Granular Matter最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the effect of gravel content on the small-strain shear modulus of sand-gravel mixtures","authors":"Xingyang Liu,&nbsp;Degao Zou,&nbsp;Fanwei Ning,&nbsp;Jingmao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10035-023-01312-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-023-01312-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most previous studies have focused on the small-strain shear modulus (<i>G</i>_max) of clean sand or sand-silt/clay mixtures, while little attention has been given to sand-gravel mixtures which are extensively used in many construction projects, such as railway foundation, rockfill dam and artificial slope. This study investigates the effect of gravel content (<i>GC</i>) on the <i>G</i>_max through a series of shear wave velocity tests on specimens with 0 to 100% <i>GC</i> in a large-scale triaxial apparatus. The results show that the relationship between <i>G</i>_max and <i>GC</i> is related to the stress level. Under relatively low confining pressure, the <i>G</i>_max remains nearly constant when <i>GC</i> increases from 0 to 80%, after which, <i>G</i>_max increases rapidly until 100% <i>GC</i>. Under relatively high confining pressure, the <i>G</i>_max increases slowly when <i>GC</i> increases from 0 to 40%, the rate of increase in <i>G</i>_max becomes more rapid at 40–80% <i>GC</i>, and the <i>G</i>_max increases most rapidly between 80 to 100% <i>GC</i>. The observed difference in the relationship between <i>G</i>_max and <i>GC</i> is related to the stronger densification for specimens with between 40 and 80% <i>GC</i> at higher confining pressure. A <i>G</i>_max model considering the effect of <i>GC</i> was established and verified using the test data. The model can assist with rapid estimation of the small-strain shear modulus of sand-gravel mixtures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5078727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A theoretical model to predict normal contact characteristics for elasto-plastic collisions","authors":"Sourabh Mukhopadhyay,&nbsp;Prasanta Kumar Das,&nbsp;Neerav Abani","doi":"10.1007/s10035-023-01307-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-023-01307-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents a theoretical prediction of elasto-plastic collision during normal impact. A new theoretical model is proposed to estimate coefficient of restitution and contact force–displacement characteristics during elasto-plastic collision. The proposed model can be considered as a modified version of Thornton’s model which comes into a very good agreement with FEA and experimental works. This model takes care of non-local plasticity as well as uniform pressure distribution instead of constant pressure distribution in core contact region in plastic phase. Concept of contact ring is proposed for first time in this article. The effect of adhesion on the proposed contact model is also discussed in this article. The validity of proposed contact model for a wide range of impact velocity proofs the model to be robust.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-023-01307-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4718632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic characteristics of sphere impact into wet granular materials considering suction","authors":"Xingli Zhang,&nbsp;Dashuai Zhang,&nbsp;Yifan Wang,&nbsp;Shunying Ji,&nbsp;Honghua Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01304-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01304-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the impact and penetration characteristics of non-homogeneous granular material systems is of great significance for various research work. In this study, a series of experiments are conducted to investigate the impact and penetration processes of sand and glass beads, two granular materials with different moisture contents. The ultra-high-speed camera is used to capture the dynamic response of the projectile, while the impact force during impact and penetration is recorded by miniature load cells arranged underneath the container. The results show that the dynamic response of the projectile differs significantly for different types of granular materials with different moisture contents. The comparison between wet and dry granular materials reveals that the terminal penetration depth and the duration of the collision are much less for wet granular materials than for dry ones, and the effect of moisture content on the terminal penetration depth of the projectile is discussed. Assuming that the presence of moisture has no effect on the inertial force term, a modified motion equation is proposed taking into account the suction of wet granular materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-022-01304-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4533367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Nesterenko’s solitary wave in the precompressed granular alignment held between fixed ends","authors":"Tengfei Jiao,&nbsp;Weizhong Chen,&nbsp;Yoichi Takato,&nbsp;Surajit Sen,&nbsp;Decai Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10035-023-01309-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-023-01309-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The response of a granular alignment held between fixed end walls to an impulse was introduced in the works of Nesterenko between 1983 and the years that followed. He showed analytically and experimentally that a granular chain admits a propagating solitary wave. In his analytic work, under small precompression compared to the local strain, he showed that one finds a propagating solitary wave. The solitary wave was also seen experimentally but at zero and vanishingly small precompressions. Under stronger precompression a possible Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) solitary wave was suggested though never observed. Later, others confirmed the solitary wave result at zero loading. Sen and Manciu reported seeing the solitary wave behavior in numerical simulations and in 2001 proposed an accurate solution which obtained the solitary wave at zero precompression as