Inorganic Materials: Applied Research最新文献

{"title":"Higher Density Large-Format Corundum Refractory Materials Obtained through Co-Sintering","authors":"A. M. Poskotinova,&nbsp;B. L. Krasnyi,&nbsp;K. I. Ikonnikov,&nbsp;A. L. Galganova,&nbsp;D. I. Vershinin,&nbsp;O. I. Rodimov,&nbsp;D. D. Bernt,&nbsp;A. S. Sizova","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325701278","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325701278","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The corundum refractory material having a dense structure is obtained using vibration molding and co-sintering, These materials have open porosity and average density compatible with those obtained through casting. The optimal parameters are determined for a filler for a concrete mass for molding.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 4","pages":"1222 - 1228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Damage and Particle Ejection during Irradiation of Vanadium with Pulsed Flows of Ions and Plasma in the Plasma Focus Device","authors":"V. N. Kolokoltsev,&nbsp;S. A. Maslyaev,&nbsp;V. N. Pimenov,&nbsp;A. S. Demin,&nbsp;E. V. Morozov,&nbsp;N. A. Epifanov,&nbsp;I. V. Borovitskaya,&nbsp;E. V. Demina,&nbsp;I. P. Sasinovskaya,&nbsp;A. I. Gaidar","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700418","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700418","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The damageability of the vanadium surface and ejection of microdroplets from it into the vacuum chamber of the Plasma Focus Vikhr setup was studied under the influence of pulsed ion and plasma flows (working gas was deuterium or helium) with a radiation power density of ~10⁶–10⁸ W/cm². It was shown that, as a result of pulsed heating, a liquid film—a thin layer of vanadium melt—is formed on the surface of the sample. Under the action of plasma flow moving parallel to the vanadium sample surface at a high speed, Kelvin–Helmholtz instability occurs, which leads to the formation of waves on the molten layer surface. Impact of plasma flow and powerful acoustic pulses arising from pulsed irradiation of the sample leads to the disruption of liquid vanadium microdroplets and their transfer to the surface of the copper screen-collector. The possible influence of such processes on the operation of controlled thermonuclear fusion facilities is noted.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"589 - 595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Activation of Reinforcing UHMWPE Fibers on the Properties of Composite Materials","authors":"N. V. Korneeva,&nbsp;I. Sh. Abdullin","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700510","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700510","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results obtained in the study of the influence of UHMWPE fibers activation by nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma of a radio-frequency capacitive discharge at reduced pressure and direct fluorination on the properties and failure mode of the fibers and composite materials based on them. The application of activated UHMWPE fiber for reinforcing epoxy and epoxy-urethane matrices makes it possible to produce light-weight composite materials (CM) with high physicomechanical indices. The interaction between the fiber and the matrix during the production of CM can be increased both by activating the fiber and by choosing the composition of the matrix. The plasma treatment and direct fluorination appeared to be particularly effective for study of the effect of fiber activation on the bending and shear properties of the composite, thus demonstrating a high increase in the interaction at the fiber/matrix interface. After the plasma treatment of SK-75 fibers, the composites based on Epicot-828 and EPUR matrices had increased bending strength σ_b by a factors of 3 from 155 to 470 MPa and 2.96 (about 3) from 145 to 430 MPa, respectively. The shear strength τ_sh increased by the factors of 1.66 from 12 to 20 MPa and 1.57 from 18 to 30 MPa for the composites reinforced with plasma-activated SK-75 fibers based on Epicot-828 and on EPUR matrices respectively. The composite shear τ_sh and bending strength σ_b increased by the factors of 2.2 from 10 to 22 MPa and 2 from 160 to 320 MPa for CM based on Epicot-828 reinforced with activated SK-75 fibers by direct fluorination. Activation of the fiber with the help of plasma and fluorination allows оne to make polyethylene plastic a monolithic composite. The failure mode of such composites points to the high strength of the bond between the fiber and the matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"667 - 678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Methods of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis and Infiltration to Obtain W–Cu Pseudo-Alloy","authors":"V. Yu. Barinov,&nbsp;S. S. Manokhin,&nbsp;Yu. R. Kolobov","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700789","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700789","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The possibility of synthesis of a tungsten–copper pseudo-alloy by the infiltration method in the highly exothermic reaction of combustion of silicon in nitrogen as a heating source has been studied. Under the action of heat released during combustion, the porous tungsten frame was impregnated with molten copper. The pseudo-alloys with a relative density of 0.9 was synthesized.