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The effect of bend on the Ramsey cavity 弯曲对拉姆齐腔的影响
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138890
F. Sun, Xian-he Huang
{"title":"The effect of bend on the Ramsey cavity","authors":"F. Sun, Xian-he Huang","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138890","url":null,"abstract":"Ramsey cavity is one of core components that compose the Cs beam tube in the Cs atomic beam clocks. In this work, the contribution from the waveguide bend on the field distribution of the cavity is carefully investigated by using combination method of Maxwell equations and Finite element simulation. We find that there exists TM11 mode inside cavity in addition to standing wave TE10p mode. Meanwhile, we also find that the cavity resonance frequency is closely related to the bend radius. These results demonstrate a better description of the microwave properties than previous work where the Ramsey cavity was usually studied as an ideal rectangular microwave cavity.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80043068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
External cavity diode laser with long-term frequency stabilization based on mode boundary detection 基于模式边界检测的长期稳频外腔二极管激光器
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138918
Z. Xu, Kaikai Huang, Xuanhui Lu
{"title":"External cavity diode laser with long-term frequency stabilization based on mode boundary detection","authors":"Z. Xu, Kaikai Huang, Xuanhui Lu","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138918","url":null,"abstract":"We have implemented a long-term frequency stabilization system for external cavity diode laser (ECDL) based on mode boundary detection method. In this system, the saturated absorption spectroscopy was used. The current and the grating of the ECDL were controlled by a computer-based feedback control system. By checking any mode boundaries in the spectrum, the control system determined how to adjust current to avoid mode hopping. This procedure was executed periodically to ensure the long-term stabilization of ECDL in the absence of mode hops. This laser diode system without antireflection-coating had over operated in the condition of long-term mode hopping free stabilization for almost 400 hours. Last year, we have added template matching technics to the system. The ECDL stabilization time has been extended to almost 1200 hours without any manual intervention further. This is a significant improvement of ECDL frequency stabilization system. This technique is very useful in some applications such as laser atomic cooling and atom fountain etc.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85244250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A status report on time scale generation in PTB PTB中时间标度生成的现状报告
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138862
A. Bauch, E. Staliuniene, G. Gomah
{"title":"A status report on time scale generation in PTB","authors":"A. Bauch, E. Staliuniene, G. Gomah","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138862","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the local realization of Coordinated Universal Time UTC by PTB, named UTC(PTB), and PTB's free atomic time scale TA(PTB). Since February 2010 UTC(PTB) has been derived from an active hydrogen maser steered in frequency by PTB's primary fountain clocks. Since then and up to early 2015 the time difference UTC - UTC(PTB) was always less than 9 ns. From early on it was foreseen that the steering of UTC(PTB) could also be derived from the ensemble of caesium beam clocks operated in PTB. When doing so in practice, it appeared that the algorithm of combining the inputs of individual clocks was not perfectly chosen. The properties of the time scales as generated up to now as well as the new strategy for a time scale reflecting better PTB's ensemble of thermal beam caesium clocks is presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81108531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Stability analysis of the French timescale UTC(OP) 法国时标UTC(OP)的稳定性分析
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138836
M. Abgrall, S. Bize, B. Chupin, J. Guéna, P. Laurent, P. Rosenbusch, P. Uhrich, G. Rovera
{"title":"Stability analysis of the French timescale UTC(OP)","authors":"M. Abgrall, S. Bize, B. Chupin, J. Guéna, P. Laurent, P. Rosenbusch, P. Uhrich, G. Rovera","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138836","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the current results obtained with the new version of the French timescale UTC(OP) in operation since more than two years now. The time scale is based on an hydrogen maser steered by one of the SYRTE atomic fountains. Thanks to this technique, UTC(OP) is one of the best real time realization of UTC. A statistical analysis of different UTC - UTC(k) comparisons is presented.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78584886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two independent strontium optical lattice clocks for practical realization of the meter and secondary representation of the second 两个独立的锶光学晶格钟，用于实际实现米和秒的二次表示