seen in some experiments and in numerics. Simulations showed an oscillatory tail following the solitary wave at small precompressions. In an experimental study in 1997, Costé, Falcon and Fauve and later Nesterenko et al. reported seeing propagation of a wave with an oscillatory tail. The oscillatory tail eventually consumed the solitary wave with increasing precompression. How can one reconcile Nesterenko’s solitary wave for the weakly precompressed system with Sen and Manciu’s solitary wave solution for zero precompression? Here we show that there is a separate solitary wave phase at a certain weak but finite loading regime which is distinct from Sen and Manciu’s work and this may be the reason why Nesterenko’s analytic theory seems to admit a solitary wave at finite loadings. We also offer insights into why the KdV solution is not seen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-023-01309-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4687754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the erosion of cohesive granular soils by a submerged jet: a numerical approach","authors":"Zeyd Benseghier,&nbsp;Li-Hua Luu,&nbsp;Pablo Cuéllar,&nbsp;Stéphane Bonelli,&nbsp;Pierre Philippe","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01289-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01289-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an erosion interpretation of cohesive granular materials stressed by an impinging jet based on the results of a micromechanical simulation model. The numerical techniques are briefly described, relying on a two-dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Method coupled with a Discrete Element Methods including a simple model of solid intergranular cohesion. These are then used to perform a parametric study of a planar jet in the laminar regime impinging the surface of granular samples with different degrees of cohesive strength. The results show the pertinence of using a generalized form of the Shields criterion for the quantification of the erosion threshold, which is valid for cohesionless samples, through empirical calibration, and also for cohesive ones. Furthermore, the scouring kinetics are analysed here from the perspective of a self-similar expansion of the eroded crater leading to the identification of a characteristic erosion time and the quantification of the classical erosion coefficient. However, the presented results also challenge the postulate of a local erosion law including erodibility parameters as intrinsic material properties. The paper then reviews the main limitations of the simulation and current interpretation models, and discusses the potential causes for the observed discrepancies, questioning the pertinence of using time-averaged macroscopic relations to correctly describe soil erosion. The paper concludes addressing this question with a complementary study of the presented simulations re-assessed at the particle-scale. The resulting local critical shear stress of single grains reveals a very wide dispersion of the data but nevertheless appears to confirm the general macroscopic trend derived for the cohesionless samples, while the introduction of cohesion implies a significant but systematic quantitative deviation between the microscopic and macroscopic estimates. Nevertheless, the micro data still shows consistently that the critical shear stress does actually vary approximately in linear proportion of the adhesive force.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4377390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of particle size and shape on shear strength of sand–rubber granule mixtures","authors":"Abdulmuttalip Ari,&nbsp;Suat Akbulut","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01287-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01287-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, the effect of particle size and shape parameters on shear strength of sand–rubber mixture was investigated using repose angle, as an analogy to the constant volume response, maximum dilatancy, and peak internal friction angles for various mixture conditions. For this purpose, four different granulated rubber and sand sizes were used to include the particle size effect. The size ratio of rubber and sand was maintained as unity in the mixtures. The influence of particle shape was reflected using three different shape classes for sand and two different particle forms for rubber granules. The shape properties of particles were quantified using overall regularity parameter with image processing. The percentage of rubber in the mixtures was varied at five different rates by weight of total sample. As a result, it was observed that the soft-rubber inclusion affected the shear strength parameters distinctively. The geometrical properties of sand and rubber particles have leading roles in the evolution of shear strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-022-01287-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5185633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEM simulation of small strain and large strain behaviors of granular soils with a coherent contact model","authors":"Hongwei Wu,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Gu,&nbsp;Jing Hu,&nbsp;Qihui Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01286-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01286-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Discrete element method is widely used to study the macroscopic behaviors of granular soils subjected to various loading conditions at a particulate level. However, most of previous studies used different contact models to simulate soil behaviors at different strain levels. To reconcile the disparities between different contact models in DEM simulation, a modified rolling resistance Hertz-Mindlin model is proposed for simultaneously emulating distinct behaviors of granular soils at both small strain and large strain. The Hertz-Mindlin contact model is used to capture the stress-dependent small strain stiffness, while the rolling resistance model is adopted to capture the main effect of particle shape. Contact stiffness degradation is also taken into consideration in the simulation. The comparisons with experimental data show that the model used in this paper can effectively capture the essential features of soil behaviors at both small and large strains in drained and undrained triaxial shear tests. The results indicate that contact stiffness degradation during shearing should be considered for avoiding irrationally high negative excess pore water pressure in undrained triaxial shearing. Incorporation of rolling resistance into the contact model is necessary for reaching a reasonably high critical state stress ratio arising from particle shape.