Inorganic Materials最新文献

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Synthesis of Semiorganic Crystals of Aluminum Guanidine Sulfate and Zinc Guanidine Sulfate, Raman Spectroscopy and Measurement of the Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency 硫酸胍嘧啶铝和硫酸胍锌半有机晶体的合成、拉曼光谱及二次谐波产生效率的测定
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S002016852670007X
D. V. Belov, S. N. Belyaev, N. A. Sorokoletova, E. I. Serebrov, S. S. Arsentiev, D. B. Radishchev, M. O. Marychev
{"title":"Synthesis of Semiorganic Crystals of Aluminum Guanidine Sulfate and Zinc Guanidine Sulfate, Raman Spectroscopy and Measurement of the Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency","authors":"D. V. Belov,&nbsp;S. N. Belyaev,&nbsp;N. A. Sorokoletova,&nbsp;E. I. Serebrov,&nbsp;S. S. Arsentiev,&nbsp;D. B. Radishchev,&nbsp;M. O. Marychev","doi":"10.1134/S002016852670007X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S002016852670007X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, nonlinear optical materials were synthesized—zinc guanidine sulfate ([C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub>Zn(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) and aluminum guanidine sulfate ([C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]Al(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>). Based on the results of IR and Raman spectroscopy of the obtained materials, their purity was established, and the content of aluminum and zinc cations was proven. The phase composition of the obtained double zinc and aluminum guanidine sulfates was determined using X-ray phase analysis. The results of the experiment on detection of second harmonic generation of optical materials showed that the mean effective square nonlinear susceptibility of zinc guanidine sulfate is 112% relative to potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP).</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"367 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermolysis of Substitutional Solid Solutions and Composites Based on Polyantimonic Acid Containing Nb5+ Ions 含Nb5+离子的聚锑酸取代固溶体及其复合材料的热裂解
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700263
L. Yu. Kovalenko, L. M. Loginovskikh, D. A. Zakhar’evich, V. A. Burmistrov, K. G. Belova
{"title":"Thermolysis of Substitutional Solid Solutions and Composites Based on Polyantimonic Acid Containing Nb5+ Ions","authors":"L. Yu. Kovalenko,&nbsp;L. M. Loginovskikh,&nbsp;D. A. Zakhar’evich,&nbsp;V. A. Burmistrov,&nbsp;K. G. Belova","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700263","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermolysis stages of Nb forms of polyantimonic acid that crystallize in the pyrochlore structure and composites based on polyantimonic acid containing Nb<sup>5+</sup> ions have been identified in the temperature range 24–700°C. In the INTRODUCTION section, we depict distinctive structural features of polyantimonic acid: the presence of water molecules on particular crystallographic sites and adsorbed water molecules. In connection with this, the objectives of this work were to determine the amount of water of hydration in H<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2–<i>х</i></sub>Nb<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>6</sub>∙<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O samples and model the thermolysis process. Using a number of experimental techniques—X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, and IR spectroscopy—we have identified thermolysis stages, determined the phase composition of the thermolysis products, and proposed structural formulas of the synthesized compounds with allowance for the thermolysis model. The amount of water of hydration in the sample with the highest dopant concentration, <i>x</i> = 0.4, has been shown to be <i>n</i> = 5.34; the undoped sample, with <i>x</i> = 0, has <i>n</i> = 3.10. The content of water of hydration in the <i>x</i> = 0.6 composite, having the best proton-conducting properties, is <i>n</i> = 4.85. It seems likely that the proton conduction mechanism is influenced by the nonequivalence of the proton-containing groups, as evidenced by thermal analysis and IR spectroscopy data.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"542 - 549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147967976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural and Spectroscopic Studies of (NH4Cl)[Ni2(H2O)6(Se2O5)Cl2] and (RbBr)[Ni(HSeO3)2(H2SeO3)0.5(H2O)0.5]—New Members of the Transition Metal (Hydro)Selenite-Halide Family (NH4Cl)[Ni2(H2O)6(Se2O5)Cl2]和(RbBr)[Ni(HSeO3)2(H2SeO3)0.5(H2O)0.5] -过渡金属(氢)亚硒酸盐族新成员的结构和光谱研究
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700433
D. O. Charkin, A. M. Gorianskii, V. Yu. Grishaev, A. A. Kompanchenko, A. N. Gosteva, S. M. Aksenov
