中国辐射卫生最新文献

{"title":"Application of 70 kVp tube voltage combined with the FLASH in low-dose CT of pediatric paranasal sinus","authors":"迟婧, Chi Jing, 徐东风, XU Dongfeng, 尹胜男, Yin Shengnan, 丁宁, Ding Ning, 赵雪文, Zhao Xuewen, 计一丁, JI Yiding","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To evaluate the feasibility of dual-source low-dose computed tomography (CT) of the\u0000 paranasal sinus in children, with acquisition at an ultra-low tube voltage (70 kVp)\u0000 combined with the Flash scan.\u0000 Methods CT scans of the paranasal sinus were performed on 80 pediatric patients who were\u0000 divided into two groups according to different protocols (70 kVp protocol with Flash\u0000 scan mode and the iterative reconstruction, pitch 3, the experimental group (group\u0000 A), n = 40; 80 kVp protocol with conventional spiral mode, pitch 1.5, control group (group\u0000 B), n = 40). For each examination, the CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose-length product (DLP)\u0000 and effective dose (ED) were estimated. The image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)\u0000 and overall subjective diagnostic image quality were also evaluated.\u0000 Results The images of these two groups were all satisfied for the clinical diagnosis. For\u0000 radiation dose, the CTDIvol (mGy), DLP (mGycm) and ED (mSv) values of the 70 kVp protocol\u0000 were significantly lower than those of the 80 kVp protocol [CTDIvol: 0.39 ± 0.004\u0000 vs 1.57 ± 0.009 mGy, P < 0.001; DLP: 6.31 ± 0.52 vs 19.88 ± 2.01 mGycm, P < 0.001; ED: 0.024 ± 0.005 vs 0.079 ± 0.016 mSv, P < 0.001. Compared with those of the 80-kVp protocol, the image noise and the SNR\u0000 bone increased, the SNR\u0000 soft-tissue decreased. There was no statistical difference in the subjective scores of the two\u0000 groups of image quality by the two physicians (\u0000 P > 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion When diagnosing the paranasal sinus in children, an ultralow tube voltage (70 kVp)\u0000 combined with the Flash scan technique can reduce the radiation dose significantly\u0000 while maintaining diagnostic image quality with clinically acceptable image noise.\u0000 摘要: 目的 探讨双源CT超低管电压(70 kVp)联合FLASH的扫描技术在儿童鼻旁窦检查中的可行性。\u0000 方法 选 取80例临床怀疑鼻旁窦炎的患儿随机分成A、B两组, 实验组 (A组) 40 例: 管电压70 kVp, 螺距3.0,所得数据采用迭 代算法(SAFIRE)重建;对照组(B\u0000 组) 40例: 管电压80 kVp, 螺距1.5,所得数据采用滤波反投影算法(FBP)重建。分析 比较2组不同扫描方式的主、客观图像质量以及辐射剂量, 包括容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP),\u0000 并计算有效辐射剂量(ED)。\u0000 结果 患者所受的辐射剂量, 实验组的CTDIvol (mGy)、DLP (mGycm)和ED (mSv)较 对照组显著降低 (CTDIvol: 0.39 ± 0.004\u0000 vs 1.57 ± 0.009 mGy, P < 0.001; DLP: 6.31 ± 0.52 vs 19.88 ± 2.01 mGycm, P < 0.001; ED: 0.024 ± 0.005 vs 0.079 ± 0.016 mSv, P < 0.001)。较对照组, 试验组的图像噪声及SNR硬组织均有所增加, SNR软组织则有所下降。2名医师对2组图像质量的主观评分无统计学差异 (\u0000 P > 0.05)。\u0000 结论 超低管电压 (70 kVp) 联 合FLASH扫描技术可明显降低儿童鼻旁窦CT扫描剂量, 且图像质量均满足诊断要求。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42900925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ionizing radiation on the occupational health of radiologists","authors":"Shan Tiemei, Fu Lili, Wang Lidong, Li Yeming, Duan Xiaoxiao, Tian Xinxin, NA Xiangjie","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze peripheral blood hemogram, lymphocyte micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations\u0000 of radiologists, so as to provide basis for occupational protection and health monitoring\u0000 of radiologists.