倍。全市共有放射诊疗工作人员 2 208 人, 每家医院拥有放射诊疗工作人员 7.24 人, 其中三级、二级、一级和未评 级医院拥有放射诊疗工作人员数量分别为 89.63、17.64、3.37\u0000 和 2.77 名。\u0000 结论 临沂市放射诊疗设备配置比例失衡, 大型放射诊疗设备配置较少且分布集中, 每万人拥有放射诊疗工作人员数量不足且分布不均。需科学配置放射诊疗 资源, 促进地区间的平衡发展,\u0000 实现资源的优化配置。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44104025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on application of nuclear technology and radiation workers’ occupational health management in non-medical institutions in Huai’an City","authors":"H. Binbin, Xu Zhiyong, He Dongdong, Wang Yinghua, Yang Huan, Lu Gongcheng","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of nuclear technology utilization\u0000 and radiation workers’ occupational health management in non-medical institutions\u0000 in Huai’an City, and to strengthen the prevention and control of occupational radiation\u0000 diseases.\u0000 Methods 37 non-medical institutions of nuclear technology utilization in Huai’an City were\u0000 surveyed by questionnaire, including radioisotope and radiation apparatus, personal\u0000 dose monitoring of radiation workers, implementation of occupational health examination,\u0000 protective equipment, etc.\u0000 Results The industry covers manufacturing industry, transportation, warehousing and postal\u0000 industry, scientific research and technical service industry, residential service,\u0000 repair and other service industries, 0 class I radiation device, 15 class II radiation\u0000 devices, 67 class III radiation devices; 0 class I and II radiation sources, 1 class\u0000 III radiation device, 16 class IV radiation sources, 51 class V radiation sources,\u0000 1 unsealed radioactive material Class B workplace; 493 radiation workers, 90.5% with\u0000 certificates, 85.4% with personal dose monitoring rate, rate of 37.8% with radiation\u0000 protection monitoring equipment, and 68.0% with occupational health examination rate.\u0000 It has 13 institutions equipped with personal protective equipment, 23 with dose alarming\u0000 devices and 14 with radiation protection monitors. 30 radiation workplace tests have\u0000 been carried out in the past two years.\u0000 Conclusion The occupational health management of radiation workers in non-medical institutions\u0000 is weak. At present, the responsibility of occupational health supervision has been\u0000 assigned to the health department. Therefore, the health administrative department\u0000 should strengthen the supervision of non-medical nuclear technology utilization institutions\u0000 and improve the emergency mechanism of radiation emergencies in Huai’an city.\u0000 摘要：目的 调查分析淮安市非医疗单位核技术利用及放射工作人员职业健康管理现状, 加强职业性放射性疾病的 预防与控制。\u0000 方法 编制调查问卷方式对淮安市37家核技术利用非医疗机构进行普查, 包括射线装置和放射源、放 射工作人员个人剂量监测、职业健康检查开展情况、防护设备配备等内容。\u0000 结果 行业覆盖制造业、交通运输、仓储和 邮政业, 科学研宄和技术服务业, 居民服务、修理和其他服务业；I类射线装置0台、II类15台、III类67台；I类、II类 放射源0枚,\u0000 III类1枚, IV类16枚, V类51枚;非密封放射性物质乙级工作场所数1个。放射工作人员493人, 持证 占比90.5%, 个人剂量监测率85.4%, 辐射防护监测仪配备率37.8%,\u0000 职业健康检查率68.0%;配备个人防护用品 13家, 配备剂量报警仪23家, 配备辐射防护监测仪14家;近2年内开展过放射工作场所检测30家。\u0000 结论 非医疗机 构对放射工作人员职业健康管理薄弱, 目前职业健康监管职责己划归卫生部门, 卫生行政部门应加强对非医疗核技术 利用机构的监管, 健全我市放射突发事件的应急机制。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43985875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application on different contrast media concentration in the pancreatic CT angiography scanning","authors":"Li Zhiwei, Zhang Wanjun","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.022","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To compare the effects of the different contrast media concentration on the visualization\u0000 of pancreatic arteries using 64-Detector Spiral CT.\u0000 Methods 120 cases who underwent abdominal enhancement CT scanning were randomly divided into\u0000 group A (\u0000 n = 60) and B (\u0000 n = 60). The contrast media concentration was 300 mgI/ml for group A and 370 mgI/ml\u0000 for group B respectively, both groups shared the same contrast media dose algorithm\u0000 and injection speed, with 0.5 gI/kg body weight and 4 ml/s respectively. Reformating\u0000 the pancreatic arteries via MIP (maximum intensity projection), VR (volume rendering)\u0000 and MPR (multi-planar reconstruction).\u0000 Results The CT value of the abdominal aortic celiac opening of group B is significantly higher\u0000 than A (\u0000 P < 0.01). The visualization scores of pancreatic arteriesin Group B are significantly\u0000 higher than A (\u0000 P < 0.05). The visualization ratios of pancreatic arteriesin Group Bare higher than\u0000 A, the differences of AIPDA、PIPDA、DPA、TPA、PMA、CPA between the 2 Groups have statistically\u0000 significant (\u0000 P < 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion Pancreatic arteries could have a better visualization by using 370 mgI/ml contrast\u0000 media in pancreatic artery scanning.\u0000 摘要： 目的 比较不同浓度对比剂在 64 排螺旋 CT 胰腺动脉检查中的显示效果。