</p>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5377613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the final discharge angle in flighted rotary drums","authors":"J. Seidenbecher,&nbsp;F. Herz,&nbsp;K. R. Sunkara,&nbsp;J. Mellmann","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01283-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01283-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rotary drums equipped with longitudinal flights are mainly used to dry granular solids and handle high throughputs. The design of the flights is a crucial task because they decisively influence the distribution of the particles over the dryer cross section. In a previous work, the authors derived a mathematical model for the particle flow in rotary drums with rectangular flights. In this model, the final discharge angle was underpredicted resulting in errors when calculating the contact area of the particles in the air-borne phase. Therefore, a new model was developed in this study to predict the final discharge angle based on a forces balance approach on a single particle. This approach includes the Coriolis force acting on the last discharging particles sliding down the inclined flight sheet. The model was solved by using the vector analysis method. Experiments were performed at rotary drums with 0.5 m and 1.0 m in diameter, respectively, and 0.15/0.3 m in length using glass beads and quartz sand as bed materials. Each drum was equipped with 12 flights around the shell. The model validation was performed by varying the bed material, drum diameter, flight length ratio, and the rotating speed. The model predictions have shown that as the flight length ratio and the Froude number increased, the final discharge angle attained higher values. The model predictions agree well with the measurements.\u0000</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-022-01283-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4587754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Horizontal penetration of a finite-length intruder in granular materials","authors":"Ningning Zhang,&nbsp;Raul Fuentes","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01281-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01281-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, bio-inspired burrowing robots and other intruder problems in granular media have attracted significant attention. Many of these, especially related to traditional penetration problems in geotechnical engineering, cover vertical penetration. Modelling these types of problems numerically using the discrete element method (DEM) is typically done ignoring gravity by controlling the stresses in the selected representative volume. Additionally, most problems involve infinitely long intruders from a modelling point of view. However, in horizontal penetration there is enough evidence to show that intruders are affected by an uplift force that affects the penetration and needs to be considered. In this paper we use the DEM to demonstrate the impact of considering vertical uplift and gravity for a finite-length intruder penetrating in a dense granular media through particle level and macro-behaviour. Additionally, through the numerical study, important mechanisms emerge during horizontal penetration, including four different distinct stages on the surrounding soil, or the extent of disruption, that are fundamentally distorted when gravity is ignored.</p>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-022-01281-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4357299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and application on large-scale coarse-grained soil filling characteristics and gradation optimization","authors":"Sheng Zhu,&nbsp;Huayang Ye,&nbsp;Yuqi Yang,&nbsp;Guojie Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01280-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10035-022-01280-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The filling characteristics of rockfill is an engineering problem that cannot be ignored in high dams. Reasonably controlling and optimizing the gradation is critical for improving the compaction quality. The relationship between gradation distribution law and compaction characteristics is investigated using numerical and field experiments, and a method for dam construction gradation design optimization is given. The results show that the Weibull model exhibited better applicability for continuous coarse-grained soil gradation. The extreme porosity of rockfill has a scaling effect, which can be basically eliminated when the maximum particle size reaches 400 mm. The prediction results based on the neural network show that the Weibull model gradation parameters strongly correlate with the porosity. The “occupancy effect”, or “filling effect”, of fine particles, and the “wedge effect”, or “wall effect”, of coarse particles, can explain the relationship between the Weibull model gradation parameters and porosity. The gradation parameters have a corresponding relationship with the classical non-uniformity coefficient <i>Cu</i> and curvature coefficient <i>Cc</i> indexes. <i>Cu</i> and <i>Cc</i> indicators can be used to judge the quality of the gradation at first and then optimize it by using the experimental results of the Weibull model parameters. The research results have application reference value for the filling design and compaction quality evaluation of large-scale coarse-grained soil.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-022-01280-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4365680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}