{"title":"Structural and Spectroscopic Studies of (NH4Cl)[Ni2(H2O)6(Se2O5)Cl2] and (RbBr)[Ni(HSeO3)2(H2SeO3)0.5(H2O)0.5]—New Members of the Transition Metal (Hydro)Selenite-Halide Family","authors":"D. O. Charkin,&nbsp;A. M. Gorianskii,&nbsp;V. Yu. Grishaev,&nbsp;A. A. Kompanchenko,&nbsp;A. N. Gosteva,&nbsp;S. M. Aksenov","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700433","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700433","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Single crystals of two new nickel diselenite/hydroselenite halides, (NH<sub>4</sub>Cl)[Ni<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>(Se<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)Cl<sub>2</sub>] (<b>1</b>) and (RbBr)[Ni(HSeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.5</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>0.5</sub>] (<b>2</b>), were produced upon evaporation of aqueous solutions containing nickel and rubidium (ammonium) halide and selenious acid. Both structures correspond to new structure types. That of <b>1</b> is comprised of neutral [Ni<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>(Se<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)Cl<sub>2</sub>] chains aligned into weakly bonded layers linked by hydrogen bonding. The ammonium cations and extra chloride anions reside in the interlayer space. The structure of <b>2</b> belong to the family of the so-called “layered hydroselenites” with neutral [Ni(HSeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] layers decorated by Br<sup>–</sup> and linked by H<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub> molecules into a weak hydrogen-bonded framework with Rb<sup>+</sup> cations filling the voids therein. Under the same conditions, no analogies have hitherto been found to the products formed in related systems containing copper, cobalt, or zinc halides.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"664 - 674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Thermal Tests Modeling the VVER-1000 Fuel Rods Dry Storage Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Claddings 模拟VVER-1000燃料棒干贮存条件的热试验对包壳组织和力学性能的影响
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700093
I. N. Volkova, G. P. Kobylyansky, E. A. Zvir, P. A. Ilyin, A. V. Obukhov, D. E. Markelov, E. V. Chertopyatov, G. V. Shishalova
{"title":"Effect of Thermal Tests Modeling the VVER-1000 Fuel Rods Dry Storage Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Claddings","authors":"I. N. Volkova,&nbsp;G. P. Kobylyansky,&nbsp;E. A. Zvir,&nbsp;P. A. Ilyin,&nbsp;A. V. Obukhov,&nbsp;D. E. Markelov,&nbsp;E. V. Chertopyatov,&nbsp;G. V. Shishalova","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700093","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion state of fuel rod claddings made of zirconium alloys of various compositions, which operated as part of fuel assemblies of various designs in VVER-1000 reactors to fuel burnup from ~20 to ~64 (MW day)/kgU, are studied. Some of them are tested in electrically heated units under conditions modeling dry storage. The influence of a temperature–time action on the fuel rods and the accompanying stresses in the claddings on their microstructure, state of an oxide film, and mechanical properties is analyzed. A relationship is revealed between the change in the mechanical properties of the claddings under the influence of thermal tests and the change in the microstructure of the cladding material.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"384 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electron Beam Powder Coating on Titanium Alloy in a Fore-Vacuum 钛合金的前真空电子束粉末涂层
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700378
A. A. Zenin, A. S. Klimov, A. V. Dolgova, V. A. Burdovitsin, E. M. Oks, L. J. Ngon A Kiki, F. A. Sukhovolsky
{"title":"Electron Beam Powder Coating on Titanium Alloy in a Fore-Vacuum","authors":"A. A. Zenin,&nbsp;A. S. Klimov,&nbsp;A. V. Dolgova,&nbsp;V. A. Burdovitsin,&nbsp;E. M. Oks,&nbsp;L. J. Ngon A Kiki,&nbsp;F. A. Sukhovolsky","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700378","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of electron beam coating with titanium carbide (TiC) and silicon carbide (SiC) powders onto a titanium substrate (VT-1.0) in the fore-vacuum pressure range. The electron beam was generated by an electron source with a plasma cathode. It is shown that powder coating in a fore-vacuum is more effective than in a high vacuum due to a multiple increase in the proportion of powder absorbed by the melt from 2.5% (at 10<sup>–3</sup> Pa) to 11% (at 4 Pa). It was found that heavier SiC particles are less susceptible to scattering during radiation exposure. The application of both types powders significantly increases the microhardness of the surface layer from 1 GPa (base material) to 7–8.8 GPa.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"625 - 631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magnesium-Thermal SHS of Silicon Carbide Using Graphite Powders as a Carbon Source 以石墨粉为碳源的碳化硅镁热SHS