\u0000 Methods Lymphocyte micronucleus, chromosome and blood hemogram analysis were performed on\u0000 127 radiologists who received health examinations in 2015, 2017 and 2019, and they\u0000 were assigned to the radiation group. In addition, 133 medical staff with no history\u0000 of radiation exposure were selected as the control group.\u0000 Results The micronucleus rate and chromosome aberration rate of the radiation group were\u0000 higher than those of the control group, and the white blood cell and platelet counts\u0000 were lower than those of the control group, both of which were statistically significant\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). The total number of white blood cells in peripheral blood of 127 radiologists\u0000 decreased gradually with the increase of exposure time to ionizing radiation, and\u0000 the chromosome aberration rate increased gradually, all of which had statistical significance\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). The rate of chromosomal aberration was higher in radiologists with damage\u0000 work age of more than 20 years than in the low-work age group, and there was no statistical\u0000 significance between different damage work age (\u0000 P > 0.05). The chromosome aberration rate of nuclear medicine and interventional therapy\u0000 was higher than that of other types, with statistical significance (\u0000 P < 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation can reduce the total number of\u0000 white blood cells and increase the chromosome aberration rate of radiologists. It\u0000 is necessary to strengthen the protective measures for radiologists to reduce the\u0000 degree of ionizing radiation damage, especially to strengthen the occupational protection\u0000 for radiologists in nuclear medicine and interventional therapy.\u0000 摘要： 目的 分析放射工作者外周血象、淋巴细胞微核及染色体畸变情况, 为放射工作者职业防护和健康监测提供依 据。\u0000 方法 对 2015 年、2017 年和 2019 年连续 3 次接受健康检查的 127 名放射工作者进行淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血 象分析, 将其设为放射组。另外选取 133\u0000 名无射线接触史的医务人员设为对照组; 结果 放射组中淋巴细胞微核率和 染色体畸变率高于对照组, 白细胞和血小板计数低于对照组, 均具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。127 名放射工作者外周血 白细胞总数随着接触电离辐射时间的增长逐渐降低, 染色体畸变率逐渐增加, 均具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。损害工龄 大于 20 年的放射工作者染色体畸变率高于低工龄组, 不同损害工龄之间比较无统计学意义 (\u0000 P > 0.05)。核医学与介入 治疗工种染色体畸变率高于其他工种, 具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。\u0000 结论 长时间接触低剂量电离辐射可使放射工作 者白细胞总数降低和淋巴细胞染色体畸变率增加, 应加强放射工作者防护措施以备降低电离辐射损伤程度, 特别要加 强核医学和介入治疗放射工作人员的职业防护。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48385550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of gross radioactivity in drinking water around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant from 2016 to 2018","authors":"C. Qun, Y. Xiaoyong, Feng Ziya, Mao Jiayi, Shi Xiaodong","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the background level of total radioactivity in drinking water around\u0000 Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant.\u0000 Methods According to the original plan of the National Health and Family Planning Commission\u0000 of China, the monitoring of gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in drinking water\u0000 during dry and rain periods around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant, and water samples\u0000 were collected including source water, factory water, peripheral water and reservoir\u0000 water.\u0000 Results A gross of 200 water samples were monitored at 35 sampling sites from 2016 to 2018.