残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 2018-10-15DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0045
Cogan Jacob Katz
{"title":"Art.44 Regional Integration Organizations","authors":"Cogan Jacob Katz","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0045","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines Article 44 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). For decades, international organizations have been permitted to become parties to certain multilateral treaties. No human rights treaty, however, had done the same until the CRPD, which in its Articles 42 and 43 for the first time provided such opportunities to ‘regional integration organizations’ (RIOs). The inclusion of a RIO clause in the CRPD allows international organizations for the first time to consent to be bound by a treaty in the area of human rights. Article 44 defines a RIO; clarifies that RIOs are to be considered ‘states parties’ for purposes of the Convention within the limits of their competence, excludes a RIO’s accession from having any consequence under the entry into force provisions of Articles 45 and 47; and establishes voting rules in the Conference of States Parties for RIOs and any of their member states that are also Convention parties.","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77911188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 2018-10-15DOI: 10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0011
N. Smitha
{"title":"Art.10 Right to Life","authors":"N. Smitha","doi":"10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines Article 10 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which affirms every human being’s right to life. It first explores the efforts made by the drafters of the CRPD to frame the right to life of all human beings. It further examines the wider meaning of the right to life and its application, and traces the interpretation given by the CRPD Committee in its concluding observations. In order to understand the micro-level application of the right, the chapter examines the interpretation and its application by domestic and regional courts. Finally, it explores the individual complaints made under the optional protocol and the consequent interpretation provided. This is done to define the jurisprudence surrounding the right to life and the required measures to strengthen and facilitate its wider application as envisaged under the Convention.","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90552154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 2018-10-15DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0035
G. Katherine
{"title":"Art.34 Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities","authors":"G. Katherine","doi":"10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines Article 34 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which addresses the establishment of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the treaty monitoring body for the CRPD. Specifically, Article 34 sets forth parameters related to the general functioning of the Committee, including selection of members, the size of the Committee, terms of members, and certain of the logistical aspects of the Committee’s operations, such as adoption of rules of procedure, staffing, and facilities, as well as the status of the Committee’s members. The chapter provides an overview of the drafting history of Article 34, with analysis of the article’s specific provisions. It begins by considering the Committee’s place in the larger UN human rights system.","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91023970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 2018-10-15DOI: 10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0007
M. Roxanne, C. Ena
{"title":"Art.6 Women with Disabilities","authors":"M. Roxanne, C. Ena","doi":"10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines Article 6 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which speaks directly to the unique experiences of gender and disability-based discrimination. The chapter begins by canvassing the historical background and travaux préparatoires on Article 6. It then reviews the text of the article and discusses the interaction between Article 6 and other substantive articles of the CRPD. It considers how Article 6 and related articles have been interpreted by the CRPD Committee in its Concluding Observations to date and in General Comment No 3 on Article 6. As is often the case with gender and disability achievements, the progress effectuated by Article 6 was realized after decades of work and the success, while meaningful on paper, remains to be accomplished in reality.","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91142992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 2018-10-15DOI: 10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0043
Bantekas Ilias
{"title":"Art.42 Signature","authors":"Bantekas Ilias","doi":"10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LAW/9780198810667.003.0043","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines Article 42 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Multilateral treaties such as the CRPD, which are adopted after years of negotiation, are opened for signature either to all states or only those states that participated in the negotiations and the final conference. Signature clauses are typically distinct from accession and ratification clauses given their bifurcated legal nature and distinct legal effects. Multilateral treaties undergo a three-tier process: a) negotiation/discussion; b) signature of final text and; c) ratification, which is further distinguished by the deposit of an instrument of ratification and the adoption of implementing legislation at the domestic level. Article 42 states that present Convention shall be open for signature by all states and by regional integration organizations at United Nations Headquarters in New York as of 30 March 2007. By September 2017 there were approximately 175 ratifications and twelve signatories to the CRPD.","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88119394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 1992-02-01DOI: 10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217399
S. Hutchins
{"title":"SAY & SEE articulation therapy software","authors":"S. Hutchins","doi":"10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217399","url":null,"abstract":"SAY & SEE is a software tool for speech therapy that displays an animated mid-sagittal view of the vocal tract in real-time on Macintosh computers in response to speech input with an ordinary microphone. The system permits users to see in a graphic and easily comprehensible way how closely they approach a targeted speech pattern. Trials of SAY & SEE at multiple sites around the country where it was used by hearing-impaired children, speech-impaired children with normal hearing, and adults with normal hearing who had suffered strokes or head injuries, have shown that SAY & SEE provides valuable feedback on the modifications to articulation needed to improve speech production. The same results have been found with students learning English as a second language (ESL), since they must struggle to pronounce phonemes that do not appear in their native languages.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"692 1","pages":"37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74744132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 1992-02-01DOI: 10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217371
W. Loughborough
{"title":"BATRUP-affordable screen access system","authors":"W. Loughborough","doi":"10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217371","url":null,"abstract":"Most systems using voice synthesis to provide access to computer screens for blind/visually impaired users are too expensive for private use by (often unemployed) computer novices. Using a commercially available system with a text-to-speech algorithm and the speech in software and a public domain screen access system makes entry level accessibility a reality for impecunious users.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"17 1","pages":"188-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75065382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 1992-02-01DOI: 10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217407
C. Sanford
{"title":"TONETALKER (telephone display)","authors":"C. Sanford","doi":"10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217407","url":null,"abstract":"TONETALKER is a low-cost, portable, hand-held, battery powered device used with a pane which enables a hearing impaired person to see messages sent from any touchtone phone. TONETALKER has a display and a microphone on a suction cup which attaches to the telephone receiver. Only the keys on a touchtone phone is needed to 'type' messages to the TONETALKER device which is used with the hearing impaired person's telephone receiver, and receives and displays the messages. No other computer, device or special telephone is required. TONETALKER works with any telephone. Voice communication is not affected.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"12-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85200432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 1992-02-01DOI: 10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217395
R. J. Japins
{"title":"Tri-Page-TDD telemessaging","authors":"R. J. Japins","doi":"10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217395","url":null,"abstract":"Tri-Page is an example of emerging communication technologies now available to the deaf community. These technologies will help address problems of unemployment and underemployment of deaf people. This software allows a telecommunication device for the deaf (TDD) to access alphanumeric pagers leaving messages on the pagers. The deaf individual is alerted to receiving messages through a vibrator in the pagers. This software bridges the communication barrier of Baudot and ASCII making traditionally incompatible devices accessible to each other. With sport and cooperation from McCaw and Airsignal, communication possibilities thus far denied to the deaf have become part of everyday living.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"182 1","pages":"53-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72789309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
残疾人发展理论研究Pub Date : 1992-02-01DOI: 10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217370
D. O'Neil
{"title":"Mainstream computer display serves the visually impaired","authors":"D. O'Neil","doi":"10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAAPWD.1992.217370","url":null,"abstract":"A description of an electronic magnifier frequently used by the partially sighted to enlarge documents is given along with a historical perspective of video adaptors. Because of the incompatibilities between the enlarging unit and the video adaptors, two different monitors must be used. One display is used to enlarge hardcopy materials, while the other is needed to view computer video. To overcome this problem, this paper provides a solution for interfacing the enlarging unit with multiple computer video adaptors by use of a single monitor.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":57507,"journal":{"name":"残疾人发展理论研究","volume":"80 1","pages":"189-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83821050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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