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"877 - 880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Oxygen and Bismuth Impurities on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Nickel Melts","authors":"K. S. Filippov","doi":"10.1134/S207511332570087X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S207511332570087X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a lack of publications devoted to the combined influence of oxygen and bismuth impurities on the structural and physicochemical properties of nickel melts or heat-resistant alloys based on it. This study examines the state of pure nickel melts and nickel containing (0.005–0.01) bismuth and oxygen during the refining process from oxygen and bismuth impurities. The influence of these impurities on the structural and physicochemical properties was studied, evaluated according to the parameters of density and surface tension of the melts. In nickel melts with bismuth and oxygen, a compression effect and negative deviation from Raoult’s law were observed. An effect of increased surface tension of a nickel melt containing oxygen with increasing bismuth concentration was found, which corresponds to the isotherm of desorption of excess substance from the surface into the bulk.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"949 - 956"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Al–Fe/SiO2 and Al–Co/SiO2 Catalysts by Solid-Phase Method","authors":"V. A. Artyukh,&nbsp;V. N. Borshch,&nbsp;V. S. Yusupov,&nbsp;S. Ya. Zhuk,&nbsp;V. A. Zelensky,&nbsp;B. F. Belelyubsky","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700881","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700881","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Powders of catalysts are obtained from Fe and Co aluminides on a SiO₂ support (33.3 wt %) by thermomechanical synthesis. The formation of coarse powder fractions (&gt;100 μm) is experimentally found, the parts of which are ~43% and ~55% for Fe–Al–SiO₂ and Co–Al–SiO₂, respectively, which is a positive result for further catalytic studies. After calcination of the powders at 700 and 900°C in vacuum, the SiO₂ support and a compound Co₂₇Al₇₃ (similar in composition to intermetallic compounds of the CoAl₃ and Co₄Al₁₃ type) and intermetallic Fe₃Al with the presence of iron silicide of the Fe_0.9Si_0.1 type and a compound Al_0.3Fe₃Si_0.7 in small volumes are identified in the composition of the obtained catalysts by X-ray diffraction. Concerning the synthesis of cobalt aluminides, a conclusion is made about more efficient calcination at 900°C than at 700°C. For Fe–Al–SiO₂ powders, it is reasonable to carry out calcination in a temperature range of 700–750°C with an assumption about the effect of the SiO₂ support on the thermosynthesis of iron aluminides. An experimental analysis of the morphology and elemental composition of the surface of the obtained samples is presented. It is found that the catalyst powders have medium sphericity and angularity. Fe–Al–SiO₂ powders have a more developed surface than Co–Al–SiO₂. Lower intermetallic compounds are predominantly formed on the surface of the Co–Al–SiO₂ sample. Correction of the modes of mechanical alloying by means of fragmentation of the process, variation of the intensity of its parameters, and different conditions of calcination for Co–Al–SiO₂ and Fe–Al–SiO₂ are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"957 - 962"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Zr-1% Nb (E110) Alloy Cladding during Thermal Tests of VVER-1000 Fuel Elements Simulating Dry Storage Conditions","authors":"G. P. Kobylyansky,&nbsp;I. N. Volkova,&nbsp;E. A. Zvir,&nbsp;P. A. Ilyin,&nbsp;A. V. Obukhov,&nbsp;D. E. Markelov,&nbsp;E. V. Chertopyatov,&nbsp;A. O. Mazaev","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700807","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700807","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermal tests of two types were performed in helium to simulate dry storage conditions for fuel rods with claddings made of Zr-1% Nb (E110) alloy which had been operated in the VVER-1000 reactors up to the average calculated fuel burnup values of 20, 63 and 70 MWd/kg U. The first type of tests was performed under two conditions: steady-state (holding at <i>T</i> = 380°C for 468 days) and thermal cycling (48 thermal cycles at 90°С/380°C with the different duration of cycles from 1 to 10 days and total time of testing was 427 days). The second type of tests had two stages. At the first stage, two modes were achieved: vacuum drying (step-by-step heating and holding at each stage for a day at temperatures of 200, 400, and 440°C) and vacuum drying together with a simulated design basis accident (there was a step-by-step temperature reduction from 440 to 380 and to 360°С after vacuum drying and the time of holding was 14 and 168 hours, respectively). Fuel rods were held at <i>T</i> = 350°С for 404 days at the second stage. The thermal impact caused a decrease in the density of radiation-induced 〈<i>a</i>〉-type dislocations, the ratio of Nb atoms in β-Nb particles, and the size of the particles. Radiation-induced defects in the structure annealed more severely as a result of thermal tests of the first type as compared to the second type. Partial annealing of the radiation-induced defects led to a partial regain of the yield strength of the claddings to the original values to a greater extent in the longitudinal direction rather than in the transverse one. The better recovery of yield strength as a result of thermal tests of the first type rather than of the second type is due to the higher efficiency of temperature impact as a function of time on the microstructure of the E110 alloy that is estimated as the relevant cumulative annealing parameter. Different conditions of each thermal test did not lead to a significant difference in the yield strength recovery. Tensile stresses that occurred in the claddings at high temperatures during thermal tests of both types contributed to the reorientation of zirconium hydrides as the radial orientation factor <i>F</i>_n increased to 0.3 with a minor decrease in their specific length. It did not cause a reduction in the plasticity of the claddings because of the low degree of hydrogenation.