\u0000 The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in the dry period were (0.038 ± 0.033)\u0000 Bq/L and (0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L. The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in the wet\u0000 period were (0.038 ± 0.024) Bq/L and (0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L. There were statistically\u0000 significant differences in gross α and gross β radioactivity levels between the source\u0000 water and the other water during the dry season (\u0000 P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in gross α and gross β\u0000 radioactivity levels in different years (\u0000 P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in gross α and gross β\u0000 radioactivity levels at different distances from the nuclear power plant (\u0000 P < 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion The gross α level and gross β level of radioactivity in drinking water around Tianwan\u0000 Nuclear Power Plant are in line with the standard of drinking water, regular, fixed\u0000 and continuous monitoring should be carried out, and radionuclide monitoring and radiological\u0000 investigation should be carried out on this basis. In view of the density of personnel\u0000 in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in China, nuclear emergency preparedness training\u0000 should also be strengthened.\u0000 摘要： 目的 了解田湾核电站周边的饮用水中总放射性本底水平。\u0000 方法 根据原国家卫生计划委员会方案要求在田 湾核电站周围开展枯水期、丰水期饮用水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平监测, 采集水样包括水源水、出厂水、末梢水及水库 水。\u0000 结果 2016—2018 年共 35 个采样点监测水样 200 份。枯水期总 α、总 β 放射性水平分别为 (0.038 ± 0.033) Bq/L、(0.11 ± 0.03)\u0000 Bq/L, 丰水期总 α、总 β 放射性水平分别为 (0.038 ± 0.024) Bq/L、(0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L。枯水期的水源水其 他水中总 α、总\u0000 β 放射性水平差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。不同年份的水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。距核电站不同距离的水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平差异有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。\u0000 结论 田湾核电站周边的 饮用水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平均符合生活饮用水标准, 应坚持定期、定点、持续开展监测, 并在此基础上开展放射性 核素监测和放射生态学调查等研宄。考虑到我国核电站周边人员密集,\u0000 应加强人员的核应急培训。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42072374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diagnostic value of chest CT and MRI for lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal cancer","authors":"Ren Xiuhong, Zhang Meifang","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To compare the clinical value of chest CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in\u0000 the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal cancer.\u0000 Methods A retrospective analysis of 90 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer lymph node\u0000 metastasis diagnosed and treated in our hospital from July 2015 to June 2019. All\u0000 patients underwent chest CT and MRI scans after admission, and the lesion tissue samples\u0000 were taken for pathological examination after surgery. Physical examination, with\u0000 pathological diagnosis results as the gold standard, analyze the sensitivity and specificity\u0000 of chest CT and MRI.\u0000 Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive\u0000 value of MRI scan was 88.73%, 94.74%, 98.44%, and 69.23%, respectively, which were\u0000 higher than 69.01%, 52.63%, 84.48%, and 31.25% of the chest CT scan. In the distribution\u0000 of lymph node metastasis, the middle of the thorax was the largest, and the proportions\u0000 of the upper, middle, and lower thoraxes were 26.67%, 60.00%, and 13.33%, respectively.