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138847
M. Zawada, M. Bober, P. Morzyński, A. Cygan, D. Lisak, P. Masłowski, M. Prymaczek, P. Wcisło, P. Ablewski, M. Piwiński, S. Wójtewicz, K. Bielska, D. Bartoszek-Bober, R. Ciuryło, J. Zachorowski, M. Piotrowski, W. Gawlik, F. Ozimek, C. Radzewicz
{"title":"Two independent strontium optical lattice clocks for practical realization of the meter and secondary representation of the second","authors":"M. Zawada, M. Bober, P. Morzyński, A. Cygan, D. Lisak, P. Masłowski, M. Prymaczek, P. Wcisło, P. Ablewski, M. Piwiński, S. Wójtewicz, K. Bielska, D. Bartoszek-Bober, R. Ciuryło, J. Zachorowski, M. Piotrowski, W. Gawlik, F. Ozimek, C. Radzewicz","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138847","url":null,"abstract":"We report a system of two independent strontium optical lattice standards probed with a single shared ultra-narrow laser. This allows verification of relative stability of both optical standards. The absolute frequency of the clocks can be roughly verified by the use of an optical frequency comb with the GPS-disciplined Rb frequency standard or, more accurately, by a long distance stabilized fiber optic link with the UTC(AOS) and UTC(PL) via the OPTIME network.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78154567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Front-end receiver: Recent and emerging trend 前端接收器:最近出现的趋势
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138852
U. Rohde, A. Poddar, E. Rubiola, M. Silaghi
{"title":"Front-end receiver: Recent and emerging trend","authors":"U. Rohde, A. Poddar, E. Rubiola, M. Silaghi","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138852","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the recent trend of front-end receiver systems for the application in radio monitoring. The receiver implementation is optimized for applications such as hunting and detecting unknown signals, identifying interference, spectrum monitoring and clearance, and signal search over wide frequency ranges, producing signal content and direction finding of identified signals.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72891838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Nonlinear acceleration sensitivity of quartz resonators 石英谐振器的非线性加速度灵敏度
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138783
Jianfeng Chen, Y. Yong, R. Kubena, D. Kirby, D. Chang
{"title":"Nonlinear acceleration sensitivity of quartz resonators","authors":"Jianfeng Chen, Y. Yong, R. Kubena, D. Kirby, D. Chang","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138783","url":null,"abstract":"The nonlinear effects of initial stress/strain of the quartz plate resonator on its acceleration sensitivity was studied. Finite element models were developed using a theory of small deformations superposed on finite initial deformations in a Lagrangian formulation. AT- and SC-cut quartz circular plate resonators were studied. The plates were respectively subjected to diametrical compression force and bending force. The initial strains due to the application of diametrical force represented initial strains due to in-plane acceleration, while the initial strains due to bending force represented initial strains due to out-of-plane acceleration. Our model results using nonlinear initial strains showed good agreement with measured data by Ballato, Mingins, and Fletcher and Douglas. The model results using linear initial strains compared well only with the measured data for plates subjected to diametrical force but not for plates subjected to bending forces. Hence our model results showed that for accurate prediction of out-of-plane acceleration sensitivity the nonlinear initial strains must be used. The linear initial stress/strain cannot fully capture rotation and bending effects. The acceleration sensitivity model using linear initial strains could only be employed for in-plane acceleration, or for very low g out-of-plane acceleration. The SC-cut crystals showed better linearity of frequency change with respect to applied bending forces than the AT-cut crystals. The principle of superposition for out-of-plane acceleration sensitivity in AT-cut crystals is in general not valid, especially in cases of high g accelerations.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79990905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An atomic frequency micrometer based on the coherent population beating phenomenon 基于相干居群跳动现象的原子频率千分尺
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138883