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"887 - 899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Particle Size of Aluminum Oxide Powder on Sintering of Ceramics in a Constant Magnetic Field","authors":"A. P. Klishin,&nbsp;S. A. Ghyngazov,&nbsp;V. I. Vereshchagin","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700686","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The properties of ceramics obtained by sintering of compacts from ultrafine and microfine aluminum oxide powders in a constant magnetic field were studied. Aluminum oxide activation sintering in a constant magnetic field makes it possible to reduce the sintering temperature of ceramics while simultaneously improving its quality. It was found that the effect of the magnetic field is most pronounced when sintering compacts from micropowders. It was determined that the density, microhardness, and tensile strength significantly exceed the corresponding values established for ceramics obtained by sintering of compacts of ultrafine aluminum oxide in a magnetic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"804 - 811"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Dynamics of Carbonizing Cotton Fibers by Microwave Radiation in Air","authors":"E. V. Matveev,&nbsp;A. I. Gajdar,&nbsp;B. A. Lapshinov,&nbsp;A. V. Mamontov,&nbsp;V. V. Berestov","doi":"10.1134/S2075113325700868","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S2075113325700868","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dynamics of microwave heating in air of samples made of the cotton fibers pretreated with H₃PO₄ solution is studied using the spectral pyrometry technique. Microwave heating is carried out in an open-type quartz reactor. The thermal spectra of the heated samples are recorded with a small-sized HR2000+ spectrometer in the near-infrared range (650–1080 μm). These spectra allowed determining the temperature of the samples. It is established that the change in the temperature of the sample during heating has three characteristic regions: low-temperature, unstable temperature, and temperature stabilization domain. It is shown that, after 70–75 s from the onset of heating, the carbonization process begins in the local regions of the sample. The effect of generating heat is established. The results of comparative study of the structure and elemental composition of samples before and after microwave heating are reported. It is found that, after 180 s of heating, the fibers become significantly thinner, although they retain integrity along the length. Carbonized fibers contain a significant amount of phosphorus, having the maximum concentration in the outer layers of the sample amounting to 15–20%. Video recording showed that the irradiation process results in developing irregular slit-shaped cavities on the surface of the sample. Inside these cavities, there are electrical discharges and ignitions that contribute to the heating process. The dependence of the intensity of open burning of the sample on the concentration of the impregnating H₃PO₄ solution is established.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"941 - 948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Causes of Destruction of Materials Obtained by the Cold Gas-Dynamic Spraying during Their Operation in a Vacuum","authors":"K. A. Frolov,&nbsp;A. A. Stepnov,&nbsp;I. V. Belyaev,&nbsp;V. E. Bazhenov,&nbsp;P. S. Mogilnikov","doi":"10.1134/S207511332570056X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S207511332570056X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article studies the causes of destruction of materials applied by cold gas-dynamic spraying (CGDS) to the surface of products operating in a vacuum. A-20-11 material, which is a mechanical mixture of aluminum, zinc, and corundum powders, was chosen for the experiments. Methods of X-ray computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry, as well as method of determination of gases in metals, were used in the work. It is shown that materials obtained by CGDS method have no open porosity. Heating the carrier gas to 400°C does not lead to fusion of the coating material. It was found that it contains of hydrogen and oxygen, which are apparently located on the surface of sprayed material particles (aluminum, zinc, and corundum powders) in the form of adsorbed moisture. Heating the coating material leads to its evaporation. Expansion of resulting steam is the most likely cause of coating failure. The results obtained were used to improve the technology of applying CGDS coatings to the surface of products operating in a vacuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"709 - 713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}