\u0000 The uppermost mediastinal and paratracheal lymph nodes had the largest metastases\u0000 in the upper thorax, the paratracheal and subcarinal lymph nodes in the middle thoracic\u0000 segment had the most metastasis, and the next to the cardia and left gastric artery\u0000 lymph nodes in the lower thorax had the largest metastases. The accuracy of MRI diagnosis\u0000 is higher than that of chest CT.\u0000 Conclusion Both chest CT and MRI can diagnose lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal cancer.\u0000 The diagnostic value of MRI in diagnosing lymph node metastasis of thoracic esophageal\u0000 cancer is better than chest CT. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI in each part of the\u0000 lymph node is higher than that of chest CT, which can show the lymph nodes more clearly\u0000 in transfer situation.\u0000 摘要： 目的 比较胸部计算机断层扫描 (computer tomography, CT) 和磁共振成像 (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) 判断胸段食管癌淋巴结转移的临床价值。\u0000 方法 回顾性分析2015年7月一2019年6月在我院诊治的胸段食管癌淋 巴结转移患者90例, 所有患者在入院后均采用胸部CT和MRI平扫及增强扫描, 并在手术后对病灶组织标本进行病\u0000 理学检测, 以病理诊断结果为金标准, 分析胸部CT和MRI灵敏度和特异度。\u0000 结果 MRI扫描, 灵敏度为88.73%, 特 异度为94.74%, 阳性预测值为98.44%, 阴性预测值为69.23%, 高于胸部CT扫描的69.01%、52.63%、84.48%、31.25%。淋巴结转移分布中,\u0000 胸中段最多, 胸上段、胸中段、胸下段所占比例分别为26.67%、60.00%、13.33%, 胸上段中 最上纵隔和气管旁淋巴结转移最多, 胸中段气管旁、隆突下淋巴结转移最多,\u0000 胸下段贲门旁、胃左动脉旁淋巴结转移最 多, MRI诊断准确率高于胸部CT。\u0000 结论 胸部CT、MRI均能够诊断出胸段食管癌淋巴结转移, MRI诊断胸段食管癌 淋巴结转移的诊断价值优于胸部CT, MRI在胸段淋巴结各部位的诊断准确率高于胸部CT,\u0000 能够更清晰显示淋巴结的 转移情况。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48369496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dose-response relationship between low-dose ionizing radiation and thyroid hormone of medical workers","authors":"Zhang Manyu, L. Ning, Chen Huipeng, Ye Xiaohua, Yao Zhenjiang, Zhong Xinguang","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives To explore the dose-response relationship between low-dose ionizing radiation and\u0000 thyroid hormone levels of radiation medical workers and provide theoretical basis\u0000 for occupational health protection to this population.\u0000 Methods Using a prospective cohort study design, we collected health examination reports\u0000 on employees that worked on jobs with occupational exposure to radiation at hospital\u0000 with individually dose monitoring data for 1 237 workers. The effective cumulative\u0000 radiation dose was divided into three groups: 0~2.586 mSv, 2.586~3.757 mSv, 3.758~31.272\u0000 mSv by the interquartile range. The low-dose group was used as a reference to compare\u0000 the changes in thyroid hormones of medical workers in different cumulative radiation\u0000 dose groups. The generalized linear models and restricted cubic spline model were\u0000 used to examine the association and dose-response relationship between the cumulative\u0000 effective dose and changing thyroid hormones.\u0000 Results There were statistically significant differences in changing thyroxine (T4) and Free\u0000 triiodothyronine (FT3) levels among three different dose groups of 1 237 subjects\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). The results of generalized linear models analysis revealed that 2.586~3.757\u0000 mSv was a significant risk factors of changing T4, with β of 3.514 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.900~6.128) after adjusting for gender, age, working duration, occupation, medical\u0000 level and smoking, while the association with changing FT3 was not observed (\u0000 P > 0.05). The restrictive cubic spline (RCS) model analysis indicated a non-linear\u0000 dose-response correlation between cumulative radiation dose with changing T4 (\u0000 P = 0.023).