Wang Zhong, Zhao Jianye, Zhao Xiaona, Liu Li, Zhuang Yuxin, Liao Dawei
{"title":"An atomic frequency micrometer based on the coherent population beating phenomenon","authors":"Wang Zhong, Zhao Jianye, Zhao Xiaona, Liu Li, Zhuang Yuxin, Liao Dawei","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138883","url":null,"abstract":"We have demonstrated an atomic frequency micrometer based on the coherent population beating phenomenon, which enables us to obtain the beat frequency between the measured signal and the atomic transition frequency. The beat frequency and its fluctuations are detected and accurately measured through digital signal processing, which is capable of up to mHz or higher frequency resolutions (for GHz signal). The frequency discrimination via our method is comparable to that of the Ramsey fringes method, and the working range is no longer limited by the width of line shape. This enables us to achieve an atomic clock by actively compensating the frequency shift, which eliminates the need for a phase locking loop, and broadens the working range with increasing reliability. This novel scheme could be extended to the optical frequency region, implying possible future applications in optical atomic clocks, optical frequency comb, atomic spectroscopy and other related researches.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76810649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Enhancement of effective electromechanical coupling factor by mass loading in layered SAW device structures 层状SAW器件结构中质量加载增强有效机电耦合系数
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138870
Gongbin Tang, Tao Han, Akihiko Teshigahara, T. Iwaki, K. Hashimoto
{"title":"Enhancement of effective electromechanical coupling factor by mass loading in layered SAW device structures","authors":"Gongbin Tang, Tao Han, Akihiko Teshigahara, T. Iwaki, K. Hashimoto","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138870","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes drastic enhancement of K<sub>e</sub><sup>2</sup> by mass loading in layered SAW device structures such as the ScAlN film/Si substrate. It is shown that this phenomenon is obvious even when an amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub> film is deposited on the top surface for temperature compensation. This enhancement is caused by SAW energy confinement to the top surface of the ScAlN layer where the IDT is placed. This K<sub>e</sub><sup>2</sup> enhancement is also found when other electrode and/or substrate materials are employed.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77175338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Novel gyroscopic mounting for crystal oscillator (payload) applied in high dynamic host vehicle (platform) to improve its output stability 为提高高动态载具(平台)上晶体振荡器(载荷)的输出稳定性，设计了一种新型陀螺仪安装方式
时间频率公报 Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.1109/FCS.2015.7138809
Maryam Abedi, T. Jin
{"title":"Novel gyroscopic mounting for crystal oscillator (payload) applied in high dynamic host vehicle (platform) to improve its output stability","authors":"Maryam Abedi, T. Jin","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2015.7138809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2015.7138809","url":null,"abstract":"When crystal oscillator applied in high dynamic host vehicle, dynamic loads impact its short and medium-term stability. In order to suppression and/or reduction these impacts, gyroscopic mounting is proposed to install oscillator on it. One of the main parameters which affect dynamic loads impacts on oscillator output is crystal g-sensitivity vector. Therefore, at first, statistical study has been accomplished on this parameter for SC-cut crystals which used in high dynamic oscillators. This study reveals that the angle between this vector and crystal surface (φ) nearly follows Rayleigh distribution with 1σ=19°. Thus, this vector tends to be close to crystal surface not perpendicular to it. Furthermore the analysis results of using gyro-mounting shows the acceptable results for quartz crystals with |φ|<;2σ=38° (85%). To prove gyro efficiency, its effect on each dynamic load is analyzed separately. The results of related analyses reveal that gyro shows its best for attitude change of host vehicle, such that it totally suppresses relevant disturbances. In the case of steady state load, sinusoidal and random vibrations, gyro best effects appear for |φ|<;30° and β angles which are not too close to 90°. Totally when high dynamic crystal oscillator is installed on gyro-mounting, the probability of observing instability on its output is reduced.","PeriodicalId":57667,"journal":{"name":"时间频率公报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87806987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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