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700160
N. S. Shibakova, V. V. Zakorzhevsky, M. I. Alymov, I. A. Shibakov, I. D. Kovalev, N. I. Mukhina
{"title":"Magnesium-Thermal SHS of Silicon Carbide Using Graphite Powders as a Carbon Source","authors":"N. S. Shibakova,&nbsp;V. V. Zakorzhevsky,&nbsp;M. I. Alymov,&nbsp;I. A. Shibakov,&nbsp;I. D. Kovalev,&nbsp;N. I. Mukhina","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700160","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700160","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silicon carbide powders are produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Silicon dioxide, magnesium, and carbon are used as reactants, and the reduction reaction between them occurs in an argon or air atmosphere. Graphite powders of various particle sizes and V-1 colloidal graphite substance are used as carbon sources. The optimum SiC synthesis conditions are determined. The morphology of the powders is typical of silicon carbide synthesized by magnesium-thermal SHS. X-ray diffraction data indicate the predominance of the cubic modification of silicon carbide (β-SiC) in the synthesized product.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"449 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Samples of Heat-Resistant Nickel Alloy Obtained by Rotary (Inertia) Friction Welding 旋转(惯性)摩擦焊接耐热镍合金试样的物理力学性能研究
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700135
A. V. Babaytsev, T. T. Fozilov
{"title":"Study of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Welded Samples of Heat-Resistant Nickel Alloy Obtained by Rotary (Inertia) Friction Welding","authors":"A. V. Babaytsev,&nbsp;T. T. Fozilov","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700135","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of a study on the influence of friction stir welding modes and subsequent heat treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of the deformable heat-resistant nickel alloy VZh175-ID. The study examines the processes of rotational (inertial) friction welding with and without preheating (grinding). Metallographic studies show a significant difference in the mechanisms of alloy hardening during heat treatment of samples obtained by rotational friction welding. The samples showed a deformation texture and elongation of particles in the direction of rotation. In the base material zone, hardening occurs through the mechanism of precipitation of strengthening intermetallic compounds ranging in size from 0.5 to 10 μm with a total grain size of 3 to 24 μm. In the zone of thermomechanical impact, grain coarsening was observed, and the separated γ'-phase particles were irregularly rounded in shape with the formation of carbides. Mechanical tests were performed. In a welded joint, hardening occurs through grain refinement, with grain size reduced by 2–3 times relative to the base material. The particles of the primary, secondary, and tertiary γ'-phase that are released retain their proportions relative to grain size, as in the base material. The hardening of two different mechanisms is equivalent, but due to grain growth in the modified zone, additional technological measures must be taken, since the mismatch in grain size leads to embrittlement and can serve as a source of crack initiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"422 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of X-ray Radiation on the Microstructure and Properties of Composite Polytetrafluoroethylenes x射线辐射对复合聚四氟乙烯微观结构和性能的影响
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700287
E. V. Vinogradov, N. G. Valko, N. A. Bulychev, V. G. Lugin
{"title":"Impact of X-ray Radiation on the Microstructure and Properties of Composite Polytetrafluoroethylenes","authors":"E. V. Vinogradov,&nbsp;N. G. Valko,&nbsp;N. A. Bulychev,&nbsp;V. G. Lugin","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700287","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study investigated the influence of soft (λ = 0.154 nm) and hard (λ = 0.02 nm) X-ray radiation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a fluoropolymer composite. The object of research for studying radiation interaction with fluoropolymer composites was the fluoropolymer material with carbon nanofibers “Superfluvis,” developed at the V.A. Bely Institute of Mechanics of Metal-Polymer Systems (Republic of Belarus). This material is widely used in automotive and mechanical engineering for creating structures capable of withstanding extreme loads. It was found that irradiation of the composite fluoropolymer material for 60 min leads to a 25% increase in wear resistance and a 10% increase in microhardness, which is attributed to the dominance of radiation-induced cross-linking processes in macromolecules. Conversely, it was shown that irradiation with hard radiation for 1 h results in material degradation: wear resistance decreases by 84%, and plasticity decreases by 42%.