\u0000 Conclusion Longterm exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation could induce the thyroid damage\u0000 among medical occupational population. And there is a dose-response relationship between\u0000 cumulative radiation dose and changing thyroxine.\u0000 摘要： 目的 探宄低剂量辐射与甲状腺激素水平的剂量-反应关系, 为放射工作人员防护工作重点提供理论依据。\u0000 方法 采用前瞻性队列研宄设计, 收集 1 237 名放射工作人员健康体检报告及个人剂量监测数据。以辐射累积有效剂 量作为观察指标并按照四分位间距分 0~2.586 mSv、2.586~3.757\u0000 mSv、3.758~31.272 mSv 3 组, 低剂量组为参照, 比 较不同累积辐射剂量组放射工作人员甲状腺激素变化情况。采用广义线性模型和限制性立方样条模型分别估计累积\u0000 有效剂量与甲状腺激素变化的关联及剂量反应关系。\u0000 结果 1 237 名放射工作人员的甲状腺素 T4、FT3 水平变化在不 同剂量组间的差异有统计学意义(\u0000 P < 0.05)。调整性别、年龄、工龄、职业、医疗等级和吸烟后, 广义线性模型分析显 示, 2.586~3.757 mSv (\u0000 β = 3.514, 95%\u0000 CI: 0.900~6.128) 与放射工作人员 T4 水平变化显著相关, 而累积有效剂量与 FT3 水平变化无关 (\u0000 P > 0.05)。限制性立方样条分析结果显示, 累积有效剂量连续变化与 T4 水平变化呈非线性剂量反 应关系 (\u0000 P = 0.023)。\u0000 结论 长期低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员甲状腺功能造成一定的损伤, 辐射累积有效剂量与 T4 水平变化存在剂量-反应关系。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44545657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of gross alpha & gross beta radioactivity in surface water of Lixiating in 2014—2019","authors":"T. Kun, X. Bing, W. Hui","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To carry out the gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity monitoring in Lixiating\u0000 surface water in Daming Lake from 2014 to 2019, so as to understand the current situation\u0000 of radioactive environmental quality of surface water in Daming Lake.\u0000 Methods The water samples were collected at Lixiating site during the wet water (March to\u0000 June) and dry water (September to December). After the pre-treatment process of evaporation,\u0000 carbonization and ashing, the samples were measured by the ultra low background level\u0000 α and β counter.\u0000 Results During 2014 to 2019, the gross alpha activity in the surface water of Lixiating water\u0000 in Daming Lake was 0.030-0.066 Bq/L, with an average of 0.048 Bq/L, and the gross\u0000 beta activity was 0.085-0.126 Bq/L, with an average of 0.102 Bq/L.\u0000 Conclusion The surface water of Lixiating in Daming Lake water was not contaminated by radionuclide\u0000 and it was safe for public health.\u0000 摘要： 目的 开展 2014—2019 年济南市大明湖历下亭地表水中总 α、总 β 放射性监测, 了解大明湖地表水放射性环 境质量现状。\u0000 方法 每年于丰水期 (3~6 月) 和枯水期 (9~12 月) 在历下亭点位采集水样, 经过蒸发、炭化、灰化等前 处理过程后, 制成样品源于低本底 α、β 计数器中测量。\u0000 结果 2014—2019 年大明湖历下亭地表水中总α放射性活度 为 0.030~0.066 Bq/L, 均值为 0.048 Bq/L, 总β放射性活度为0.085~0.126\u0000 Bq/L, 均值为 0.102 Bq/L。\u0000 结论 济南市大 明湖历下亭地表水未受到放射性核素污染, 对公众健康是安全的。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49334787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation effects on residents caused by comprehensive utilization of slag in building materials","authors":"Fu Yaping, Song Yiqian, Sun Peng, C. Ling","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study intends to analyze the radioactivity level of slag and its building materials,\u0000 estimate the effective dose of the residents caused by the comprehensive utilization\u0000 of slag in building materials, and provide basis for rational utilization of slag.\u0000 Methods Data of slag production and its comprehensive utilization in building materials,\u0000 radioactive level investigation and detection of slag and building materials in different\u0000 periods and regions were collected from 2005 to 2016. Using the room model of concrete\u0000 structure and the model of calculating equilibrium equivalent radon concentration\u0000 with the specific activity of 226Ra in indoor building materials, the external and internal radiation doses of residents\u0000 caused by comprehensive utilization of slag for building materials were estimated\u0000 respectively, and then the annual additional effective dose and collective dose of\u0000 residents were estimated.