\u0000 方法 将本院 120 例行腹部增强 CT 检查的患者随机分成 A、B 两组, 每组各 60 例, 分别注射 300 mgI/ml (A组) 和 370 mgI/ml (B组)\u0000 2 种浓度对比剂, 对比剂用量算法及注射速度两组一致, 分别为 0.5 gI/kg 体重和 4 ml/s。利用 MIP(最大密度投影)、VR(容积重现技 术)、MPR(多平面重组)等技术来显示胰腺动脉。\u0000 结果 B 组腹主动脉腹腔干开口处强化 CT 值明显高于 A 组, 差异 具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.01)。B 组各胰腺动脉显示评分均明显高于 A 组, 差异具有统计学意义(\u0000 P < 0.05)。B 组各胰腺动脉显示率均高于 A 组, 其中 AIPDA、PIPDA、DPA、TPA、PMA、CPA 的差异具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。 结论 当注射 370 mgI/ml 对比剂检查胰腺动脉时, 胰腺各动脉可获得较好的显示。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44054982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three nuclear power plant accidents in history and related public books","authors":"Lei Cuiping, Yuan Long, Sun Quan-fu","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"The peaceful use of nuclear energy has a history of nearly 80 years, and the development\u0000 of nuclear energy in China has been actively and steadily promoted. Up to now, there\u0000 have been three major nuclear power plant accidents in human history: Three Mile Island\u0000 nuclear accident in the United States, Chernobyl nuclear accident in the former Soviet\u0000 Union and Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan. However, the public in our country\u0000 knows little about the three nuclear accidents. This paper introduces some books on\u0000 the three nuclear accidents for the general public, which help the public understand\u0000 the nuclear accidents from a non-professional point of view.\u0000 摘要： 核能和平利用己有将近 80 年的历史, 我国的核能发展也在积极稳步的推进。截止到目前为止, 人类历史上共 发生了 3 起影响巨大的核电站事故:美国的三哩岛核事故,\u0000 前苏联的切尔诺贝利核事故和日本的福岛核事故。但是, 我国公众对这 3 起核事故所知甚少。本文介绍一些关于这 3 起核事故及其相关的图书, 帮助公众从非专业的角度来\u0000 了解核事故。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46038312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standard interpretation of radiological protection requirements for the production places of rare earths","authors":"L. Xiaoliang, Hou Changsong, Lei Shujie, Sun Quanfu","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese national standard GBZ139—2019 Radiological Protection Requirements for the Production Places of Rare Earths was published to replace GBZ 139—2002 Radiological Protection standards for the production places of rare-earth elements and implemented from April 1, 2020. Herein, background on which the new standard\u0000 was based, the main modifications and the foundations were explained. More specific\u0000 requirements for the production places of rare earths were stipulated in the new standard,\u0000 which will play an important role in occupational health protection of the workers\u0000 engaged in the mining, mineral processing and smelting of rare earths.\u0000 摘要： 国家标准《稀土生产场所放射防护要求》(GBZ 139—2019)己经发布, 并于 2020 年 4 月 1 日起实施, 替代《稀土 生产场所中放射卫生防护标准》(GBZ\u0000 139—2002)。本文就标准修订的背景、主要修订的内容和依据等进行说明。新 标准对于稀土生产场所的放射防护提出了更具体的要求, 对保护我国从事稀土矿山开采、选矿和冶炼等工作人员的职\u0000 业健康发挥重要作用。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45048377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study on inversion model of radioactive release source terms","authors":"Zhang Liang, Song Weijie","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Based on the monitoring data, Gaussian plume model and optimization algorithm, the\u0000 inversion model of radioactive release source term was preliminarily studied.\u0000 Methods By comparing the application conditions and performance of several optimization algorithms,\u0000 the accuracy of source term inversion results of different algorithms under the same\u0000 conditions was compared and verified.\u0000 Results The preliminary study of radioactive release source term inversion model shows that\u0000 it is feasible to use the least square method to optimize the inversion model based\u0000 on Gaussian plume. The accuracy of the optimized model is 0.92 times of the measured\u0000 value for flat terrain, and 1.5 times of the measured value for complex terrain, whose\u0000 error is relatively large because of the limitation of the model itself.\u0000 Conclusion The results show that the optimized source term inversion model based on Gaussian\u0000 plume and least square method can better meet the needs of nuclear accident consequence\u0000 assessment and emergency decision-making in terms of computational performance and\u0000 accuracy.\u0000 摘要： 目的 基于监测数据、高斯烟羽模型和优化算法, 初步研宄放射性释放源项反演模型。\u0000 方法 通过比较几种优 化算法的适用条件和性能, 并对相同条件下不同算法源项反演计算结果的准确性进行比较验证。\u0000 结果 通过对放射 性释放源项反演模型初步研宄, 发现基于高斯烟羽的反演模型, 采用最小二乘法优化后进行释放源项反演计算是可行 的。该优化模型对于简单地形下的模拟结果精度较高,\u0000 为实测值的 0.92 倍; 对于复杂地形条件下的模拟结果受模型本 身限制误差相对较大, 为实测值 1.5 倍。\u0000 结论 研宄表明高斯烟羽结合最小二乘法的优化源项反演模型在计算性能和 精度上可更好地满足核事故后果评价和应急决策需求。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41409155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}