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"556 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computer Modeling of Lubricant Desizing from Fiber Fillers for Polymer Composites by Low-Energy Ion Bombardment 聚合物复合材料纤维填料低能离子轰击退浆的计算机模拟
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700470
F. R. Sagitova, V. S. Zheltukhin, M. Z. Garayev, I. K. Nekrasov, A. D. Kudryavyi
{"title":"Computer Modeling of Lubricant Desizing from Fiber Fillers for Polymer Composites by Low-Energy Ion Bombardment","authors":"F. R. Sagitova,&nbsp;V. S. Zheltukhin,&nbsp;M. Z. Garayev,&nbsp;I. K. Nekrasov,&nbsp;A. D. Kudryavyi","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700470","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700470","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of experimental and theoretical studies concerning the removal of sizing and finishing agents from the surface of fibrous fillers for polymer composites are presented. The removal is achieved by exposing the materials to a low-energy ion flow (LEIF) (up to 100 eV) generated in an intermediate-pressure radio-frequency (RF) discharge. A paraffin-based sizing agent and finishes (coupling agents) based on (3‑glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and polyethylene wax (PEW) are considered. A Monte Carlo simulation showed that as a result of low-energy ion bombardment, the molecules within the sizing agents and finishes are cleaved into shorter radicals, specifically liquid and gaseous fractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"700 - 704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147967997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microstructure and Composition of Anodic Tin Oxide Grown in NaOH Electrolyte 在NaOH电解液中生长的阳极氧化锡的微观结构和组成
IF 0.7 4区 材料科学
Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1134/S0020168526700457
V. A. Stepanova, M. V. Berekchiian, I. V. Roslyakov, A. A. Poyarkov, T. B. Shatalova, I. V. Kolesnik, R. G. Valeev, A. V. Lukashin, A. A. Eliseev
{"title":"Microstructure and Composition of Anodic Tin Oxide Grown in NaOH Electrolyte","authors":"V. A. Stepanova,&nbsp;M. V. Berekchiian,&nbsp;I. V. Roslyakov,&nbsp;A. A. Poyarkov,&nbsp;T. B. Shatalova,&nbsp;I. V. Kolesnik,&nbsp;R. G. Valeev,&nbsp;A. V. Lukashin,&nbsp;A. A. Eliseev","doi":"10.1134/S0020168526700457","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020168526700457","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The work reports on the structure of anodic tin oxide (ATO) films, synthesized in 0.5 M NaOH electrolyte at anodizing voltage of 4–12 V and temperature of 5 and 25°C. The microstructure and composition of the films were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Pore diameter of ATO linearly increases with anodization voltage with a slope coefficient of 3.0 nm/V at either 5 or 25°C, providing average pore diameters in the range of 20–45 nm. Temperature does not affect significantly pores diameter, while determining anodization current and the growth rate. Film thickness is limited to ~150 µm due to dissolution of oxide layer at the oxide/electrolyte interface. ATO dissolution results in the diminishing of current efficiency from &gt;95% for the film thickness of ~60 µm (spent charge 44.2 C/cm<sup>2</sup>) to ~25% for the film thickness of ~120 µm (spent charge 176.8 C/cm<sup>2</sup>). The films are amorphous, composed of non-stoichiometric SnO<sub><i>x</i></sub>·<i>n</i>H<sub>2</sub>O with <i>x</i> = 1.5–1.9. It is suggested, that the porous structure forms due to preferential dissolution of Sn<sup>4+</sup> oxide, contacting with electrolyte, while Sn<sup>2+</sup> at the pores interstitials reveals much higher stability towards basic environment. Most homogeneous films with minimal number of cracking defects, are formed at 8 V, 5°C, and spent charge of &gt;176.8 C/cm<sup>2</sup>. The films reveal high conductivity as shown with impedance spectroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":585,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials","volume":"61 7-15","pages":"682 - 690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147968068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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