\u0000 Results The contents of 226Ra and 232Th in the slag were relatively high, while the contents of 40K were relatively low. The radionuclide content in slag cement decreased significantly.\u0000 The annual additional effective doses of slag used in concrete and cement mixture\u0000 relative to ordinary cement were 40 mSv · a\u0000 –1 and 0.20 mSv · a\u0000 –1 respectively. The annual additional collective dose and 50-year collective dose caused\u0000 by slag used in building materials were 3.87 × 10\u0000 3~1.84 × 10\u0000 4 man · Sv and 1.94 × 10\u0000 5~9.20 × 10\u0000 5 man · Sv respectively.\u0000 Conclusion The comprehensive utilization of slag in building materials increases the additional\u0000 effective dose of residents, so the use of some slag in building materials needs to\u0000 be paid more attention to. In addition, the influence of comprehensive utilization\u0000 of slag in building materials, such as the way, the amount of slag and the amount\u0000 of building materials, on the annual additional effective dose of residents caused\u0000 should also be paid attention to.\u0000 摘要： 目的 本研宄拟分析矿渣及其建材的放射性水平, 估算矿渣综合利用于建材所致居民的有效剂量, 为合理利用 矿渣提供依据。\u0000 方法 收集 2005—2016 年矿渣产生量和综合利用于建材量的资料, 以及不同时期、不同地区的矿渣 及其建材放射性水平调查与检测的资料等。采用混凝土结构房间模型、室内建材中\u0000 226Ra 比活度推算平衡当量氡浓度 的模式分别估算矿渣综合利用于建材所致居民的外照射和内照射剂量, 进而估算居民年附加有效剂量和集体剂量。\u0000 结果 矿渣中 226Ra 和 232Th 的含量相对较高, 40K 含量较低, 矿渣水泥中的放射性核素含量较矿渣中明显降低; 矿渣用 于混凝土和水泥混合材料相对普通水泥住房导致公众附加年有效剂量分别为0.40 mSv · a\u0000 –1 和 0.20 mSv · a\u0000 –1, 矿渣用 于建材所致公众年附加集体剂量和 50 年集体剂量分别为 3.87 × 10\u0000 3~1.84 × 10\u0000 4 人· Sv 和 1.94 × 10\u0000 5~9.20 × 10\u0000 5 人· Sv。\u0000 结论 矿渣综合利用于建材使居民附加有效剂量有所增加, 利用某些矿渣生产建材需要引起一定的重 视;此外, 矿渣综合利用于建材的方式、利用量、建材使用量等对其所致居民年附加有效剂量的影响也需关注。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47806348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical value of CT and SWI in evaluating the occurrence of CMBs in diabetic patients with hypertension","authors":"He Guanghui, Zhang Haiqing, L. Xinhua, Ding Wenyu, Liu Lei, Zhang Yong, X. Wen","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.023","url":null,"abstract":"Objective With the help of computerized tomography (CT) and susceptibility-weighted imaging\u0000 (SWI) examinations, to analyze and compare the incidence and the prevalent sites of\u0000 microbleeds (CMBs) in control group, diabetes group, hypertension group and diabetic\u0000 hypertension group with intracerebral CMBs. The risk factors for the onset of CMBs\u0000 also will be explored, in order to provide a basis for the selection of clinical diagnosis\u0000 and treatment options for CMBs.\u0000 Methods A collection of 174 non-acute patients in the Department of Neurology of Shandong\u0000 Electric Power Central Hospital from May 2019 to October 2020, including 101 males\u0000 and 73 females, aged 45–89 years, with an average age of 72 ± 5 years. Divided into\u0000 four groups according to disease types: Hypertension with type 2 diabetes group, Hypertension\u0000 group, Type 2 diabetes group, Control group (no hypertension and type 2 diabetes).\u0000 All patients underwent CT and MRI SWI sequence scans. The 4 groups of patients were\u0000 matched in terms of gender and age, excluding the influence of gender and age. The\u0000 incidence, number and distribution of CMBs in the four groups were counted, and the\u0000 CT and SWI imaging manifestations of CMBs in the four groups were analyzed and compared.\u0000 Results CT did not find the incidence of CMBs in the brain of patients. SWI imaging showed\u0000 that CMBs were detected in 58 of 174 patients (incidence rate 33.3%), and CMBs occurred\u0000 in 24 cases of diabetes and hypertension group (incidence rate 57.1%). CMBs occurred\u0000 in 21 cases in the hypertension group (incidence rate 46.7%), 8 cases in the diabetes\u0000 group (incidence rate 22.2%), and CMBs occurred in 5 cases in the control group (incidence\u0000 rate 9.8%). The incidence of CMBs in the hypertension group and the diabetes combined\u0000 with hypertension group was significantly higher than that in the control group (\u0000 P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of CMBs in patients\u0000 with simple diabetes compared with the control group. Also, there was no significant\u0000 difference in the incidence of CMBs between the diabetes combined with hypertension\u0000 group and the simple hypertension group.\u0000 Conclusion CT did not find the incidence of CMBs in the brains of patients in the non-acute\u0000 phase. SWI could clearly show the CMBs of the enrolled patients. Diabetes is less\u0000 likely to cause an increase in CMBs. Hypertension is significantly related to the\u0000 occurrence of CMBs. CMBs associated with hypertension or/and diabetes are common in\u0000 the basal ganglia and thalamus, which is different from cerebral amyloid angiopathy,\u0000 which provides a basis for the choice of clinical treatment options.\u0000 摘要： 目的 借助电子计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁敏感加权成像(SWI)检查, 分析比较对照组、糖尿病组、高血压病组 及糖尿病合并高血压病组患者伴发脑内微出血 (CMBs)的发生率及好发部位,\u0000 探讨CMBs发病危险因素, 以期为 CMBs临床诊疗方案选择提供依据。\u0000 方法 搜集山东电力中心医院2019年5月一2020年10月神经内科住院非急性 期病人174例, 其中男性101例, 女性73例, 年龄45〜89岁, 平均年龄(72 ±\u0000 5)岁。按病种分为4组：高血压病合并 2型糖尿病组、高血压病组、2型糖尿病组、对照组(无高血压病及2型糖尿病)。所有患者均行CT和MRI SWI序列扫 描, 4组患者性别、年龄方面差异无统计学意义。统计4组患者CMBs发","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46819495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of MR imaging for prediction of CT imaging","authors":"Xiang Qianyi, Xie Kai, Gao Liugang, Sun Jiawei, Ni Xinye, J. Zhuqing","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.03.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.03.021","url":null,"abstract":"Medical images can provide clinicans with accurate and comprehensive patients’ information.\u0000 Morphological or functional abnormalities caused by various diseases can be manifested\u0000 in many aspects. Although MR images and CT images can highlight the medical image\u0000 data of different tissue structures of patients, single MR images or CT images cannot\u0000 fully reflect the complexity of diseases. Using MR image to predict CT image is one\u0000 of the cross-modal prediction of medical images. In this paper, the methods of MR\u0000 image prediction for CT image are classified into four categoriesincluding registration\u0000 based on atlas, based on image segmentationmethod, based on learning method and based\u0000 on deep learning method. In our research, we concluded that the method based on deep\u0000 learning should bemore promoted in the future by compering the existing problems and\u0000 future development of MR image predicting CT image method.\u0000 摘要： 医学图像可以为医生提供准确和全面的病患信息。由于人体因各种疾病引起的形态或功能异常可以表现在很 多方面, MR 图像和 CT 图像能重点呈现出患者不同组织结构的医学图像数据,\u0000 但单独的 MR 图像或者 CT 图像不能 全面反应出疾病的复杂性。MR 图像预测 CT 图像属于医学图像跨模态预测的一种, 将 MR 图像预测 CT 图像的方法 分为\u0000 4 类, 基于图集的方法、基于图像分割的方法、基于学习的方法和基于深度学习的方法。本文对 MR 图像预测 CT 图像的各类方法、存在问题和未来发展方向进行综述, 得出结论基于深度学习的方法应是未来跨模态预测的主要\u0000 方法。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43642322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of fluence smoothing on the dosimetry of cervical cancer radiotherapy","authors":"Qiu Gang, Fang Baoshuan, W. Qiang, Chen Li, Zhang Xiaoxiao, Cao Can, LI Qinghao, Huan Ran, Wang Lu","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore the dosimetric differences of radiotherapy plan for cervical cancer with\u0000 4 different fluence smoothing (FS) parameters using Monaco treatment planning system\u0000 (Monaco TPS).\u0000 Methods Fifteen patients with I B2 stage cervical cancer in our hospital were enrolled in\u0000 this study. And a 2 Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plan for each patient\u0000 were completed by Monaco 5.11 TPS according to the X-Ray Voxel Monte Carlo (XVMC)\u0000 method. For each plan was optimized by FS function, with the level of Off, Low, Medium\u0000 and High. To compare the difference of plan optimization time, conformity index (\u0000 CI), Homogeneity index (\u0000 HI), D\u0000 mean, D\u0000 min, D\u0000 2% of PTV, dose to the organ at risk (OAR), the number of Segments# and MU#, estimated\u0000 total delivery time (ETDT), quantum Efficiency (QE) of the plans, the formation of\u0000 Segments# with the same angle and verification of inserting 729 two-dimensional matrix\u0000 into PTW octavius 4D module of different FS function levels, with the precondition\u0000 of the Prescription isodose curve covering 95% of the target area. The data was analysed\u0000 by multivariate factor analysis with the application of SPSS, and P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. And the Planned revenue score\u0000 of different FS levels was also calculated.\u0000 Results Except for the D\u0000 min of PTV (the lowest value is (32.09 ± 0.26) Gy for the Off group, and the highest\u0000 value is (35.98 ± 0.42) Gy for the High group), V\u0000 40 of the rectum (the lowest value in the Medium group is 55.88% ± 2.02%, and the highest\u0000 value in the High group was 61.90% ± 2.98%) and bladder (the lowest value was 45.01%\u0000 ± 2.08% in the Medium group, and the highest value is 50.45% ± 1.98% in the High group),\u0000 the V\u0000 20 (the lowest value High group was 49.05% ± 1.98%, the highest value Off group was\u0000 56.52 ± 1.75%) of femoral head (\u0000 P < 0.05), there was no significant difference of the dose assessment results for PTV\u0000 and OARs in 4 different FS function levels. In the High level, the ETDT, QE and MU#\u0000 were showed better than other groups evidently, however, the number of Segments# showed\u0000 no significant difference. The plan validation results was increased with the improvement\u0000 of FS function level, and the level of High was considered to be the optimal. To compare\u0000 the score of overall benefits of the plan, the level of Medium (−17.18 ± 0.05) got\u0000 the highest score, and the Low group (−17.58 ± 0.05) and the High group (−17.42 ±\u0000 0.06) have similar scores, and Off group (−18.81 ± 0.08) has the lowest score.\u0000 Conclusion Different FS levels of the Monaco 5.11 TPS can optimize the radiotherapy plan for\u0000 cervical cancer, but the level of Medium is considered to be the most applicable.\u0000 摘要： 目的 研宄 Monaco 计划系统 (Monaco Treatment planning system, Monaco TPS) 应用不同通量平滑度 (Fluence\u0000 smoothing, FS) 的情况下, 对宫颈癌放射治疗的剂量学影响。\u0000 方法 选取 I B2 期宫颈癌患者 15 例进行入组实验, 使用 瑞典医科达公司 Monaco 5.11TPS 的 X 射线体素蒙特卡洛 (X-ray voxel Monte\u0000 Carlo, XVMC) 算法, 对每例入组病例分 别进行由 Off〜High 4 个不同等级通量优化平滑作用下,","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66733647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}